The Use of Life Cycle Management Principles in Biosystems Engineering： A Pragmatic Approach to Solving Agri-industrial Sustainability Problems

LCM （life cycle management） is a systematic approach, mindset and culture that considers economic, social, and environmental factors among other factors in the decision making process throughout various business or organizational decisions that affect both inputs and outputs of a product or service life cycle. It is a product, process, or activity management system aimed at minimizing environmental and socio-economic burdens associated with an organization＇s product or process during its entire life cycle and value chain. LCM＇s application is gaining wider acceptance both in the corporate and governmental organizations as an approach to reduce ecological footprints and to improve the sustainability of human activities. But where and how can it be used in agricultural engineering applications？ This study highlights the potential areas of LCM application in agricultural and allied sectors and how it can be utilized. The study revealed that LCM tools such as design for environment and life cycle analysis can be used to evaluate the environmental impacts of-and to improve the products, equipment, and structures produced by biosystems engineers as well as the processes used to generate them.

Review of Oil and Gas Development Life Cycle Project Management (LCPM)

The effective implementation of the project management plays a core roll in avoiding bad project use effect and waste of funds, caused by asset management planning and design errors or equipment selection errors;meanwhile, it can effectively improve the operational efficiency of enterprise assets, lower operating costs and save resources. In June 1974, A. Gordon published a paper “3L Economics Concept” as the starting point, on the “Building and Quantity Surveying”, which is organized by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors. In this paper, a review of domestic and foreign research, from 1974 to 2015, on the total life cycle management progress will be given, and then a comment on it will be established. After detailed investigation and analysis of related materials, we can draw a conclusion: the study of the oil and gas development project lifecycle management is just beginning now. Hence, building the whole life cycle planning index system in line with the characteristics of oil and gas development project is very necessary.

System Safety Management of Whole Life Cycle of Chemical Process Unit

Guaranteeing the safety performance of chemical process units is the premise for the safety production of chemical enterprises.Only to have the system safety management of the whole life cycle of the process units can operate the process systems under the state of controllable risk.

Asset Life Cycle Management in Finnish Water Utilities

The aim of this paper is to improve the water industry asset life cycle management framework towards more resilient water services in Finland. This paper is based on a literature study and a web-based semi-structured thematic interview, in which the Finnish water utility managers identified the current status of their utilities’ asset management. The water services professionals are extremely worried that, by and large, water and sewage networks are still deteriorating, although the networks are nowadays rehabilitated more systematically. The survey reveals that although most of the surveyed utilities have adopted several processes and sub-processes of asset management, and a few utilities are even using some asset management guides, as a whole a strategic approach to and a comprehensive framework for optimized management of physical assets are not practiced. Therefore the development and introduction of specific asset management guidelines should be considered. In order to support successful usage of the asset management framework, the basic concepts and principles of engineering asset management should be included in educational and professional development programs, in particular at the university level.

Concept of Integrated Waste Management as Recoverable Resources in Product Cycle

This paper presents a conceptual framework of integrated waste management which focuses on all stages of product life cycle. A mechanism of resource recovery motivating from waste in economic system （designers, producers, consumers, stakeholders in the field of disposal of the product） is suggested. The classification of institutional and economic instruments in the field of waste management as recoverable resources is developed. The author has proposed a scientific and methodical approach to the formation of an integrated waste management as recoverable resources, which is based on a set of methods of economic incentives at all stages of product life cycle and ensures the maximum possible and the environmentally safe management of wastes containing valuable resource components.

ISO 14040 Compliance of Life Cycle Inventory Compilation Methods

This article provides a comparison of several Life Cycle Assessment methodologies and their conformity to the ISO 14001 Standards. The study found that all methods surveyed meet the basic requirements of ISO 14001 in regards to evaluating the environmental impact with integrated hybrid method most satisfying the requirements.

State-of-the-art applications of machine learning in the life cycle of solid waste management

Due to the superiority of machine learning(ML)data processing,it is widely used in research of solid waste(SW).This study analyzed the research and developmental progress of the applications of ML in the life cycle of SW.Statistical analyses were undertaken on the literature published between 1985 and 2021 in the Science Citation Index Expanded and Social Sciences Citation Index to provide an overview of the progress.Based on the articles considered,a rapid upward trend from 1985 to 2021 was found and international cooperatives were found to have strengthened.The three topics of ML,namely,SW categories,ML algorithms,and specific applications,as applied to the life cycle of SW were discussed.ML has been applied during the entire SW process,thereby affecting its life cycle.ML was used to predict the generation and characteristics of SW,optimize its collection and transportation,and model the processing of its energy utilization.Finally,the current challenges of applying ML to SW and future perspectives were discussed.The goal is to achieve high economic and environmental benefits and carbon reduction during the life cycle of SW.ML plays an important role in the modernization and intellectualization of SW management.It is hoped that this work would be helpful to provide a constructive overview towards the state-of-the-art development of SW disposal.

LCA in Environmental Management Systems—Results of Individual Interviews with Selected Enterprises from Poland and Sweden

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an analytical tool used for the environmental optimization of products and services within the entirety of its life cycle. ISO 14040 recommends use of the technique in numerous areas of environmental management such as in designing for the environment, eco-labelling, environmental communications and the assessment of the effects of environmental activities. Despite being theoretically feasible, certain applications of the ecological assessment of a life cycle such as the possibility of identification and evaluation of environmental aspects with the use of LCA are, in practice, still new to many environmental managers. With its strong points, the technique seems to be a valuable tool, especially in the context of apparent concepts of Product-Oriented Environmental Management Systems (POEMS). In order to verify the hypothesis, the author decided to verify the level of use of LCA in the area of identification and assessment of environmental aspects in selected organizations. Therefore, questionnaire interviews were conducted with representatives of selected Polish and Swedish enterprises who, at the time of the interview, had certified environmental management systems. The organizations were analyzed with respect to applied methods and techniques used for identification and assessment of environmental aspects as well as the degree of use of LCA both in this respect and in other areas of environmental management. This paper will present the results of this research and conclusions.

Qualitative Analysis of the Management of Three Public Universities in the State of Minas Gerais—Brazil

Many Brazilian federal universities do not make use of a concrete and effective maintenance policy of its public buildings.Taking this fact into consideration,the objective of this work is to contribute with an assessment of the current maintenance management carried out in three federal universities in the State of Minas Gerais:the UFOP(Federal University of Ouro Preto),UNIFEI(University of Itajubá)and the UFMG(Federal University of Minas Gerais).These universities were chosen because they have buildings with metal structures and also for being a reference in the state of Minas Gerais,which is the largest steel producer in Brazil.Knowledge was sought about the management of the campus infrastructure maintenance by raising questions about the main tools used by managers and other professionals in the field.The adopted methodology was qualitative and performed through semi-structured interviews conducted via email,with servers working directly or indirectly within each building maintenance system.The results show lacking a well-formulated plan and building maintenance programs as well as a specialized and qualified skilled labor force for the performance of services.

Design Technology Research of Aircraft Engine Health Management (EHM) Technologies

Aircraft engine is an important guarantee for aircraft safety, and its failure mode and health management have become the top priority. However, there are very few researches on aircraft engine health management. This article mainly summarizes the current research status of aircraft engine health management (EHM) from the aspect of aircraft electronic system, focuses on the overall structure, functional areas and key technologies of EHM system design, points out the design requirements of EHM system, and finally proposes EHM system. The design must improve the monitoring accuracy of the sensor to meet the monitoring requirements of more than 0.1%. High-precision monitoring data is more conducive to engine fault detection and processing, and EHM will therefore develop in the direction of real-time, intelligent, integrated and networked.

The Aeronautic Equipment RMS Management, Monitoring System and Software Realization

This paper introduces the theory of system engineering on materiel into the management and monitoring of reliability, maintainability and supportability (RMS) activities in the aeronautic equipment's life cycle. In order to assure the science of RMS management, it analyzes the contents of RMS activities in a life cycle, provides the model of management and monitoring, and discusses the software realization of the management and monitoring system.

Research on Improving Customer Value by Using QCC in Drugstores Based on Customer Life Cycle

Objective To build a model to improve the customer value of drugstores,so as to enhance their core competitiveness and share the value between drugstores and customers.Methods The quality control circle(QCC)was used to establish the model based on the theory of customer life cycle.According to recency-frequencymonetary(RFM)model,a general value index evaluation system was constructed for customers in different life cycles,and an example was studied.Results and Conclusion The flow model of drugstore customer management system and the method of evaluating the customer value were designed.Taking the activities of the QCC in a drugstore as an example,the deficiencies of pharmaceutical care such as medication consultation,shortage of drug supply and irrational drug display were improved.It also promoted the transformation of customers from a starting period into stable period and improved the comprehensive value of customers,indicating that QCC was effective.Drugstores should carry out the QCC activities with different themes according to the characteristics of customers in different life circles.Meanwhile,suggestions from customers on improving the environment and facilities,service quality and management mechanism of the drugstores should be effectively adopted to promote the transformation of customers from the starting period to the stable period for the realization of the highest value.This will bring economic value to drugstores and achieve the value sharing between drugstores and customers.

Carbon emissions from buildings based on a life cycle analysis:carbon reduction measures and effects of green building standards in China

Carbon emissions from buildings account for approximately half of China’s total social carbon emissions.Focusing only on the carbon emissions of building operation tends to neglect the carbon emissions of other related parts of the building sector,thus slowing down the progress of carbon peaking in the building sector.By applying life-cycle analysis to calculate carbon emissions throughout the building’s life cycle,the performance of carbon emissions at each stage of building materials,construction,operation and end-of-life demolition can be identified,so that carbon reduction strategies in building design can be selected..This paper constructed a method for calculating the carbon emissions of green buildings in whole-building life cycle,and conducted a summary analysis of the carbon emissions of 33 projects that were awarded green building certification.The study found that the Chinese Assessment Standard for Green Buildings has a significant effect on reducing the carbon emissions of buildings in whole-building life cycle.Compared with the current average operational carbon emissions of buildings in China,the carbon intensity of green public buildings is 41.43%lower under this standard and the carbon intensity of green residential buildings is 13.99%lower.A carbon correlation analysis of the provisions of the current Chinese Assessment Standard for Green Buildings was conducted,comparing the changes in the carbon intensity of buildings before and after the revision of the standards.The study concluded that the new version of the standards has a greater impact on public buildings than residential buildings,the requirement of carbon emission reduction in the production stage of building materials is strengthened in terms of carbon emission during the whole-building life cycle.This study addresses the current problem of unclear carbon emission reduction effect of green buildings.

Evaluation of Energy-Efficiency Standards for Room Air Conditioners in the US

This article describes an analysis of the energy and economic impacts of possible energy efficiency standards for room air conditioners on both U.S. consumers and the nation as a whole. We used two metrics to determine the effect of standards on a representative sample of U.S. consumers: life-cycle cost change and payback period. For the national impact analysis, we evaluated national energy savings attributable to each potential standard, the monetary value of the energy savings to consumers of room air conditioners, the increased total installed costs because of standards, and the net present value of the difference between the value of energy savings and increased total installed costs. Our analysis indicates that standards for room air conditioners at efficiency level 3, which is 17% more efficient than today’s typical unit in the case of room air conditioners less than 6000 Btu/h with louvers and 12% more efficient in the case of room air conditioners 8000 - 13,999 Btu/h with louvers, would save close to one quad of energy over 30 years and have a net present value of consumer benefit of between ?$0.14 billion and $1.82 billion, depending on the discount rate. In addition, such standards would reduce carbon dioxide emissions and NOx emissions.

标准化PDCA循环管理在助理全科医生培训中的应用效果

目的:研究助理全科医生培训中应用标准化PDCA循环管理提高教学质量的效果。方法:数据取自蚌埠市第一人民医院2022年1月—2023年12月符合纳入标准的48名助培全科医生,依照双盲法分为参照组、研究组各24例,分别采取常规管理和PDCA循环标准化管理,将两组管理效果比较分析。结果:管理前两组考核成绩、管理质量无差异,P>0.05;管理后较参照组,标准化PDCA循环管理组考核成绩更高、管理质量评分更高,标准化PDCA循环管理组满意率(95.83%)高于参照组(75.00%),P<0.05。结论:标准化PDCA循环管理用于助理全科医生培训中可提高助理全科医生培训的管理质量、考核成绩,获得认可,值得推崇。

我国化工园区减污降碳技术路径研究

化学工业是推动制造强国战略实施的重要支撑,化工园区是新型工业化的关键载体,开展化工园区减污降碳技术应用研究具有重要的现实意义。本文针对化工园区减污降碳面临的资源利用率低、减污和降碳协同性差、末端治污成本高、环境安全与风险突出等挑战,分析了化工园区碳和污染物产生的特点并梳理相关研究进展,剖析了减污降碳协同增效的内涵。在此基础上,建立了基于一般性工业过程的分析框架,以物质、能量代谢过程为纽带,从企业生产、基础设施、产业共生等层面演绎提出了化工园区减污降碳的技术路径:建立化工园区内企业的碳、污染物排放清单;集成优化化工园区的技术与产业结构,加强绿色低碳生产技术开发、基础设施升级共生、企业间合作、减污降碳与安全生产统筹、产品‒产业‒空间结构优化;开展全生命周期减污降碳成本效益评估。选取杭州湾上虞经济技术开发区为典型案例,总结了化工园区减污降碳技术路径的应用实践,进而提出了化工园区减污降碳实施路径建议:完善精细计量体系,加强化工园区物质流管理;强化化工园区共生链接,运用系统工程赋能减污降碳;激发系统效率变革,推动化工园区绿色高质量发展。

油气管道废弃处置技术现状及问题研究

目前国内油气管道废弃处置研究处于起步阶段,还没有形成健全完备的技术体系和标准规范。文中首先简述了国内外油气管道废弃处置相关标准法规与废弃判定依据,然后分析了残留物清理和洁净度评价、管线及附件设施拆除、管道注氮、注浆、分段隔离以及废弃后的监测维护等方面的技术要点。最后结合工程实际,对管道拆除废弃、就地废弃方式及其处置技术进行了对比分析,并介绍了管道废弃处置技术的适用场合和建议做法。文中综述内容为国内废弃油气管道的安全环保、高效低成本处置提供借鉴。

公立医院物业外包服务全生命周期管理

医院物业服务外包项目通常为2-3年一个周期,本文从项目招标阶段、合同执行阶段、项目交接阶段进行分析,以广州医科大学附属第二医院为例,探讨公立医院物业外包服务全生命周期管理关键点及其策略。

基于PDCA循环的高校实验室标准化管理研究

文章通过文献研究、调查问卷、专家访谈,参考“人、机、料、法、环”五要素,确定实验室标准化管理的五个维度,借鉴PDCA循环从顶层设计,聚焦实验室管理标准体系;运行实施,充分应用信息化虚拟仿真技术;监督检查,开展多维度多层次实验室评估;反馈改进,完善提升标准化管理四个层面构建了高校实验室标准化管理的运行体系。

e-Science环境下科研活动与科学数据一站式管理平台研究

在信息化、数据密集化(e-Science)科学研究新形势下,规范高效地管理科研活动和科学数据,对科研创新突破、资源集成共享具有十分重要的意义。文章在调研多个研究团队科研数据管理现状的基础上,基于科研—数据双生命周期模型,构建了科研活动与科学数据的一站式管理平台。初步探讨了平台的系统架构与功能实现,详细阐述了平台的用户角色管理及权限分配策略,以期这个新型平台能为科研数据管理服务工作提供一些新的思路和方法。