Fruitlet Core Rot (FCR) is one of the major postharvest diseases of pineapple (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ananas comosus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;...Fruitlet Core Rot (FCR) is one of the major postharvest diseases of pineapple (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ananas comosus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> var. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">comosus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), especially on the prone variety Queen Victoria cultivated in Reunion Island. This aggressive disease is generally due to two pathogens: </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Fusarium ananatum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Thalaromyces stolii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, and needs to be controlled during postharvest. In Reunion Island, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">F. ananatum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is the principal causal agent impacting fruit exportation. Fruit produced for the export market is generally treated with chemicals. This type of postharvest treatment is not in line with consumer expectations, as consumers prefer fruits treated with nonharmful and natural products. The objective of this work was to study alternative postharvest treatments using the fungitoxic properties of essential oils and their ability to elicit the resistance mechanisms of the fruit. Six EAs were tested </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> on mycelial growth of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">F. ananatum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Whether by volatilization or included in the culture medium, some essential oils such as thymol, eugenol, geraniol and the carvone/menthol mixture have a strong fungistatic effect. But only thymol has a fungitoxic effect. The thymol, a natural molecule synthesized by thyme (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Thymus vulgaris</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">thymoliferum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) is the more effective </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and is the strongest potential to be used in postharvest treatment. Thymol, prepared at 0.025% in a terpene solvent that acts as a penetrating agent, was tested </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vivo</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> with inoculated fruits. The treatment was effective only on necrosis development from the upper part of the fruits. Pineapple polyphenol biosynthesis appears to have been suppressed by thymol treatment. Results and opportunities for this treatment are discussed. Additional experiments must be carried out in order to decide on the advisability of this type of treatment.</span>展开更多
Small auxin up RNA(SAUR) is a large gene family that is widely distributed among land plants. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the SAUR family was performed in sweet cherry, and the potential biological func...Small auxin up RNA(SAUR) is a large gene family that is widely distributed among land plants. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the SAUR family was performed in sweet cherry, and the potential biological functions of PavSAUR55 were identified using the method of genetic transformation. The sweet cherry genome encodes 86 SAUR members, the majority of which are intron-less. These genes appear to be divided into seven subfamilies through evolution. Gene duplication events indicate that fragment duplication and tandem duplication events occurred in the sweet cherry. Most of the members mainly underwent purification selection pressure during evolution. During fruit development, the expression levels of Pav SAUR16/45/56/63 were up-regulated, and conversely, those of Pav SAUR12/61were down-regulated. Due to the significantly differential expressions of PavSAUR13/16/55/61 during the fruitlet abscission process, they might be the candidate genes involved in the regulation of physiological fruit abscission in sweet cherry. Overexpression of PavSAUR55 in Arabidopsis produced earlier reproductive growth, root elongation, and delayed petal abscission. In addition, this gene did not cause any change in the germination time of seeds and was able to increase the number of lateral roots under abscisic acid(ABA) treatment. The identified SAURs of sweet cherry play a crucial role in fruitlet abscission and will facilitate future insights into the mechanism underlying the heavy fruitlet abscission that can occur in this fruit crop.展开更多
文摘Fruitlet Core Rot (FCR) is one of the major postharvest diseases of pineapple (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ananas comosus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> var. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">comosus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), especially on the prone variety Queen Victoria cultivated in Reunion Island. This aggressive disease is generally due to two pathogens: </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Fusarium ananatum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Thalaromyces stolii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, and needs to be controlled during postharvest. In Reunion Island, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">F. ananatum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is the principal causal agent impacting fruit exportation. Fruit produced for the export market is generally treated with chemicals. This type of postharvest treatment is not in line with consumer expectations, as consumers prefer fruits treated with nonharmful and natural products. The objective of this work was to study alternative postharvest treatments using the fungitoxic properties of essential oils and their ability to elicit the resistance mechanisms of the fruit. Six EAs were tested </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> on mycelial growth of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">F. ananatum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Whether by volatilization or included in the culture medium, some essential oils such as thymol, eugenol, geraniol and the carvone/menthol mixture have a strong fungistatic effect. But only thymol has a fungitoxic effect. The thymol, a natural molecule synthesized by thyme (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Thymus vulgaris</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">thymoliferum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) is the more effective </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and is the strongest potential to be used in postharvest treatment. Thymol, prepared at 0.025% in a terpene solvent that acts as a penetrating agent, was tested </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vivo</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> with inoculated fruits. The treatment was effective only on necrosis development from the upper part of the fruits. Pineapple polyphenol biosynthesis appears to have been suppressed by thymol treatment. Results and opportunities for this treatment are discussed. Additional experiments must be carried out in order to decide on the advisability of this type of treatment.</span>
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32272649)the Core Program of Guizhou Education Department,China(KY 2021-038).
文摘Small auxin up RNA(SAUR) is a large gene family that is widely distributed among land plants. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the SAUR family was performed in sweet cherry, and the potential biological functions of PavSAUR55 were identified using the method of genetic transformation. The sweet cherry genome encodes 86 SAUR members, the majority of which are intron-less. These genes appear to be divided into seven subfamilies through evolution. Gene duplication events indicate that fragment duplication and tandem duplication events occurred in the sweet cherry. Most of the members mainly underwent purification selection pressure during evolution. During fruit development, the expression levels of Pav SAUR16/45/56/63 were up-regulated, and conversely, those of Pav SAUR12/61were down-regulated. Due to the significantly differential expressions of PavSAUR13/16/55/61 during the fruitlet abscission process, they might be the candidate genes involved in the regulation of physiological fruit abscission in sweet cherry. Overexpression of PavSAUR55 in Arabidopsis produced earlier reproductive growth, root elongation, and delayed petal abscission. In addition, this gene did not cause any change in the germination time of seeds and was able to increase the number of lateral roots under abscisic acid(ABA) treatment. The identified SAURs of sweet cherry play a crucial role in fruitlet abscission and will facilitate future insights into the mechanism underlying the heavy fruitlet abscission that can occur in this fruit crop.
