Starch with different particle sizes has different compositions and different physical and chemical properties.The amylopectin content and protein content and lipid content of small granule B starch are higher than th...Starch with different particle sizes has different compositions and different physical and chemical properties.The amylopectin content and protein content and lipid content of small granule B starch are higher than that of A-type starch,which can form spiral complex to limit the expansion of starch.Under the same treatment conditions,B-type starch is more vulnerable to damage,sensitive to freezing storage,even breaks in freezing storage,and has higher gelatinization temperature than other starch during freezing.Amylose contained in A-type has high content,high crystallinity,high degree of ordering after frozen storage and insensitivity to frozen storage,which is beneficial to improve the stability of pores and texture of frozen dough.With the extension of freezing time,the content of amylose decreased,while the content of various amylopectin increased and the conformation of polysaccharide changed.Starch deterioration is different under different frozen storage conditions.The deterioration mechanism of frozen dough can be evaluated by variety of starch characteristics during freezing process,which is of great guiding significance to the improvement of frozen dough technology.展开更多
The effect of reduced glutathione (GSH) on fresh and pre-proofed frozen dough rheological properties were investigated using dynamic stress rheometry and small scale extensibility with the addition of three levels (80...The effect of reduced glutathione (GSH) on fresh and pre-proofed frozen dough rheological properties were investigated using dynamic stress rheometry and small scale extensibility with the addition of three levels (80×10-6, 160× 10-6 and 240×10-6 GSH) and six storage times (0 and 1 day, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks). Three relaxation times (1, 13 and 26min) after loading the dough in the rheometer were used to determine storage (G’) and loss (G”) moduli. Correlations for G’ (r=0.678 and 0.622 at 0.05, and 10Hz, respectively) and G” (r=0.699, and 0.690 at 0.05, and 10Hz, respectively) were observed with the area under the extension curve at 26 min relaxation time. The addition of GSH to fresh dough reduced G’ (16.4% to 55.9%) and G” (13.7% to 52.2%). Freezing and frozen storage caused increase in G’ and G”. The addition of GSH reduced dough strength indicated by the reduction in maximum resistance to extension (Rmax) and the ratio of maximum resistance to extensibility (Rmax/E). The reduction in Rmax across all relaxation times ranged from 16.2% to 59.4%. An increase in dough extension (E) was observed with 240×10-6 GSH at all frozen storage and rest period times. Addition of GSH caused an increase of liquid phase (30.6% to 35.3%) in fresh dough and frozen dough (10.3% to 20.7%) after one day frozen storage. Negative correlations of water content in the solid phase with dough extensibility and area under the extensibility curve were found (r=-0.594 and-0.563, respectively, p<0.001). This suggests a loss of dough extensibility and strength as the water holding capacity of the dough components changes during frozen storage.展开更多
为探究麦芽糖醇代替蔗糖在冷冻馒头面团中应用的可行性,采用0%(S100-M0)、25%(S75-M25)、50%(S50-M50)、75%(S25-M75)、100%(S0-M100)(质量分数)的麦芽糖醇替代蔗糖制作冷冻面团,对面团水分迁移、流变学、熔融特性以及馒头色泽、质构、...为探究麦芽糖醇代替蔗糖在冷冻馒头面团中应用的可行性,采用0%(S100-M0)、25%(S75-M25)、50%(S50-M50)、75%(S25-M75)、100%(S0-M100)(质量分数)的麦芽糖醇替代蔗糖制作冷冻面团,对面团水分迁移、流变学、熔融特性以及馒头色泽、质构、挥发性风味物质的变化进行分析。结果表明,添加麦芽糖醇后,冷冻面团解冻损失率显著降低;水分流动性显示,S50-M50、S25-M75处理组的冷冻面团结合水含量较高,水分流动性较低;熔融特性表明,S25-M75具有最低的热焓值ΔH和可冻结水含量(F_(w));频率扫描显示,S75-M25、S50-M50、S25-M75处理组提高了面团的黏弹性。冷冻面团蒸制后,糖醇处理的馒头自由水含量下降;S50-M50、S25-M75处理组呈现较稳定的色泽品质;S75-M25、S0-M100处理组的硬度、咀嚼性显著增加;GC-MS结果显示,5种处理组共测出14个香气成分,利用投影变量重要性因子(variable importance in projection,VIP)从所有处理组中筛选出27个差异香气物质对馒头进行区分,并将5个处理组的馒头聚为三类,其中S75-M25、S50-M50、S25-M75这3组归为一类,具有较高度的相似性。综上,S75-M25、S50-M50对冷冻面团特性及馒头品质具有较优的保护效果,该结果可为麦芽糖醇在冷冻面制品中的应用提供理论参考。展开更多
基金supported by the Key scientific and technological project of Henan Province(No.202102110143)Talent Projects from Henan University of Technology(No.2018RCJH08)the Joint Foundations from the NSFC-Henan Province(No.U1604235)。
文摘Starch with different particle sizes has different compositions and different physical and chemical properties.The amylopectin content and protein content and lipid content of small granule B starch are higher than that of A-type starch,which can form spiral complex to limit the expansion of starch.Under the same treatment conditions,B-type starch is more vulnerable to damage,sensitive to freezing storage,even breaks in freezing storage,and has higher gelatinization temperature than other starch during freezing.Amylose contained in A-type has high content,high crystallinity,high degree of ordering after frozen storage and insensitivity to frozen storage,which is beneficial to improve the stability of pores and texture of frozen dough.With the extension of freezing time,the content of amylose decreased,while the content of various amylopectin increased and the conformation of polysaccharide changed.Starch deterioration is different under different frozen storage conditions.The deterioration mechanism of frozen dough can be evaluated by variety of starch characteristics during freezing process,which is of great guiding significance to the improvement of frozen dough technology.
基金Financial Support of Oklahorna Wheat Foundation, Oklahome Wheat Commission and Oklahoma Experiment Station of Oklahoma State University.
文摘The effect of reduced glutathione (GSH) on fresh and pre-proofed frozen dough rheological properties were investigated using dynamic stress rheometry and small scale extensibility with the addition of three levels (80×10-6, 160× 10-6 and 240×10-6 GSH) and six storage times (0 and 1 day, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks). Three relaxation times (1, 13 and 26min) after loading the dough in the rheometer were used to determine storage (G’) and loss (G”) moduli. Correlations for G’ (r=0.678 and 0.622 at 0.05, and 10Hz, respectively) and G” (r=0.699, and 0.690 at 0.05, and 10Hz, respectively) were observed with the area under the extension curve at 26 min relaxation time. The addition of GSH to fresh dough reduced G’ (16.4% to 55.9%) and G” (13.7% to 52.2%). Freezing and frozen storage caused increase in G’ and G”. The addition of GSH reduced dough strength indicated by the reduction in maximum resistance to extension (Rmax) and the ratio of maximum resistance to extensibility (Rmax/E). The reduction in Rmax across all relaxation times ranged from 16.2% to 59.4%. An increase in dough extension (E) was observed with 240×10-6 GSH at all frozen storage and rest period times. Addition of GSH caused an increase of liquid phase (30.6% to 35.3%) in fresh dough and frozen dough (10.3% to 20.7%) after one day frozen storage. Negative correlations of water content in the solid phase with dough extensibility and area under the extensibility curve were found (r=-0.594 and-0.563, respectively, p<0.001). This suggests a loss of dough extensibility and strength as the water holding capacity of the dough components changes during frozen storage.
文摘为探究麦芽糖醇代替蔗糖在冷冻馒头面团中应用的可行性,采用0%(S100-M0)、25%(S75-M25)、50%(S50-M50)、75%(S25-M75)、100%(S0-M100)(质量分数)的麦芽糖醇替代蔗糖制作冷冻面团,对面团水分迁移、流变学、熔融特性以及馒头色泽、质构、挥发性风味物质的变化进行分析。结果表明,添加麦芽糖醇后,冷冻面团解冻损失率显著降低;水分流动性显示,S50-M50、S25-M75处理组的冷冻面团结合水含量较高,水分流动性较低;熔融特性表明,S25-M75具有最低的热焓值ΔH和可冻结水含量(F_(w));频率扫描显示,S75-M25、S50-M50、S25-M75处理组提高了面团的黏弹性。冷冻面团蒸制后,糖醇处理的馒头自由水含量下降;S50-M50、S25-M75处理组呈现较稳定的色泽品质;S75-M25、S0-M100处理组的硬度、咀嚼性显著增加;GC-MS结果显示,5种处理组共测出14个香气成分,利用投影变量重要性因子(variable importance in projection,VIP)从所有处理组中筛选出27个差异香气物质对馒头进行区分,并将5个处理组的馒头聚为三类,其中S75-M25、S50-M50、S25-M75这3组归为一类,具有较高度的相似性。综上,S75-M25、S50-M50对冷冻面团特性及馒头品质具有较优的保护效果,该结果可为麦芽糖醇在冷冻面制品中的应用提供理论参考。
