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A review of data-driven whole-life state of health prediction for lithium-ion batteries:Data preprocessing,aging characteristics,algorithms,and future challenges
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作者 Yanxin Xie Shunli Wang +3 位作者 Gexiang Zhang Paul Takyi-Aninakwa Carlos Fernandez Frede Blaabjerg 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第10期630-649,I0013,共21页
Lithium-ion batteries are the preferred green energy storage method and are equipped with intelligent battery management systems(BMSs)that efficiently manage the batteries.This not only ensures the safety performance ... Lithium-ion batteries are the preferred green energy storage method and are equipped with intelligent battery management systems(BMSs)that efficiently manage the batteries.This not only ensures the safety performance of the batteries but also significantly improves their efficiency and reduces their damage rate.Throughout their whole life cycle,lithium-ion batteries undergo aging and performance degradation due to diverse external environments and irregular degradation of internal materials.This degradation is reflected in the state of health(SOH)assessment.Therefore,this review offers the first comprehensive analysis of battery SOH estimation strategies across the entire lifecycle over the past five years,highlighting common research focuses rooted in data-driven methods.It delves into various dimensions such as dataset integration and preprocessing,health feature parameter extraction,and the construction of SOH estimation models.These approaches unearth hidden insights within data,addressing the inherent tension between computational complexity and estimation accuracy.To enha nce support for in-vehicle implementation,cloud computing,and the echelon technologies of battery recycling,remanufacturing,and reuse,as well as to offer insights into these technologies,a segmented management approach will be introduced in the future.This will encompass source domain data processing,multi-feature factor reconfiguration,hybrid drive modeling,parameter correction mechanisms,and fulltime health management.Based on the best SOH estimation outcomes,health strategies tailored to different stages can be devised in the future,leading to the establishment of a comprehensive SOH assessment framework.This will mitigate cross-domain distribution disparities and facilitate adaptation to a broader array of dynamic operation protocols.This article reviews the current research landscape from four perspectives and discusses the challenges that lie ahead.Researchers and practitioners can gain a comprehensive understanding of battery SOH estimation methods,offering valuable insights for the development of advanced battery management systems and embedded application research. 展开更多
关键词 Lithium-ion batteries Whole life cycle Aging mechanism Data-driven approach State of health Battery management system
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The Use of Life Cycle Management Principles in Biosystems Engineering: A Pragmatic Approach to Solving Agri-industrial Sustainability Problems 被引量:1
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作者 Israel S Dunmade 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)》 2012年第3期357-362,共6页
LCM (life cycle management) is a systematic approach, mindset and culture that considers economic, social, and environmental factors among other factors in the decision making process throughout various business or ... LCM (life cycle management) is a systematic approach, mindset and culture that considers economic, social, and environmental factors among other factors in the decision making process throughout various business or organizational decisions that affect both inputs and outputs of a product or service life cycle. It is a product, process, or activity management system aimed at minimizing environmental and socio-economic burdens associated with an organization's product or process during its entire life cycle and value chain. LCM's application is gaining wider acceptance both in the corporate and governmental organizations as an approach to reduce ecological footprints and to improve the sustainability of human activities. But where and how can it be used in agricultural engineering applications? This study highlights the potential areas of LCM application in agricultural and allied sectors and how it can be utilized. The study revealed that LCM tools such as design for environment and life cycle analysis can be used to evaluate the environmental impacts of-and to improve the products, equipment, and structures produced by biosystems engineers as well as the processes used to generate them. 展开更多
关键词 life cycle management biosystems engineering life cycle assessment design for environment social life cycleassessment life cycle costing enabling supply and infrastructure assessment.
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Review of Oil and Gas Development Life Cycle Project Management (LCPM)
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作者 Yongqin Yan Haohan Liu 《Engineering(科研)》 2016年第3期74-78,共5页
The effective implementation of the project management plays a core roll in avoiding bad project use effect and waste of funds, caused by asset management planning and design errors or equipment selection errors;meanw... The effective implementation of the project management plays a core roll in avoiding bad project use effect and waste of funds, caused by asset management planning and design errors or equipment selection errors;meanwhile, it can effectively improve the operational efficiency of enterprise assets, lower operating costs and save resources. In June 1974, A. Gordon published a paper “3L Economics Concept” as the starting point, on the “Building and Quantity Surveying”, which is organized by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors. In this paper, a review of domestic and foreign research, from 1974 to 2015, on the total life cycle management progress will be given, and then a comment on it will be established. After detailed investigation and analysis of related materials, we can draw a conclusion: the study of the oil and gas development project lifecycle management is just beginning now. Hence, building the whole life cycle planning index system in line with the characteristics of oil and gas development project is very necessary. 展开更多
关键词 PRoJECT life cycle management REVIEW
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System Safety Management of Whole Life Cycle of Chemical Process Unit
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作者 SANG Shansong LIU Xinshang 《International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management》 2020年第1期14-23,共10页
Guaranteeing the safety performance of chemical process units is the premise for the safety production of chemical enterprises.Only to have the system safety management of the whole life cycle of the process units can... Guaranteeing the safety performance of chemical process units is the premise for the safety production of chemical enterprises.Only to have the system safety management of the whole life cycle of the process units can operate the process systems under the state of controllable risk. 展开更多
关键词 whole life cycle of process unit SAFETY management
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Optimization Methodology of ESGB on Weights,Evaluation Rating,and Calculation of Carbon Emissions
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作者 Jiayi Su 《Journal of Architectural Research and Development》 2024年第6期30-39,共10页
To cope with climate change,the Chinese government took the lead in advocating the aim of a Carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.In China,the total carbon emission of the whole construction process in 202... To cope with climate change,the Chinese government took the lead in advocating the aim of a Carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.In China,the total carbon emission of the whole construction process in 2020 was about 5.08 billion tons of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),accounting for about 50.90%of the national carbon emission.Consequently,researchers come up with a series of standard assessments for green building optimization measures.Through analysis and comparison of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design(LEED),WELL Building Standard(WELL),Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method(BREEAM),and Evaluation Standard for Green Building(ESGB)standards,this study will draw conclusions on optimizing ESGB in terms of weighting,evaluation rating,and carbon emission calculations. 展开更多
关键词 LEED WELL BREEAm ESGB Green building optimization Building life cycle management system
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基于PHM技术的EOAS健康管理和故障预测系统研究
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作者 程亮 王少华 《铁道通信信号》 2024年第4期7-14,共8页
目前铁路电务部门主要依靠人工和机务故障报修系统的提报信息,对动车组司机操控信息分析系统(EOAS)车载设备进行维护,但无效及误报信息较多,无法满足当前车载设备的运用保障需求。针对该问题,基于故障预测与健康管理(PHM)技术,利用EOAS... 目前铁路电务部门主要依靠人工和机务故障报修系统的提报信息,对动车组司机操控信息分析系统(EOAS)车载设备进行维护,但无效及误报信息较多,无法满足当前车载设备的运用保障需求。针对该问题,基于故障预测与健康管理(PHM)技术,利用EOAS实时回传的车载设备运行数据和图像信息,通过通用故障建模、大数据技术、图像识别,智能分析运行状态变化,实现EOAS车载设备健康状态在线实时监测、关键部件的故障报警及预测、EOAS全生命周期的健康信息管理,为设备日常运用、维护和管理提供技术手段,实现精准和预防性维修,把当前被动的故障处理转变为故障预防管理。该系统投入运用后,对相关设备维护人员的知识储备、经验能力、熟练程度等要求大大降低;与原人工检测作业对比,检测耗时大幅缩短,有效提升电务部门的设备维护效率和质量,保障了车载设备的持续可靠运行。 展开更多
关键词 动车组司机操控信息分析系统 全生命周期 故障预测与健康管理 在线监测 图像识别 预防性维修
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Asset Life Cycle Management in Finnish Water Utilities
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作者 Riikka P. Rajala Jarmo J. Hukka 《Journal of Water Resource and Protection》 2018年第6期587-595,共9页
The aim of this paper is to improve the water industry asset life cycle management framework towards more resilient water services in Finland. This paper is based on a literature study and a web-based semi-structured ... The aim of this paper is to improve the water industry asset life cycle management framework towards more resilient water services in Finland. This paper is based on a literature study and a web-based semi-structured thematic interview, in which the Finnish water utility managers identified the current status of their utilities’ asset management. The water services professionals are extremely worried that, by and large, water and sewage networks are still deteriorating, although the networks are nowadays rehabilitated more systematically. The survey reveals that although most of the surveyed utilities have adopted several processes and sub-processes of asset management, and a few utilities are even using some asset management guides, as a whole a strategic approach to and a comprehensive framework for optimized management of physical assets are not practiced. Therefore the development and introduction of specific asset management guidelines should be considered. In order to support successful usage of the asset management framework, the basic concepts and principles of engineering asset management should be included in educational and professional development programs, in particular at the university level. 展开更多
关键词 FINNISH WATER UTILITIES Aging Infrastructure ASSET life cycle management Framework Regulation and ENFoRCEmENT
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Concept of Integrated Waste Management as Recoverable Resources in Product Cycle
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作者 Aleksandr Telizhenko Vadym Lukianykhin +4 位作者 Sergey Kuzmenko Elena Lukianykhina Elena Vishnitskaya Min Li Tatyana Shevchenko 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B)》 2012年第3期312-323,共12页
This paper presents a conceptual framework of integrated waste management which focuses on all stages of product life cycle. A mechanism of resource recovery motivating from waste in economic system (designers, produ... This paper presents a conceptual framework of integrated waste management which focuses on all stages of product life cycle. A mechanism of resource recovery motivating from waste in economic system (designers, producers, consumers, stakeholders in the field of disposal of the product) is suggested. The classification of institutional and economic instruments in the field of waste management as recoverable resources is developed. The author has proposed a scientific and methodical approach to the formation of an integrated waste management as recoverable resources, which is based on a set of methods of economic incentives at all stages of product life cycle and ensures the maximum possible and the environmentally safe management of wastes containing valuable resource components. 展开更多
关键词 WASTE recoverable resources integrated waste management product life cycle organizational-economic mechanism.
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ISO 14040 Compliance of Life Cycle Inventory Compilation Methods
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作者 M. Franchetti A. Spivak 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering》 2010年第11期51-54,共4页
This article provides a comparison of several Life Cycle Assessment methodologies and their conformity to the ISO 14001 Standards. The study found that all methods surveyed meet the basic requirements of ISO 14001 in ... This article provides a comparison of several Life Cycle Assessment methodologies and their conformity to the ISO 14001 Standards. The study found that all methods surveyed meet the basic requirements of ISO 14001 in regards to evaluating the environmental impact with integrated hybrid method most satisfying the requirements. 展开更多
关键词 life cycle assessment ISo 14001 environmental management system.
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Research on Improving Customer Value by Using QCC in Drugstores Based on Customer Life Cycle
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作者 Wang Shuling Liu Linchuan Zhang Chunlei 《Asian Journal of Social Pharmacy》 2020年第4期251-259,共9页
Objective To build a model to improve the customer value of drugstores,so as to enhance their core competitiveness and share the value between drugstores and customers.Methods The quality control circle(QCC)was used t... Objective To build a model to improve the customer value of drugstores,so as to enhance their core competitiveness and share the value between drugstores and customers.Methods The quality control circle(QCC)was used to establish the model based on the theory of customer life cycle.According to recency-frequencymonetary(RFM)model,a general value index evaluation system was constructed for customers in different life cycles,and an example was studied.Results and Conclusion The flow model of drugstore customer management system and the method of evaluating the customer value were designed.Taking the activities of the QCC in a drugstore as an example,the deficiencies of pharmaceutical care such as medication consultation,shortage of drug supply and irrational drug display were improved.It also promoted the transformation of customers from a starting period into stable period and improved the comprehensive value of customers,indicating that QCC was effective.Drugstores should carry out the QCC activities with different themes according to the characteristics of customers in different life circles.Meanwhile,suggestions from customers on improving the environment and facilities,service quality and management mechanism of the drugstores should be effectively adopted to promote the transformation of customers from the starting period to the stable period for the realization of the highest value.This will bring economic value to drugstores and achieve the value sharing between drugstores and customers. 展开更多
关键词 DRUGSToRE quality control circle(QCC) customer life cycle customer management value sharing
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基于OHSMS的医院后勤设备运行脆弱性研究 被引量:1
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作者 刘婷婷 王金良 +6 位作者 闫石 邓超 赵伊楠 任朋 张恩浦 田思源 洪伟 《医院管理论坛》 2023年第8期84-90,共7页
目的基于OHSMS建立符合医院后勤的设备安全运行管理体系。方法由专家小组围绕OHSMS职业健康安全管理体系对设备生命周期各部分进行指标量化,确定评价指标权重、脆弱性等级及区间、指标评分标准,并对各指标进行相关性分析。结果构建了医... 目的基于OHSMS建立符合医院后勤的设备安全运行管理体系。方法由专家小组围绕OHSMS职业健康安全管理体系对设备生命周期各部分进行指标量化,确定评价指标权重、脆弱性等级及区间、指标评分标准,并对各指标进行相关性分析。结果构建了医院后勤OHSMS设备安全运行脆弱性评价指标体系,识别风险点并采取有针对性措施降低脆弱性,保证安全运行。结论经实践证明,通过后勤设备OHSMS脆弱性研究,注重设备全过程风险管理,能有效识别风险,并重视风险源的削减及全过程的控制,降低后勤设备运行事故发生率,提高后勤设备运行管理安全性,为医院后勤运行的指标量化和安全管理提供了思路和借鉴。 展开更多
关键词 职业健康安全管理体系 脆弱性评价 医院后勤 设备生命周期 风险识别
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大数据环境下基于BIM与CNN的电力工程造价优化算法 被引量:2
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作者 王林峰 张文静 +2 位作者 刘云 陈志宾 王立功 《沈阳工业大学学报》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第1期7-12,共6页
针对大数据环境下电力工程造价在精准化、动态化等方面存在的不足,提出了一种基于BIM与CNN的电力工程造价优化算法。利用BIM技术的特点进行电力工程全生命周期的造价管理,实现了造价的动态化管控。并且采用Levenberg-Marquardt规则算法... 针对大数据环境下电力工程造价在精准化、动态化等方面存在的不足,提出了一种基于BIM与CNN的电力工程造价优化算法。利用BIM技术的特点进行电力工程全生命周期的造价管理,实现了造价的动态化管控。并且采用Levenberg-Marquardt规则算法改进卷积神经网络,通过改进后的CNN网络对每个工程环节的造价完成预测,从而优化整个工程的施工方案。结合相关的电力工程造价数据,基于Matlab对所提算法进行实验测试。结果表明,当学习率为0.010时CNN网络的性能最佳,所提算法的预测准确率为94%,并且与造价的真实值最为接近。 展开更多
关键词 电力工程造价 BIm技术 卷积神经网络 大数据环境 Levenberg-marquardt规则算法 全生命周期 动态化管控 预测准确性
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基于全生命周期管理的FPSO单点锁紧机构风险分析
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作者 刘剑楠 李鹏 +2 位作者 田其磊 黄曙光 李牧 《船海工程》 北大核心 2024年第5期94-98,共5页
通过引入全生命周期管理的分析策略,在总结历史故障的基础上,评估其在不同阶段面临的环境与操作风险,提出针对性的改进措施,以期提高FPSO的安全运营水平。基于典型FPSO单点机构的载荷传递机理,分析浮筒与舱室的受力情况;通过案例研究,... 通过引入全生命周期管理的分析策略,在总结历史故障的基础上,评估其在不同阶段面临的环境与操作风险,提出针对性的改进措施,以期提高FPSO的安全运营水平。基于典型FPSO单点机构的载荷传递机理,分析浮筒与舱室的受力情况;通过案例研究,对原油田服役期间的故障原因进行深入剖析,并对新油田环境适应性改造进行评估;从技术与管理两个层面,提出未来运营中的风险要素分析及应对策略。研究揭示了单点机构在恶劣环境条件下面临的挑战,包括结构大变形、疲劳裂纹、操作失误等,并通过结构加强、定期维护、人员培训等措施有效降低了风险。 展开更多
关键词 单点锁紧机构 月池结构 全生命周期管理 风险分析
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《女性全生命周期的肥胖管理:FIGO最佳实践建议》解读
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作者 王译鹤 隽娟 +1 位作者 麻莉 杨慧霞 《中国医学前沿杂志(电子版)》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期1-7,共7页
肥胖作为一种慢性疾病,可对女性各个生命周期产生诸多影响,此外肥胖女性面临体重偏见、污名和被歧视的问题。在体重管理中要注意文化敏感性,谈及肥胖问题时采用适当的语言和创伤知情护理的方式。在孕前、孕期和产后进行体重和健康管理,... 肥胖作为一种慢性疾病,可对女性各个生命周期产生诸多影响,此外肥胖女性面临体重偏见、污名和被歧视的问题。在体重管理中要注意文化敏感性,谈及肥胖问题时采用适当的语言和创伤知情护理的方式。在孕前、孕期和产后进行体重和健康管理,可改善母婴不良结局。体重管理的重点在于改善健康状况。应重视肥胖相关疾病,如非酒精性脂肪肝病、胆石症、微量营养素缺乏、肥胖相关肿瘤、肾脏疾病、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和深静脉血栓等。肥胖与生殖健康息息相关,可进行预防性保健措施、早期筛查和干预以提高肥胖女性的生命质量。肥胖女性的精神心理健康也不容忽视,应进行适当的筛查和管理。肥胖的患病率正在增加,未来的研究工作应集中在跨专业管理并探索肥胖的根源,及发现有效的干预措施,以优化健康结局。 展开更多
关键词 生命周期 肥胖 体重管理 国际妇产科联盟
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基于BIM技术的综合管廊全生命周期典型问题应对研究 被引量:1
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作者 张楠 《智能建筑与智慧城市》 2024年第4期166-169,共4页
文章根据对管廊工程实例的研究,分析了综合管廊在规划、设计、施工、运维各阶段存在的典型问题,探究了造成这些问题的核心矛盾,并浅谈将BIM技术应用于城市综合管廊将带来怎么的变化,如何通过应用BIM设计协同管理平台、三维协同设计、基... 文章根据对管廊工程实例的研究,分析了综合管廊在规划、设计、施工、运维各阶段存在的典型问题,探究了造成这些问题的核心矛盾,并浅谈将BIM技术应用于城市综合管廊将带来怎么的变化,如何通过应用BIM设计协同管理平台、三维协同设计、基于BIM+GIS的建设协同管理平台、管廊智能运维管理平台,为综合管廊全生命周期典型问题提供针对性解决方案。 展开更多
关键词 综合管廊 全生命周期 BIm 三维协同设计 管理平台
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Government-led Green Supply Chain Management
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作者 Xiao Rufeng Cai Feng +2 位作者 Li Chunyan Yu Hai Zhang Yue 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2018年第5期26-29,共4页
Enterprises must be concerned about the environment when seeking economic benefit. However,because of the defect of the market economy,enterprises are difficult to carry out green supply chain management spontaneously... Enterprises must be concerned about the environment when seeking economic benefit. However,because of the defect of the market economy,enterprises are difficult to carry out green supply chain management spontaneously. In order to solve the above problem,the feasibility of the government as an external driving force to lead the implementation of green supply chain management was studied,and then a mixed guidance model of enterprise green supply chain management was established. In addition,the mechanisms of the government encouraging enterprises to implement green supply chain management were discussed,including negative punitive measures( fines and taxes) and positive incentive measures( subsidies and tax reduction) and the supplementary function of environmental credit system policy to realize government-led green supply chain management,which provides certain guiding for achieving the sustainable development of enterprises and society. 展开更多
关键词 Green supply CHAIN management(GSCm) Green PURCHASE Environmental CREDIT evaluation life cycle assessment(LCA)
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LCA in Environmental Management Systems—Results of Individual Interviews with Selected Enterprises from Poland and Sweden
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作者 Katarzyna Joachimiak-Lechman 《Journal of Environmental Protection》 2013年第7期694-700,共7页
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an analytical tool used for the environmental optimization of products and services within the entirety of its life cycle. ISO 14040 recommends use of the technique in numerous areas of ... Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an analytical tool used for the environmental optimization of products and services within the entirety of its life cycle. ISO 14040 recommends use of the technique in numerous areas of environmental management such as in designing for the environment, eco-labelling, environmental communications and the assessment of the effects of environmental activities. Despite being theoretically feasible, certain applications of the ecological assessment of a life cycle such as the possibility of identification and evaluation of environmental aspects with the use of LCA are, in practice, still new to many environmental managers. With its strong points, the technique seems to be a valuable tool, especially in the context of apparent concepts of Product-Oriented Environmental Management Systems (POEMS). In order to verify the hypothesis, the author decided to verify the level of use of LCA in the area of identification and assessment of environmental aspects in selected organizations. Therefore, questionnaire interviews were conducted with representatives of selected Polish and Swedish enterprises who, at the time of the interview, had certified environmental management systems. The organizations were analyzed with respect to applied methods and techniques used for identification and assessment of environmental aspects as well as the degree of use of LCA both in this respect and in other areas of environmental management. This paper will present the results of this research and conclusions. 展开更多
关键词 ENVIRoNmENTAL management System life cycle ASSESSmENT ISo 14001 ENVIRoNmENTAL Aspects Identification ASSESSmENT
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基于ISO 22163:2023的RAMS管理体系建立与实施探讨
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作者 姜悦礼 《铁道技术监督》 2023年第11期8-14,共7页
分析ISO 9000:2015《质量管理体系基础和术语》中可信性的定义,结合ISO 22163:2023《铁路应用铁路质量管理体系ISO 9001:2015和铁路领域应用的特定要求》中关于RAMS管理要求,以及IEC 60300-1:2014《可信性管理第1部分:管理和应用指南》... 分析ISO 9000:2015《质量管理体系基础和术语》中可信性的定义,结合ISO 22163:2023《铁路应用铁路质量管理体系ISO 9001:2015和铁路领域应用的特定要求》中关于RAMS管理要求,以及IEC 60300-1:2014《可信性管理第1部分:管理和应用指南》中可信性管理的通用要求,基于ISO 22163:2023基本框架,构建RAMS管理体系基本理念,并就RAMS管理体系的4个实施重点进行说明,为加强轨道交通RAMS管理提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 质量管理 国际标准 可信性管理 全生命周期
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Qualitative Analysis of the Management of Three Public Universities in the State of Minas Gerais—Brazil
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作者 Franciele M.C.FERREIRA Henor Arthur SOUZA 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2018年第9期669-676,共8页
Many Brazilian federal universities do not make use of a concrete and effective maintenance policy of its public buildings.Taking this fact into consideration,the objective of this work is to contribute with an assess... Many Brazilian federal universities do not make use of a concrete and effective maintenance policy of its public buildings.Taking this fact into consideration,the objective of this work is to contribute with an assessment of the current maintenance management carried out in three federal universities in the State of Minas Gerais:the UFOP(Federal University of Ouro Preto),UNIFEI(University of Itajubá)and the UFMG(Federal University of Minas Gerais).These universities were chosen because they have buildings with metal structures and also for being a reference in the state of Minas Gerais,which is the largest steel producer in Brazil.Knowledge was sought about the management of the campus infrastructure maintenance by raising questions about the main tools used by managers and other professionals in the field.The adopted methodology was qualitative and performed through semi-structured interviews conducted via email,with servers working directly or indirectly within each building maintenance system.The results show lacking a well-formulated plan and building maintenance programs as well as a specialized and qualified skilled labor force for the performance of services. 展开更多
关键词 Building maintenance management PUBLIC BUILDINGS life cycle
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Embedding Knowledge Management in Public Sector Procurement: Redesigning for the Knowledge Economy
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作者 Denise A. D. Bedford 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2014年第5期594-606,共13页
There is a perception in the public, political, and trade discourse that private sector procurement performs "better" than does public sector procurement. This research considers whether this perception is justified... There is a perception in the public, political, and trade discourse that private sector procurement performs "better" than does public sector procurement. This research considers whether this perception is justified. This paper proposes a conceptual framework for assessing issues that influence procurement performance. The framework takes into account the organization's business goals, its procurement principles, the design of its procurement capability, the intellectual capital or knowledge that is used to support procurement operations, and the use of knowledge management methods. To represent these factors, the framework adapts the conceptual framework proposed by McElroy (2002), leverages Andriessen's (2005) characterization of intellectual capital, and adopts Bedford's (2012) description of the practice of knowledge management. The results, though preliminary and exploratory, suggest that factors which are more often practiced in the private sector than the public sector contribute to higher performance. 展开更多
关键词 private sector procurement public sector procurement knowledge management intellectual capital management procurement life cycle procurement principles
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