Electromagnetic Design of a Switched Reluctance Motor With Segmental Rotors and Full-pitch Windings

整距绕组分块转子开关磁阻电机具有高速运行时低风（油）阻和低铁心损耗等优点，特别适合用于航天航空驱动系统。根据整距绕组分块转子开关磁阻电机的基本工作原理，结合输出功率与平均转矩的关系，将绕组电流等效为方波，推导出了整距绕组分块转子开关磁阻电机的主体尺寸计算公式；基于电机定转子未对齐位置和对齐位置的电磁特性，以及整距绕组分块转子开关磁阻电机的电磁特点，确定了定、转子极弧系数选取的规则；同时分析了绕组匝数等主要尺寸的选取的规则；最后，基于上述方法优化设计了一台实验样机，并通过有限元仿真及实验验证了整距绕组分块转子开关磁阻电机的电磁设计方法的正确性。

Optimization of hydrothermal synthesis of H-ZSM-5 zeolite for dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether using full factorial design

H-ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The effects of different synthesis parameters, such as hydrothermal crystallization temperature （170-190 ℃） and Si/A1 molar ratio （100-150）, on the catalytic performance of the dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether （DME） over the synthesized H-ZSM-5 zeolite were studied. The catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, NH3-TPD, TGA/DTA, and SEM techniques. The full factorial design of experiments was applied to the synthesis of H-ZSM-5 zeolite and the effects of synthesis conditions and their interaction on the yield of DME as the response variable were determined. Analysis of variance showed that two variables and their interaction significantly affected the response. According to the experimental results, the optimized catalyst prepared at 170℃ with the Si/A1 molar ratio of 100 showed the best catalytic performance among the tested H-ZSM-5 zeolite.

Artificial Neural Network and Full Factorial Design Assisted AT-MRAM on Fe Oxides, Organic Materials, and Fe/Mn Oxides in Surficial Sediments

Artificial neural network（ANN） and full factorial design assisted atrazine（AT） multiple regression adsorption model（AT-MRAM） were developed to analyze the adsorption capability of the main components in the surficial sediments（SSs）. Artificial neural network was used to build a model（the determination coefficient square r2 is 0.9977） to describe the process of atrazine adsorption onto SSs, and then to predict responses of the full factorial design. Based on the results of the full factorial design, the interactions of the main components in SSs on AT adsorption were investigated through the analysis of variance（ANOVA）, F-test and t-test. The adsorption capability of the main components in SSs for AT was calculated via a multiple regression adsorption model（MRAM）. The results show that the greatest contribution to the adsorption of AT on a molar basis was attributed to Fe/Mn（–1.993 μmol/mol）. Organic materials（OMs） and Fe oxides in SSs are the important adsorption sites for AT, and the adsorption capabilities are 1.944 and 0.418 μmol/mol, respectively. The interaction among the non-residual components（Fe, Mn oxides and OMs） in SSs interferes in the adsorption of AT that shouldn’t be neglected, revealing the significant contribution of the interaction among non-residual components to controlling the behavior of AT in aquatic environments.

Boron Removal by Electrocoagulation Using Full Factorial Design

Saline waters treatment has become increasingly important for drinking water supply in a greater part of the world. However, some serious limitations had recently been discovered during water treatment, among them the boron problem seems to have a critical meaning. According to the WHO regulations (2011), the boron concentration should be reduced to less than 2.4 mg/L for drinking water. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of electrocoagulation (EC) as a pretreatment process to remove boron from saline waters. To optimize the experimental conditions of boron removal, the effects of some parameters were studied such as inter-electrode distance (die), electrode connection mode, (S/V) ratio, pHi and initial conductivity of the solution (σi). Subsequently, an experimental design methodology was implemented to evaluate statistically the most significant operating parameters. The effects of current density, EC time and initial boron concentration and their mutual interaction were investigated using 23 full factorial design. At optimal conditions, boron removal from synthetic aqueous solutions containing initial boron concentrations of 5 and 50 mg/L reached 81% and 79%, respectively. Applied to boron removal from seawater samples, EC reduces boron concentration to less to 2.4 mg/L with excessive energy consumption under optimal parameters.

Reliability-Based Full-Life Cycle Optimum Design of Offshore Jacket Platform

Based on the consideration of operation environment and structural property, an optimum design model of offshore jacket platform is developed in this paper, namely, the reliability-based full-life cycle optimum design model. In this model, the time-dependent reliability assessment method for structural members is established by combination of the decrease of sectional size and performance deterioration of material. The initial investment, maintenance cost and failure loss cost are assembled into the model. The total cost of the platform structure system in its full service period is chosen as the objective function, and the initial reliabilities of the layer elements partitioned in advance are taken as the design variables. Different models are obtained, depending on whether the system reliability constraint is considered or not. This optimum design model can result in the lowest full-life cost and the optimal initial layer reliability of an offshore jacket platform in the design of marine structures. The feasibility of this model is illustrated with an actual jacket platform in the Liaodong Gulf as an example.

Joint Transceiver Designs for Full-Duplex MIMO SWIPT Systems Based on MSE Criterion

For the simultaneous wireless information and power transfer(SWIPT), the full-duplex MIMO system can achieve simultaneous transmission of information and energy more efficiently than the half-duplex. Based on the mean-square-error(MSE) criterion, the optimization problem of joint transceiver design with transmitting power constraint and energy harvesting constraint is formulated. Next, by semidefinite relaxation(SDR) and randomization method, the SDRbased scheme is proposed. In order to reduce the complexity, the closed-form scheme is presented with some simplified measures. Robust beamforming is then studied considering the practical condition. The simulation results such as MSE versus signal-noise-ratio(SNR), MSE versus the iteration number, well prove the performance of the proposed schemes for the system model.

模拟集成电路设计课程实验项目驱动式教学改革

基于高校模拟集成电路设计课程实验项目分散且教学目标不明确,缺乏系统性和工程应用性,提出了项目驱动式教学改革。以与企业合作的工程项目为基础设立实验项目,并分解成由易及难的多个实验题目,分阶段、分步骤完成实验内容,最终完成模拟集成电路设计全流程实验,以“带隙基准电压源芯片全定制设计实验”为例阐述了实施步骤。课程实验项目采用驱动式教学加深了学生对课程内容的理解,有助于培养学生扎实的工程实践能力。

Reflection on Full Life Cycle Green Architectural Design of Passive Priority——Taking the Award Design of China Merchants Property 2013 Green Architectural Design Competition as an Example

In the China merchants property 2013 green architectural design competition,feature of this awardwinning program is the design method based on the principles of passive priority and comprehensive utilization of full life cycle. The passive priority can be achieved by building form derived from the simulation and analysis of wind environment,improvement of the building envelope insulation and the dehumidification of fresh air,the use of solar energy. The full life cycle utilization can be accomplished by the combination of exhibition and residents' leisure activities, and the integration with local cultural tradition, thereby improving energy efficiency and the utilization of the building.

海上高压气田无人井口平台集输工艺流程方案比选设计

针对某海上高压气田井口压力高、井口温度低、油品凝点高、节流后易出现水合物和出油管线容易冻堵的问题,结合不同生产井节流后的压力,设置不同压力体系井口加热器以满足流体输送要求。文章研究了两种不同高压气田无人平台工艺流程方案:加热器部分降压设计方案和全部降压设计方案,比较了两种方案的技术特点及经济性,最终推荐高压气田无人井口平台采用加热器部分降压设计的工艺流程方案。

基于多项式代理模型的车顶绝缘子背风侧沿面压力优化研究

高速气流下,车顶绝缘子背风侧出现低气压会使得闪络电压降低,影响列车安全运行,为了改善车顶绝缘子背风侧的低气压现象,使用代理模型对车顶绝缘子结构参数进行优化。在车顶绝缘子结构参数上选取了伞裙上、下倾角以及伞裙间距作为因子,以绝缘子背风侧沿面压力的最小值作为响应,采用全因子试验设计方法获取样本数据,并对因子的主效应和交互效应进行分析,在此基础上建立多项式代理模型,进一步得到最佳的结构参数,最后进行闪络试验验证其有效性。结果表明:伞裙上、下倾角的主效应与伞裙间距相比更加显著,各因子之间没有显著的交互效应;最佳参数:伞裙上、下倾角分别为8°和0°,伞裙间距为45mm,背风侧沿面压力最小值提高了25.62%,同时压力平均值提高了42.47%;在100m/s的风速条件下,车顶绝缘子的闪络电压提高了16.80%。研究结果可以为车顶绝缘子结构设计提供参考。

基于SOA架构的电炉企业财务与采购全链条数据管理平台设计

目前电炉企业财务和采购全链条业务数据管理平台没有对数据库进行实时更新处理,存在财务和采购业务数据管理整体耗时长、读取操作次数多和元数据迁移范围大的问题。提出基于SOA架构的财务与采购全链条业务数据管理平台设计,在SOA架构的基础上设计整体框架,并将平台划分财务与采购数据管理模块、采购数据基本信息管理模块、库存管理模块、采购信息查询模块以及用户登录系统模块五大模块。其次为加强数据管理效率,设计出数据处理软件系统,即可实现财务与采购全链条业务数据管理。实验表明,所提方法整体耗时短、读取操作次数少和元数据迁移范围小。

多能互补条件下水轮机转轮改造深化设计研究

为适应新型电力系统的多能互补需求,本文以李家峡水电站水轮机适用多能互补改造为研究对象,对多能互补系统中的常规水电站机组进行了深化设计研究,提出了水轮机改造深化设计理念,阐明了多能互补系统要求下机组的运行加权因子计算方法,并提出了机组改造深化设计的水力设计目标,为水轮机改造的深化设计提供了方向指导。根据水轮机改造深化设计后的水力模型试验表明:深化设计后的水轮机比前期改造的水轮机(未经过深化设计)在空化、压力脉动和叶片应力水平相当的情况下,有更高的水力模型额定效率和加权平均效率。深化设计后的水轮机不仅满足新型电力系统对水电站电能负荷调节能力的要求,而且机组的水力性能也得到了明显提升,可为类似水电站的水轮机改造设计提供借鉴。

文化综合体全时开放的公共空间设计研究——以深圳为例

全时开放公共空间设计是影响文化综合体公共空间层次和市民行为活动的重要因素,注重其设计质量对于城市公共空间和市民日常活动都具有重要意义。本文从公共活动的相关理论出发,探讨深圳文化综合体全时开放的公共空间承载市民活动的机制。从激活市民日常公共活动的角度,综合深圳市具有代表性的案例与实践,解析新趋势下文化综合体全时开放公共空间的具体设计方法,反思设计结果,提出了边界消隐、连接加强、尺度适宜、功能复合、流线立体、激发活力的设计策略。

液体火箭发动机可重复使用性设计技术分析

为适应可重复使用液体火箭发动机设计研制的需要,以航天飞机、猎鹰9号火箭和X-37B的动力系统为对象,开展了可重复使用液体火箭发动机关键设计技术研究。文献调研与工程研制经验相结合,从运维体系建设、核心件功能设计、成本化设计与控制等方面,分析了发动机可重复使用性设计方法,提出了关键技术难题。研究结果表明:发动机的深度变推力技术、多次启动技术、喷管大角度调节技术,以及故障诊断与监测技术等,是火箭顺利回收的基本保障技术;液体火箭发动机有着显著的高、低温,强振动工况,极端环境材料性能数据建库技术、寿命设计与控制技术、全寿命周期运营体系设计技术等是迫切需要解决的关键技术难题;以发动机的性能、可靠性、维修性、安全性和保障性发展的发动机成本限额设计技术将会成为解决发动机可重复使用性的高新技术。

小转弯曲线隧道TBM选型与掘进姿态调控方法

小转弯隧道施工时全断面隧道掘进机(full-section tunnel boring machine,TBM)的选型设计和掘进姿态控制具有特殊性,目前还缺乏通用的理论依据和指导方法。针对此问题,首先,对传统类型TBM小转弯选型进行研究,结合已有项目数据和几何模拟,确定传统类型TBM能适应的最小转弯半径。然后,对双盾敞开式TBM的推进系统和导向系统进行针对性设计,通过分析双盾敞开式TBM推进系统结构和实际施工,提出转弯时双盾敞开式TBM推进油缸内外侧行程差值的理论计算方法和施工过程中的姿态调控方法。最后,得出如下结论:1)当隧道转弯半径小于200 m时,敞开式TBM适应难度较大,需要采用双盾敞开式TBM;2)结合抚宁抽水蓄能电站项目实际施工情况,提出的双盾敞开式TBM的理论计算方法和姿态调控方法确保了转弯段隧道的轴线偏差在要求范围内。

混合概率信道下的全双工无人机中继轨迹优化

研究了固定翼无人机作为全双工移动中继,通过混合概率信道为源节点向目标节点转发数据的飞行轨迹优化设计,在满足源与目标通信任务量要求的情况下,最小化无人机飞行能耗。建立了跑道形和混合轨迹的两种最优化问题,该问题是非凸问题,难以求得闭式解,先将混合信道增益用平均信道增益代替,并利用泰勒展开求出中继和目标节点接收数据量的下界,以此化简约束,从而得到原问题的近似问题。利用遗传算法和内点法求解近似问题,给出跑道形和混合轨迹两种无人机轨迹设计。实验结果表明:跑道形轨迹在任何场景下均有较好的节能效果;在大任务量和源与目标距离较远时,混合轨迹节能效果好于直线和圆形轨迹。时间复杂度分析发现,遗传算法的复杂度小于内点法,更加适用于实时性要求高的场景。

设计驱动式创新引领卫星应用产业化发展

卫星应用产业正进入一个前所未有的变革时期,随着卫星通信、导航等需求的快速增长,通导遥技术如何与军、民两用市场更好地推广应用、消费级的卫星物联网新服务如何推动、如何更好地促进卫星应用产业化创新发展等一系列问题亟待解决,单纯依靠技术创新或者市场拉动能否形成更具差异化的行业品牌成为产业化创新发展需要深思的问题。文章针对卫星应用产业当前的发展现状,融入设计驱动创新的策略,融合两种传统创新路径的优势,为卫星应用产业化创新发展提供一定的借鉴思路。

基于云计算的全生命周期建筑工程设计阶段造价管理研究

针对某厂房建筑工程的造价管理现状及问题进行分析,结合云计算技术提出全生命周期建筑工程造价管理平台。结果表明,全生命周期造价管理下,总造价偏差波动范围较小,在运营阶段总造价偏差接近0。传统成本管理方法下,当设计阶段进度达到50%时,设计阶段造价偏差最大为0.06%;在设计阶段结束时的设计阶段造价偏差为0.04%。全生命周期造价管理方法下,设计阶段造价偏差接近0。研究表明,全生命周期建筑工程造价管理对策能够有效控制设计阶段的造价成本。

义棠煤业选煤厂重介工艺改造设计研究

为了提高义棠煤业选煤厂入洗能力、工艺适应能力及分选效率,根据入选原煤的特点、产品结构,制定了全粒级分选的重介工艺改造设计方案,并对设计特点等进行了介绍。通过工艺改造设计,选煤厂能够适应煤质变化,有效提高精煤产率,提升企业经济效益。

汽车横梁多步冲压成形全工序仿真分析及应用

为研究多步冲压成形CAD/CAE技术对汽车结构件成形性能的影响,运用UG软件与AutoForm软件对汽车横梁进行坯料的排样设计、工序件的定位设计以及全工序冲压成形仿真研究。研究结果表明,所设计的12道工序排样能够满足制件的多步冲压成形需求;对虚拟去除材料对应的工序后获得的工序进行全工序有限元仿真,获得了合格的分析结果;制件形面精度满足装配要求,且关键部位的尺寸偏差基本达到要求。