Conceptual Strategy for Mitigating the Risk of Hydrogen as an Internal Hazard in Case of Severe Accidents at Nuclear Power Plant Considering Existing Risks and Uncertainties Associated with the Use of Traditional Strategies

Hydrogen challenge mitigation stands as one of the main objectives in the management of severe accidents at Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). Key strategies for hydrogen control include atmospheric inertization and hydrogen removal with Passive Autocatalytic Recombiners (PARs) being a commonly accepted approach. However, an examination of PAR operation specificity reveals potential inefficiencies and reliability issues in certain severe accident scenarios. Moreover, during the in-vessel stage of severe accident development, in some severe accident scenarios PARs can unexpectedly become a source of hydrogen detonation. The effectiveness of hydrogen removal systems depends on various factors, including the chosen strategies, severe accident scenarios, reactor building design, and other influencing factors. Consequently, a comprehensive hydrogen mitigation strategy must effectively incorporate a combination of strategies rather than be based on one strategy, taking into consideration the probabilistic risks and uncertainties associated with the implementation of PARs or other traditional methods. In response to these considerations, within the framework of this research it has been suggested a conceptual strategy to mitigate the hydrogen challenge during the in-vessel stage of severe accident development.

The Role of the Outsourcing Contract From a Partnership-based Perspective

The definition of relational contents which outsourcer and outsourcee arrange and formalize inside a contract is one of the critical success factors of the outsourcing choice. The contract criticality is greater if the outsourcing aim is made of highly strategic activities, functions, or processes and if the real aim is not the cost saving but the sharing of added value resources, skills, and knowledge. That is, this paper aims to provide some conceptual insights about the role of the contract with a specific reference to the strategic outsourcing, which is the kind of outsourcing where the relationship between the outsourcer and outsourcee is set inside the ＂partnership-based＂ logic. In particular the remarks proposed concern the role of the contract as a tool to face the risk and manage the relationship.

Perception and Uses of Stakeholders＇ Power on Health and Safety Risk Management in Construction Projects in Tanzania

Key project stakeholders such as clients, consultant teams, contractors and workers have different sources of power to implement projects. How these powers influence health and safety risk management is not well documented. This article therefore assesses the perception and uses of stakeholders＇ power on health and safety in risk management in construction projects in Tanzania, specifically focuses on sources and types of power, how stakeholders perceive their power, how they use power on health and safety risk management, and what factors hinders their use of power. A case study strategy was adopted and four large on-going construction projects in Dar es Salaam Tanzania were involved. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with clients, consultants, contractors and construction workers. Findings indicate that stakeholders have different sources of power such as technical expertise, legitimate, political position, resources information to influence health and safety risk management. Nonetheless, the use of these powers was generally limited due to low level of knowledge on health and safety risk management among stakeholders, wrong perception on their roles, insufficient health and safety regulations and weak procurement system. The research recommends that, in order to realize health and safety performance through using stakeholder＇s power, there is a need of clear definition of stakeholders＇ role and responsibilities on health and safety, wide knowledge and experiences on health and safety risk management, strong regulatory system and procurement system.

Exploiting demand-side heterogeneous flexible resources in risk management of power system frequency

More demand-side flexible resources(DFRs)are participating in the frequency regulation of renewable power systems,whose heterogeneous characteristics have a significant impact on the system frequency response.Consequently,selecting suitable DFRs poses a formidable challenge for independent system operators(ISO).In this paper,a reserve allocation methodology for heterogeneous DFRs is proposed to manage the risk of power system frequency.Firstly,a performance curve is developed to describe the cost,capacity,and response speed of DFRs.Moreover,a clustering method for multiple distributed DFRs is conducted to calculate the aggregated performance curves and uncertainty coefficients.Then,the frequency security criterion considering DFRs’performance is constructed,whose linearity makes it can be easily coupled into the system scheduling model and solved.Furthermore,a risk management model for DFRs considering frequency-chance-constraint is proposed to make a trade-off between cost and frequency security.Finally,the model is transformed into mixed integer second-order cone programming(MISOCP)and solved by the commercial solver.The proposed model is validated by the IEEE 30 and IEEE 118 bus systems.

Identification of Key Links in Electric Power Operation Based-Spatiotemporal Mixing Convolution Neural Network

As the scale of the power system continues to expand,the environment for power operations becomes more and more complex.Existing risk management and control methods for power operations can only set the same risk detection standard and conduct the risk detection for any scenario indiscriminately.Therefore,more reliable and accurate security control methods are urgently needed.In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of the operation risk management and control method,this paper proposes a method for identifying the key links in the whole process of electric power operation based on the spatiotemporal hybrid convolutional neural network.To provide early warning and control of targeted risks,first,the video stream is framed adaptively according to the pixel changes in the video stream.Then,the optimized MobileNet is used to extract the feature map of the video stream,which contains both time-series and static spatial scene information.The feature maps are combined and non-linearly mapped to realize the identification of dynamic operating scenes.Finally,training samples and test samples are produced by using the whole process image of a power company in Xinjiang as a case study,and the proposed algorithm is compared with the unimproved MobileNet.The experimental results demonstrated that the method proposed in this paper can accurately identify the type and start and end time of each operation link in the whole process of electric power operation,and has good real-time performance.The average accuracy of the algorithm can reach 87.8%,and the frame rate is 61 frames/s,which is of great significance for improving the reliability and accuracy of security control methods.

A framework for nuclear power plant emergency response system

The purpose of this study is to establish an intelligent expert system for nuclear power plant emergency response.A new framework of environmental risk management methodology by the concept of pattern recognition was introduced in this paper.A knowledge-based decision support system for emergency response and risk management of nuclear power plant was also discussed.The mathematical pattern relationship of accidental release effects on neighboring area and the corresponding response measures were presented in this paper.With this decision system,the decision maker can specify the procedure and minimize their human error in the decision process.The improvement of risk response and the quality of management system could be upgraded by this system.Besides,the methodology can also be served as a basis for the future development of environmental risk response system design.

PJM电力市场风险管控措施及对南方区域的建议

电力市场改革的深化对电网运行风险管控提出了新的要求。通过总结PJM(Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland)电力市场的风险管控策略,从两个方面分析其电力系统物理运行风险管控策略:包含长期、短期和实时的风险事故发生前措施,执行紧急中断与恢复的风险事故发生后措施;从日前的可靠性机组组合、与电能量市场联合优化的辅助服务市场、中长期的容量市场和输电权市场四个方面分析其基于电力市场的风险管控策略。并将其与南方电网现有风险管控措施相对比,提出了进行多时段风险评估、采取调度-市场相结合的管控风险手段、建设完备的市场体系、成立风险委员会等多方面建议。

关于电力建设工程项目安全风险管控的思考

基于相对安全理论,从全面能力与岗位能力、奖罚制度与流程管理、末端防控与前端治理、单要素管理与多要素协同等方面,对电力建设工程项目安全管理存在的问题进行分析,并提出了相应对策,为电力建设工程项目安全风险管控能力的提升和治理体系的完善提供思路。

新型电力系统下的电网安全挑战与对策研究

新型电力系统的发展给电网安全带来了一系列挑战,包括自然灾难、设备故障、电网管理、恶意破坏等传统风险,以及大规模可再生能源接入和信息技术快速发展等新兴安全问题。文章梳理了国外电力系统及我国新型电力系统的发展特征和形势,研判了新型电力系统下的电网安全风险和挑战,并从预测预警预判技术、极端气候对电网的影响、网络信息安全、风险管理标准4个方面梳理了全球应对电网安全的措施。在此基础上,提出加强电网前瞻性规划部署、提升电网资源配置效率和整体韧性、推动先进技术研发和应用、完善风险管理措施等应对建议,期望为我国电网提高电力供给能力、安全稳定性、韧性提供参考依据。

电网物资供应商分级管理策略及实践应用研究

随着现代化社会的快速发展以及经济的突飞猛进,电力供应对广大群众的生活有着直接影响,因此加强对电网物资供应商分级管理至关重要。本文首先论述了加强电网物资供应商分级管理的重要性,然后分析了电网物资供应商分级管理的重要步骤,最后多维度提出了加强电网物资供应商分级管理的对策,旨在提升电网物资供应商分级管理的整体质量,以期为电网物资的供应保驾护航,助力我国电网行业的健康可持续发展。

海上风电安全风险管理研究与实践

从海上风电项目的全生命周期深入探讨了安全风险的成因,对海上风电施工运维阶段特有的8类作业、34项作业工序,共计69条风险源进行了全面风险辨识、风险评价、风险控制研究。首先,利用LEC法对具体风险源进行了评价分级,同时运用AHP法计算了各类风险的权重,通过加权平均计算各类作业及作业工序的风险分值,得出了风险的相对高低程度。其次,基于统计分析结果,给出了相应的防范措施。最后,从主体责任、行业联动、科技赋能3方面提出了海上风电安全管理建议,以期推动该行业健康、可持续发展。

电力监控网安设备策略统一管理体系及其实践

随着电力监控系统建设不断完善,部署在其中的网络、安全设备和业务应用场景不断增多,相关的网络边界安全策略也愈加繁杂,往往跨越多个供应商、多个设备厂商以及多个物理位置,运维难度大,依赖于“人”以及传统“手动”的安全管理方式准确率低,极大增加了公司重要业务和核心数据资产遭受网络攻击的风险.因此,迫切需要加强网络边界安全策略管理体系的建设.结合电力监控系统的网络安全设备特性,提出一套基于网络安全设备资产分析、电力监控系统路由拓扑分析以及信息安全设备策略分析的安全边界策略统一管理体系,并开发了相应软件平台,在资产探测、路由策略采集、防护策略采集的基础上进行网络安全策略计算,实现了安全边界的策略统一管理.研究以及实践部署表明,该体系可以有效提升运维效率和系统安全性,对于电力监控系统具有较好的针对性、实用性和先进性.

中国锂动力电池产业链污染调查评估及风险管控

在碳达峰、碳中和目标指引下,新能源汽车产业带动锂动力电池迅猛发展,锂动力电池全产业链包括上游锂资源开发利用与锂盐生产、中游锂动力电池原材料生产与锂动力电池制造、下游锂动力电池的回收与利用,其生产过程均对生态环境产生不同程度的影响。基于全国环境影响评价管理信息平台相关数据及产业链产排污特征分析,研究指出中国锂动力电池产业发展面临的环境风险,并提出针对性的建议。结果表明,上游锂资源扩产面临较大的生态环境风险,锂盐生产或影响区域环境空气质量;中游锂动力电池生产过程涉及多种重金属与有机物,存在环境风险;下游回收利用现状不容乐观;建议从环境准入、排污许可、企业环境主体责任等方面入手,加强全产业链的环境风险管控。

电力设计企业风险管理数字化建设调研报告

本文以数字化赋能为基础,结合电力设计企业风险管理特点、政策,提出将数字化转型应用于企业风险管理,通过大数据平台整合和归集风险信息、建立风险评估和预警模型等,提升企业抗风险能力,推动企业高质量发展。

电力企业物资计划管理与风险预警平台设计研究

随着电力行业快速发展,电力企业物资计划管理的重要性日益凸显,为提高物资管理效率,降低运营风险,文章设计一种电力企业物资计划管理与风险预警平台,该平台通过集成先进的信息技术,实现物资需求预测、库存实时监控、风险预警等功能。基于此,文章分析电力企业物资管理特点和存在的问题,指出传统物资管理方式的不足,介绍物资计划管理与风险预警平台的设计理念。最后,通过实际案例分析,验证物资计划管理与风险预警平台的实用性。研究结果表明,该平台能显著提高电力企业物资管理的水平,为企业可持续发展提供有力支持。

Decentralized Bilateral Risk-based Self-healing Strategy for Power Distribution Network with Potentials from Central Energy Stations

Owing to potential regulation capacities from flexible resources in energy coupling,storage,and consumption links,central energy stations(CESs)can provide additional support to power distribution network(PDN)in case of power disruption.However,existing research has not explicitly revealed the emergency response of PDN with leveraging multiple CESs.This paper proposes a decentralized self-healing strategy of PDN to minimize the entire load loss,in which multi-area CESs’potentials including thermal storage and building thermal inertia,as well as the flexible topology of PDN,are reasonably exploited for service recovery.For sake of privacy preservation,the co-optimization of PDN and CESs is realized in a decentralized manner using adaptive alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM).Furtherly,bilateral risk management with conditional value-at-risk(CVaR)for PDN and risk constraints for CESs is integrated to deal with uncertainties from outage duration.Case studies are conducted on a modified IEEE 33-bus PDN with multiple CESs.Numerical results illustrate that the proposed strategy can fully utilize the potentials of multi-area CESs for coordinated load restoration.The effectiveness of the performance and behaviors’adaptation against random risks is also validated.

风险管理视角下管理会计在中小饲料企业融资管理中的应用研究

现代企业经营中融资管理对企业的生存与发展至关重要。中小饲料企业因资金渠道有限及市场波动性大,面临着高融资风险,高效的融资支持对中小饲料企业来说不仅是日常运营的保障,也是保持市场竞争力的关键。但现有研究多集中于大型企业,对饲料行业中小企业的融资管理探讨不足。本文旨在填补这一研究空白,从风险管理视角,探讨管理会计在中小饲料企业融资管理中的应用。通过结合风险管理理论与管理会计方法,阐述了管理会计帮助企业优化融资结构,提高资金使用效率,降低融资成本,增强市场变动应对能力,研究成果为中小饲料企业提供切实可行的融资管理策略。

220 kV内桥接线海上升压站典型保护配置与运维风险管控

海上风电是我国加快能源清洁低碳转型、构建新型电力系统的重要战略支撑。介绍了220 kV海上风电场升压站电气二次一种典型接线方式——内桥接线方式的保护配置,总结了其跳闸、远跳、启动失灵的关键回路,并提出了相关的运维风险管控措施,为今后类似工程的验收及部分设备的停电检修工作提供了参考。

在线教学的风险透视及治理策略研究

在线教学给教育管理、教师教学、学生学习带来了全新体验。但在场域、互动、数据方面也面临着新的风险,具体表现在教学秩序混乱、教学效果滑坡、教学信息泄露三个方面。目前,参与主体的角色异化、数字技术能力供给不足、教学评价和监管手段不足,以及信息保护机制存在缺陷,加大了在线教学风险防范的现实困境。为助力在线教学的常态化与可持续发展,应从充分实现师生的主体交互、强化数字技术能力支撑、建立健全教学质量保障机制、完善信息安全防护体系四个方面着手,加大力度建设风险防控机制。

海上风电场风机整机拆卸风险管控

为填补国内缺乏海上风机拆卸风险分析和管控措施的现状,以山东某海上风电场8.5 MW(风机参数:叶片长度112m、轮毂中心高度+130m)风机整机拆卸为实例,在满足起重风速小于10 m/s和涌浪高度小于0.6 m的海况下,起重设备工作半径为40 m时起重载荷大于401.5 t、起重高度高于+144 m的作业条件下,从风机整机拆卸作业的安全风险辨识和安全管控措施角度出发,分析出风机整机拆卸作业存在海缆保护、叶片拆卸、电缆下放、构件过驳重要风险,提出风险防控措施。为同类型风机维修、拆卸作业风险防控,提供借鉴。