Analysis of Factors Influencing Pregnancy Rate in Frozenthawed Embryo Transfer

Objective To analyse factors influencing the outcome of frozen-thawed embryo transfer （FET）. Method A retrospective analysis was performed in our center on 129 thawing cycles from March 2001 to April 2003. The related parameters were compared between conceived and non-conceived cycles. Results There were totally 129 clinical pregnancies in these transfers （pregnancy rate： 27.1%）. Frozen-thawed embryos were transferred to natural cycles and CC cycling and hormone replacement treatment had equal success. Groups of IVF and ICSI did not differ significantly in pregnancy rates （P〉0.05）. The pregnancy rates for one, two, three and four pre-embryos transfer were 0, 20.0%,44.1% and 75.0%, respectively （P〈0.05）. There were statistical differences between pregnancy group or non- pregnancy group in the endometrial thickness, CES, CES/No. of embryo. A higher pregnancy rate was observed in embryo transfers which had at least one 4-cell grade I embryo （d 2）（P〈0.01）. Conclusions The most important factors influencing the implantation rate and pregnancy rate of frozen-thawed embryo transfer are age, endometrium thickness, and the number, morphology and growth rate of transferred frozen embryos of women participants.

Artificial Cycle with or without a Depot Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Agonist for Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer： An Assessment of Infertility Type that Is Most Suitable

The clinical outcomes of five groups of infertility patients receiving frozen- thawed, cleavage-stage embryo transfers with exogenous hormone protocols with or without a depot gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） agonist were assessed. A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on 1003 cycles undergoing frozen-thawed, cleavage-stage embryo transfers from January 1, 2012 to June 31, 2015 in the Reproductive Medicine Center of Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Region. Based on the infertility etiologies of the patients, the 1003 cycles were divided into five groups： tubal infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS）, endometriosis, male infertility, and unexplained infertility. The main outcome was the live birth rate. Two groups were set up based on the intervention： group A was given a GnRH agonist with exogenous estrogen and progesterone, and group B （control group） was given exogenous estrogen and progesterone only. The results showed that the baseline serum hormone levels and basic characteristics of the patients were not significantly different between groups A and B. The live birth rates in groups A and B were 41.67% and 29.29%, respectively （P〈0.05）. The live birth rates in patients with PCOS in groups A and B were 56.25% and 30.61%, respectively （P〈0.05）. The clinical pregnancy, implantation and on-going pregnancy rates showed the same trends as the live birth rates between groups A and B. The ectopic pregnancy rate was significantly lower in group A than in group B. We concluded that the live birth rate was higher and other clinical outcomes were more satisfactory with GnRH agonist co- treatment than without GnRH agonist co-treatment for frozen-thawed embryo transfer. The GnRH agonist combined with exogenous estrogen and progesterone worked for all types of infertility tested, especially for women with PCOS.

Shear strength of frozen clay under freezing-thawing cycles using triaxial tests

Using a new low-temperature dynamic triaxial apparatus, the influence law of freezing-thawing cycles on clay shear strength is studied. In this research, the concept of correction coefficients of freezing-thawing cycles on clay static strength, cohesion and internal friction angles is proposed, and the change patterns, correction curves and regressive formulae of clay static strength, cohesion and internal friction angles under freezing-thawing cycles are given. The test results indicate that with increasing numbers of freezing-thawing cycles, the clay static strength and cohesion decrease exponentially but the internal friction angle increases exponentially. The performance of static strength, cohesion and internal friction angles are different with increasing numbers of freezing-thawing cycles, i.e., the static strength decreases constantly until about 30% of the initial static strength prior to the freezing-thawing cycling and then stays basically stable. After 5-7 freezing-thawing cycles, the cohesion decreases gradually to about 70% of the initial cohesion. The internal friction angle increases about 20% after the first freezing-thawing cycle, then increases gradually close to a stable value which is an increase of about 40% of the internal friction angle. The freezing-thawing process can increase the variation of the density of the soil samples; therefore, strict density discreteness standards of frozen soil sample preparation should be established to ensure the reliability of the test results.

Determination of long-term strength of frozen loess after numerous freeze-thaw cycles

In order to determine the changing rule of long-term frozen soil strength and elucidate the connection between long-term strength and soil physical properties,frozen loess was subjected to 4,6,8,10,and 50 freeze-thaw cycles,under closed-state conditions in a constant-temperature box.The frozen samples were tested on a spherical template indenter,and the results show that under the effect of repeated freeze-thaw cycles,the long-term strength of frozen loess decreased; changes in the mechanical property indices were highly unstable during the first 10 cycles; the soil strength and density were the greatest at the eighth cycle while the void ratio was the smallest; and after eight cycles all of the indices had less fluctuation and certain rising or falling tendencies.By converting the number of freeze-thaw cycles into elapsed time in the tests,three different forecasting methods of long-term soil strength could be assessed and the soil equivalent cohesive force after 10 years,20 years,or 30 years could be estimated.

Improvement of Live Birth Rate Following Frozen-Thawed Blastocyst Transfer by Combination of Prednisolone Administration and Stimulation of Endometrium Embryo Transfer

The endometrial condition is a significant factor for successful pregnancy. To regulate endometrial function in fertility treatment, prednisolone (PSL) is administered for suppression of increased natural killer cells and stimulation of endometrium embryo transfer (SEET) to enhance communication between embryo and maternal tissues. We attempted to improve the endometrial condition by PSL administration and SEET during frozen–thawed blastocyst transfer (FBT). Patients took PSL (5 mg) 3 times daily for 3 days after ovulation during the FBT cycle. To analyse effects of PSL combined with SEET, we determined rates of chemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, foetal heart movement (FHM) and live birth. Rates of chemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy and FHM were significantly higher in the PSL(+)/SEET(+) (57.7%, 50.0% and 46.2%, respectively) and PSL(+)/SEET(-) (53.3%, 46.7% and 46.7%, respectively) groups than in the PSL(-)/SEET(+) (30.3%, 18.2% and 18.2%, respectively) and PSL(-)/SEET(-) (22.4%, 22.4% and 18.4%;P = 0.0043, 0.0081 and 0.0055, respectively) groups. The live birth rate was significantly higher in the PSL(+)/SEET(+) group than in the PSL(+)/SEET(-), PSL(-)/SEET(+) and PSL(-)/SEET(-) groups (42.3%, 26.7%, 18.2% and 12.2%, respectively;P = 0.0237). PSL combined with SEET may be a useful adjunct to assisted reproductive technology in women who repeatedly fail to conceive by infertility treatment.

Comparison of clinical outcomes of frozen-thawed blastocysts transfer in natural and hormonally controlled cycles

Objectives:To assess the clinical outcomes of frozen-thawed blastocysts transfer in natural and hormonally controlled cycles.Methods:A retrospective analysis of natural and hormonally controlled cycle for 246 frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles,the clinical pregnancy rate,implantation rate,early abortion rate were compared.Results:Of the 192 hormonally controlled cycles,the cancel rate,clinical pregnancy rate per ET,implantation rate and abortion rate were 7.3%(14/192),53.9%(96/178),38.8%(131/338)and 11.5%(11/96)respectively,whereas in 54 natural cycles,these rates were 16.7%(9/54),68.9%(31/45),52.9%(45/85)and 16.1%(5/31)respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to the clinical pregnancy and abortion rate per ET,but the cancel rate and implantation rate were higher in natural cycles.However,the pregnancy and implantation rates of patients without PCOS in hormonal control cycles(57.2%,40.9%)were similar with those in natural cycles(P>0.05).Conclusion:These findings suggested that both hormonally controlled and natural cycles had similar pregnancy outcomes in frozen-thawed blastocysts transfer.

Effects of Storage Temperature on the Effective Activity of Straw Frozen Semen after Thawing

The aim was to discuss the optimal storage environment and proper insemination time after thawing of 0.25 mL straw frozen semen. Straw frozen semen was thawed at 40 ℃ for 20 s, and then stored at 0 -4 ℃, 14 - 16 ℃, 25 -27 ℃ for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h, respectively. The sperm motility was detected. After thawing, semen was stored at 0 - 4 ℃ and 14 - 16 ℃ for 10 h. Their sperm motilities （0.434 ±0. 016 7 and 0.423 ±0.019 6） had no significant differences （P 〉 0.05） with initial thawing motility （0.441 ± 0.030）. Sperm motility reduced as the storage time prolonged at 25 -27 ℃. Sperm motility after 6 h had signifi- cant differences with that of initial thawing motility （P 〈 O. 05 ）, and sperm motilities after 8 and 10 h showed extremely significant differences （P 〈 0.01 ）. Thus, sperm motility after thawing was still very high after stored at 0 -4 ℃ and 14 - 16 ℃ within 10 h, which met the requirements for insemination. Under this temperature and time ranges, sperm could be carried over long distances, which had small effects on sperm quality and reached the expected insemination effects. However, under the temperature of 25 - 27 ℃, semen should be used for insemination within 6 h after thawing.

冻融优质单囊胚移植失败后重复周期胚胎移植策略的探讨

目的探讨冻融优质单囊胚移植失败后重复周期的胚胎移植策略。方法回顾性分析2018年7月至2022年10月在我中心进行冻融优质单囊胚移植后重复周期治疗患者的临床资料,共887个周期。根据患者年龄不同分为<35岁组(568个周期)和≥35岁组(319个周期),每组又根据胚胎移植情况分为5个亚组:单优囊组(移植冻融优质单囊胚)、双优囊组(移植冻融优质双囊胚)、优+非优囊组(移植冻融优质+非优质双囊胚)、双非优囊组(移植冻融非优质双囊胚)及双优卵裂组(移植冻融双卵裂胚)。比较各组患者的基础资料及妊娠结局。结果<35岁组中单优囊组、双优囊组、优+非优囊组、双非优囊组及双优卵裂组患者的年龄、基础FSH、移植日内膜厚度等基础资料比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05);单优囊组的临床妊娠率显著低于其他4组(60.41%vs.77.08%、72.73%、69.74%、70.83%,P<0.05),活产率亦显著低于其他4组(49.80%vs.68.75%、61.82%、59.21%、61.11%,P<0.05),双优卵裂组的多胎妊娠率显著高于单优囊组(38.24%vs.1.35%,P<0.05),但显著低于双优囊组(67.57%)、优+非优囊组(57.50%)及双非优囊组(56.60%)(P<0.05)。≥35岁组中各亚组的基础资料亦无显著性差异(P>0.05);各亚组间的临床妊娠率、活产率、流产率比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05),但单优囊组的多胎妊娠率显著低于其他4组(0.00%vs.33.33%、29.17%、20.59%、15.00%,P<0.05)。结论对于接受冻融优质单囊胚移植后行重复周期治疗的不孕患者,冻融胚胎移植策略的选择需要综合权衡。年龄≥35岁的患者,5种胚胎移植策略获得的临床结局相近,可以根据患者实际情况进行选择;而年龄<35岁的患者,在没有条件进行冻融优质单囊胚移植时,也可以考虑冻融优质双卵裂胚移植策略,但其后续多胎妊娠率风险较高,仍需要关注。

多囊卵巢综合征患者冻融胚胎移植周期妊娠结局的影响因素分析

目的探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者冻融胚胎移植(FET)周期妊娠结局的影响因素。方法回顾性分析882个FET周期PCOS患者的资料,根据患者的妊娠结局分为未着床组(A组)、流产组(B1组)和活产组(B2组)。比较这三组患者的临床资料和实验室指标,并使用有序Logistic回归分析冻融胚胎移植后妊娠结局的影响因素。再按照获取优质囊胚数的百分位数(0~3、4~6、7~10、≥11个)将患者分为C1、C2、C3、C4组,比较不同优质囊胚数组患者的临床资料及实验室相关指标。结果882个PCOS患者移植周期的临床妊娠率71.09%(627/882),活产率61.68%(544/882),流产率13.24%(83/627)。单因素分析显示,在A、B1和B2这三组的比较中,体质量指数(BMI)、不孕类型、注射人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)日雌二醇(E_(2))水平、获卵数和优质囊胚数之间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。对五项差异指标进行进一步多元Logistic回归分析显示,BMI(OR=1.046,95%CI:1.001~1.093,P=0.044)和有既往妊娠史(OR=1.417,95%CI:1.030~1.950,P=0.032)是PCOS患者成功妊娠的独立危险因素。A组与B2组比较:OR=0.920,95%CI:0.880~0.962,P=0.000;B1组与B2组比较:OR=0.923,95%CI:0.862~0.988,P=0.022;而优质囊胚数增多则是妊娠成功的独立保护因素。在优质囊胚数C1-C4这四组之间比较中,与其他三组相比,C4组的促性腺激素(Gn)总量最低,获卵数最多(P<0.05)。C4组的BMI、促卵泡生成素(FSH)和极低密度脂蛋白(vLDL)水平较C1组低,黄体生成素与促卵泡生成素(LH/FSH)比值比C1组高(P<0.05)。C4组与C3组相比,空腹胰岛素(FINS)和胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)值较低,与C2和C3组相比,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)水平较高(P<0.05)。结论BMI、既往妊娠史和优质囊胚数是预测PCOS患者FET周期妊娠结局的独立因素。优质囊胚数更多的患者在FET周期中具有更高的临床妊娠率。

催眠训练对冻融胚胎移植患者身心状态的影响研究

目的研究催眠训练对冻融胚胎移植(FET)患者焦虑、抑郁等身心状态的影响,探索心理干预在辅助生殖领域应用的可行性。方法195例FET患者,在周期治疗中各环节点均常规给予健康宣教和心理护理。入组患者移植日术前增加一堂约20 min的催眠训练课。比较所有FET患者催眠训练前后贝克抑郁量表(BDI)、贝克焦虑量表(BAI)评分,BDI分度,BAI分度,脉率,选择负性情绪词汇情况,选择正性情绪词汇情况。结果FET患者BDI评分由催眠训练前的(3.58±4.87)分下降至催眠训练后的(1.03±2.43)分,BAI评分由催眠训练前的(8.02±8.04)分下降至催眠训练后的(2.59±4.41)分(P<0.05)。催眠训练后,BDI分度为0~10分的患者占比97.95%与催眠训练前的91.28%相比较显著升高,11~45分的患者占比2.05%与催眠训练前的8.72%相比显著降低(P<0.05)。FET患者催眠训练后BAI分度为0~10分占比85.13%相较于催眠训练前的44.62%升高,11~20分的占比12.82%较催眠训练前的49.74%下降(P<0.05);催眠训练后21~30分、31~50分的占比也呈下降趋势,但由于样本量少,与催眠训练前相比无明显差异(P>0.05)。FET患者催眠训练后的脉率为(75.5±7.8)次/min较催眠训练前的(79.7±8.1)次/min显著下降,有明显差异(P<0.05)。催眠训练后选择负性情绪词汇人次明显减少,其中担心、紧张、焦虑、紧绷、心慌、烦躁、害怕、泄气、悲伤选择率分别为21.03%、9.23%、2.56%、8.21%、0、4.10%、6.67%、1.54%、0,均低于催眠训练前的76.41%、62.56%、34.87%、28.72%、23.59%、21.03%、17.95%、6.15%、5.13%,有明显差异(P<0.05);由于选择崩溃的人次较少,催眠训练前后数据无明显差异(P>0.05)。所列10个正性词汇中,催眠训练后有放松、平静、舒适、踏实、信心、温暖、安全、愉快选择率80.51%、78.97%、40.51%、36.41%、32.31%、22.05%、12.82%、21.03%,与催眠训练前的13.33%、26.15%、7.69%、6.67%、19.49%、6.67%、5.13%、12.82%比较,有明显差异(P<0.05);兴趣、希望选择率分别为1.54%、30.77%,与与催眠训练前的0、30.26%比较,无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论催眠训练能显著降低FET患者的焦虑抑郁水平,减少患者负性情绪,增加正性情绪,提升患者的身体、心理舒适度和就医感受,具有良好的应用推广价值。

基于细观结构演化的冻结砂岩热融软化规律研究

冻结岩石热融过程中强度会出现软化,是最易发生破坏的阶段。研究冻结岩石的热融软化规律对冻结地层解冻过程中的稳定性和安全性评价至关重要。本文开展了不同融化温度下冻结岩石的单轴压缩试验,在还原岩石孔隙结构及对细观参数进行精确标定的基础上,利用颗粒流软件(PFC^(2D))模拟了冻结岩石的压缩破坏过程。基于微裂纹起裂规律和微裂纹扩展规律分析,探讨了孔隙冰对冻结砂岩热融软化规律的控制作用。研究结果表明:(1)冻结岩石的强度、弹性模量等参数均随着温度的升高呈两阶段变化趋势,在-4℃至-2℃之间存在某一温度,使得试样的强度及变形参数发生骤降。(2)当温度低于-15℃时,微裂纹的起裂扩展主要由矿物颗粒之间的接触强度控制;当温度在-2℃和-15℃之间时,主要由冰颗粒之间和冰-矿物之间的接触强度控制;而当温度大于-2℃时,则主要由冰颗粒之间的接触强度控制。(3)通过分析孔隙冰在冻结岩石受荷破坏过程中所起的“支撑作用”和“黏结作用”,发现在-6℃至-4℃之间,冰颗粒之间黏结强度和冰-矿物黏结强度均迅速衰减,导致冰的支撑和黏结作用弱化,是该温度区间力学性质快速弱化的本质原因。

益气血补肝肾方对胚胎反复种植失败患者冻融胚胎移植周期妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨益气血补肝肾方对胚胎反复种植失败(RIF)患者冻融胚胎移植(FET)周期妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2023年6月在广州市第一人民医院生殖健康与不孕症专科行FET的120例RIF患者临床资料。患者月经周期规律,年龄25~35岁,按照FET前是否接受益气血补肝肾方治疗分为对照组和研究组,各60例;另选取同时期57例既往无胚胎移植史的FET患者作为正常组。3组均采用激素替代(HRT)方案准备内膜。研究组在准备内膜前先给予益气血补肝肾方3个月经周期(经后增殖方:煎成20 ml,制成颗粒剂10 g,1包/d,早晚分2次服用,月经干净后开始服用至排卵期;促黄体方:煎成20 ml,制成颗粒剂10 g,1包/d,早晚分2次服用,自排卵后开始服用至月经第1~3天停药)。比较3组患者内膜转化日子宫内膜厚度、血流搏动指数(PI)、动脉阻力指数(RI)、胚胎着床率和临床妊娠率。统计学方法采用单因素方差分析和χ^(2)检验。结果正常组和研究组子宫内膜厚度均高于对照组,PI、RI均低于对照组,3组子宫内膜厚度、PI、RI比较[(10.33±2.27)mm比(10.24±1.81)mm比(9.03±1.41)mm、(1.86±0.52)比(1.96±0.21)比(1.97±0.20)、(0.56±0.10)比(0.58±0.90)比(0.62±0.09)],差异均有统计学意义(F=8.40、6.08、6.89,均P<0.05)。正常组和研究组胚胎着床率、临床妊娠率均高于对照组,3组比较差异均有统计学意义[43.9%(43/98)比38.8%(40/103)比25.2%(26/103)、57.9%(33/57)比55.0%(33/60)比35.0%(21/60);χ^(2)=8.18、7.37,均P<0.05]。结论益气血补肝肾方可通过降低子宫内膜血流阻力指数和搏动指数,增加子宫内膜厚度,提高胚胎着床率和临床妊娠率,改善RIF患者FET周期妊娠结局。

黄体酮软胶囊不同给药方案用于激素替代冻融胚胎移植黄体支持的临床结局比较

目的比较黄体酮软胶囊不同给药方案进行激素替代冻融胚胎移植中黄体支持的临床疗效。方法对2019年1月至2021年12月期间在中南大学湘雅医院生殖中心行激素替代冻融胚胎移植的3845例患者临床数据进行回顾性分析,纳入的所有患者黄体支持均采用阴道用黄体酮软胶囊联合口服地屈孕酮治疗,根据阴道用黄体酮软胶囊不同用法将其划分为两组:A组每次使用200 mg,每日3次,共1858个周期;B组每次使用300 mg,每日2次,共1987个周期,评估两组的临床治疗效果。结果两组患者在年龄、不孕年限、体质量指数(BMI)、转化日子宫内膜厚度、转化日雌激素(E_(2))水平、转化日孕激素(P)水平、移植优胚占比等方面比较均无显著差异(P>0.05)。A、B两组患者的活产率分别是34.71%(645/1858)和36.39%(723/1987),而移植囊胚的临床妊娠率分别为52.3%(182/348)和55.37%(397/717),两组间比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)阳性率、流产率和异位妊娠率等两组间比较也均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论冻融胚胎移植激素替代周期中,采用两种不同剂量不同频次的阴道用黄体酮软胶囊治疗作为黄体支持,能够达到相似的临床疗效。

多囊卵巢综合征患者多原核合子的发生对冻胚移植结局的影响

目的比较多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)人群多原核(PN)合子的发生率对体外受精(IVF)周期胚胎发育情况及冻融胚胎移植(FET)结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2021年12月于南京医科大学附属妇产医院进行IVF治疗的2665例患者资料。根据不孕原因分为PCOS组(N=1295)和对照组(N=1370),比较两组多PN发生率。在PCOS组中进一步仅纳入全胚冷冻并进行FET的患者,排除失访或未到分娩日期的患者,最终纳入999例PCOS患者,根据受精情况分为三个亚组:2PN组547例,低比例多PN组(多PN率≤20%)414例,高比例多PN组(多PN率>20%)38例,比较三个亚组的临床结局。结果PCOS组多PN率高于对照组(P<0.05)。低比例多PN组基础AMH、获卵数、IVF卵子数高于2PN组(P<0.05),可移植胚胎数、囊胚形成率、优质囊胚数低于2PN组(P<0.05),生化妊娠率和活产率低于2PN组(P<0.05)。高比例多PN组获卵数、IVF卵子数低于低比例多PN组(P<0.05),可移植胚胎数、囊胚形成率、优质囊胚数低于2PN组和低比例多PN组(P<0.05),生化妊娠率和活产率低于2PN组和低比例多PN组(P<0.05)。各组间胚胎种植率和临床妊娠率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论行FET的PCOS患者多PN发生会降低胚胎质量,影响生化妊娠率和活产率。

短时冻融条件下残积土与冻融界面抗剪强度衰减规律对比分析

为了分析短时冻融对浅层边坡稳定性造成的影响,揭示短时冻融条件下残积土和冻融界面抗剪强度损伤规律,通过盐水降低冰点实现冻融界面,进行不同冻融条件下快剪试验。试验结果表明:冻融主要损伤发生在前3次冻融循环过程中,含水率为21.5%时损伤最大,残积土和冻融界面的黏聚力损伤分别为41%和22%,内摩擦角为14%和10%,约占趋于稳定时的85%。黏聚力的损伤程度大于内摩擦角,且随含水率的增大而增大。冻融循环对残积土和冻融界面的强度及强度指标的影响差异随含水率增大、循环次数增加、冷端温度增大而增大。冻融作用对残积土的强度指标损伤程度均较冻融界面大,且强度指标均随着冻融次数增多呈指数衰减趋势。

地铁联络通道冻结壁冻融灾害效应及其平均温度预测

冻结法因具有施工方便、强度高、防水效果好及对土体扰动小等优点在软土地区地铁联络通道施工中获得广泛应用。冻结壁平均温度作为衡量冻结效果的重要参数之一,其解析公式求解较为复杂,在实际工程中难以应用。建立了包括冻结管断裂灾害、隧道收敛变形灾害、冻结帷幕收敛变形灾害、冻结帷幕透水灾害和融沉灾害的地铁联络通道冻结壁冻融灾害链式效应机制,并考虑多种布管方案,采用冻结壁平均温度等效梯形法建立完整数据集,利用神经网络的高度非线性特征,建立能同时预测单排、双排和多排(n>3)布管形式下冻结壁平均温度的神经网络预测模型。研究结果表明,基于完整数据集构建的冻结壁平均温度神经网络预测模型能有效地反映不同冻结管布置参数和冻结壁厚度等参数与冻结壁平均温度之间的关系;冻结壁平均温度均随冻结管排数和冻结壁厚度增大而逐渐降低,随盐水温度、冻结管间距和排距增大而逐渐升高。

冻融循环对季冻土区粉质黏土-混凝土界面剪切性能的影响

为探究季冻土区粉质黏土-混凝土界面剪切性能,进行了不同冻融循环次数、土体含水率和法向应力的粉质黏土-混凝土二元体冻融循环试验和直剪试验,探讨了界面抗剪强度、抗剪强度参数和抗剪强度损伤度的变化规律。结果表明:直剪试验得到的应力-应变曲线均发生应变硬化现象,可分为弹性变形阶段(剪切位移为0~3 mm)和弹塑性变形阶段(剪切位移为4~15 mm);冻融循环对界面抗剪强度有劣化作用,即通过对土体造成损伤,导致界面内摩擦角和黏聚力下降,从而降低界面抗剪强度;随着冻融循环次数增加,界面抗剪强度损伤度增加,当冻融循环进行0、4次,抗剪强度损伤迅速,冻融循环进行12~20次,抗剪强度损伤较缓,最大界面抗剪强度损伤度为25%;土体含水率的增加对抗剪强度有削弱作用,随着土体含水率的增加,界面内摩擦角降低,但黏聚力先增加后减小,当土体含水率为20.7%时,黏聚力达到最大值;法向应力的增加对抗剪强度有增强作用。

冻融胚胎移植中舌象和脉象指标与活产结局的相关性研究

目的探讨冻融胚胎移植(FET)患者舌象和脉象指标与活产结局的相关性,及其与患者内分泌指标的关联性。方法本研究于2021年3月8日-2022年1月5日在上海中医药大学附属曙光医院生殖医学中心进行。根据活产结局将FET患者分为活产组和非活产组。分析两组的内分泌指标[基础促卵泡生成素(b FSH)、基础促黄体生成素(b LH)、基础雌二醇(bE_(2))、基础孕酮(bP)、基础子宫内膜厚度、内膜转换日促卵泡生成素(FSH)、内膜转换日促黄体生成素(LH)、内膜转换日雌二醇(E_(2))、内膜转换日孕酮(P)、内膜转换日子宫内膜厚度]与舌象和脉象指标[舌质(TB)-L,TB-a,TB-b,舌苔(TC)-L,TC-a,TC-b,perAll,perPart,h_(1),h_(4),h_(5),t_(1),h_(1)/t_(1),h_(4)/h_(1)]之间的差异,并用Spearman相关系数分析以上变量之间的相关性。采用多元logistic回归分析方法,筛选基于不同数据集的活产预测模型中的影响因素,包括仅由内分泌指标组成的模型1、仅由舌象和脉象指标组成的模型2、由舌象和脉象指标以及内分泌指标组成的模型3,并对不同数据集模型的有效性进行评价。结果研究纳入活产组78例,非活产组144例。与非活产组相比,活产组的TB-L(P=0.01)和TB-a(P=0.04)升高,b FSH(P=0.01)、perAll(P=0.04)和h_(4)/h_(1) P=0.03]降低。Spearman相关分析显示,活产组的TB-L、TB-b、TC-L、TC-b、perAll、perPart、h_(4)、h_(5)、t_(1)、h_(1)/t_(1)与b FSH、bLH、基础子宫内膜厚度、内膜转换日LH、内膜转换日E_(2)、内膜转换日P、内膜转换日子宫内膜厚度的相关性均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元logistic回归分析显示,模型3[曲线下面积(AUC):0.917,95%置信区间(CI):0.863-0.971,P<0.001]优于模型1(AUC:0.698,95%CI:0.593-0.803,P=0.001)和模型2(AUC:0.790,95%CI:0.699-0.880,P<0.001)。将舌象和脉象指标与内分泌指标相结合,建立活产结局的回归方程,最终纳入以下指标:内膜转换日FSH[比值比(OR):0.523,P=0.025]、内膜转换日LH(OR:1.277;P=0.029)、TB-L(OR:2.401,P=0.001)、perPart(OR:1.018,P=0.013)、h_(1)(OR:0.065,P=0.021)、t_(1)(OR:4.354,P=0.024)、h_(4)/h_(1)(OR:0.018,P=0.016)。结论在接受FET治疗的不孕症患者中,舌象和脉象指标与内分泌指标之间存在相关性。舌象和脉象指标的加入显著提高了模型对活产结局的预测能力。具体而言,舌象和脉象指标TB-L、PerPart、h_(1)、t_(1)和h_(4)/h_(1)与最终的活产结局有明显的相关性。

拮抗剂方案新鲜胚胎移植和冻融胚胎移植临床结局比较

目的 比较拮抗剂方案中行新鲜胚胎移植和冻融胚胎移植的临床结局。方法 回顾性分析2575例患者行拮抗剂方案助孕的临床资料,其中鲜胚移植周期1328例,冻胚移植周期1247例。结果冻胚移植组的血清AMH值、AFC显著高于鲜胚移植组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余基础资料无统计学差异(P>0.05)。冻胚移植组hCG日FSH低于鲜胚移植组,E2、P高于鲜胚移植组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。冻胚移植组的获卵数、成熟卵子数、优质胚胎数均显著高于鲜胚组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。冻胚移植组的移植胚胎数显著低于鲜胚移植组,临床妊娠率、着床率、活产率显著高于鲜胚移植组,异位妊娠率、多胎妊娠率显著低于鲜胚移植组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组的中重度OHSS发生率、流产率、妊娠期糖尿病发生率、妊娠期高血压发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。冻胚移植组的单胎出生体重显著高于鲜胚移植组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 拮抗剂方案中冻胚移植亦可获得较好的临床结局,可作为一种有效的补充方案。

经皮雌二醇凝胶在血栓前状态患者冻融胚胎移植中的应用

目的探讨经皮雌二醇凝胶在血栓前状态患者激素替代周期(HRT)冻融胚胎移植(FET)中的应用价值。方法选取2021年2月至2023年2月在郑州大学第二附属医院生殖医院行HRT-FET助孕的血栓前状态患者68例为研究对象,其中采用经皮雌二醇凝胶进行内膜准备者为研究组(n=32),采用口服芬吗通进行内膜准备者为对照组(n=36),两组均在胚胎移植后给予低分子肝素治疗。比较两组HRT情况和FET妊娠结局,并比较同组胚胎移植前、移植后14 d以及组间移植后14 d的纤维蛋白原(FIB)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)及D-二聚体(D-D)水平。结果研究组孕酮转化日子宫内膜厚度及A型子宫内膜比例显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者间移植胚胎数、移植优胚率、HCG阳性率比较均无显著差异(P>0.05),研究组临床妊娠率显著高于对照组(65.63%vs.41.67%,P<0.05),研究组早期流产率较对照组有所减低(9.38%vs.16.67%)但无显著差异(P>0.05)。两组患者胚胎移植后14 d的FIB及D-D水平均显著低于移植前(P<0.01),且胚胎移植后14 d研究组D-D及FIB水平显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论在血栓前状态患者HRT-FET周期中,与口服芬吗通比较,采用经皮给药的方式更能降低血栓前状态风险,提高子宫内膜容受性,改善助孕结局。因此针对这类患者,建议选择经皮雌激素进行内膜准备,并辅以肝素对症处理。