Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell(PEFC)is desired to be operated at temperature around 90℃ for stationary applications during the period from 2020 to 2025 in Japan.It can be expected thinner polymer electrolyte membrane(...Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell(PEFC)is desired to be operated at temperature around 90℃ for stationary applications during the period from 2020 to 2025 in Japan.It can be expected thinner polymer electrolyte membrane(PEM)and gas diffusion layer(GDL)would promote the power generation performance of PEFC at this temperature.The aim of this study is to understand the impact of thickness of PEM and GDL on the temperature profile of interface between PEM and catalyst layer at the cathode(i.e.,the reaction surface)in a single PEFC with an initial operation temperature(Tini).An 1D multi-plate heat transfer model based on temperature data of separator measured using thermograph in power generation process was developed to evaluate temperature of the reaction surface(Treact).This study investigated the effect of Tini,flow rate and relative humidity of supply gas on Treact distribution.The study finds that when using thin GDL,the even distribution of Treact – Tini is obtained irrespective of thickness of PEM,Tini and relative humidity conditions.Treact – Tini using Nafion 115 is higher than the other thin PEMs irrespective of Tini and relative humidity conditions.It can be concluded that the even temperature distribution could be achieved by using thin PEM and GDL.展开更多
目的:探讨Ⅲ度烧伤面积≥90%TBSA(the total body surface area,TBSA,体表总面积)危重烧伤患者治愈后生活质量。方法:回顾分析随访1977年～2008年间抢救成功的13例Ⅲ度烧伤面积>90%TBSA烧伤患者整形修复手术的时间、次数以及广泛增...目的:探讨Ⅲ度烧伤面积≥90%TBSA(the total body surface area,TBSA,体表总面积)危重烧伤患者治愈后生活质量。方法:回顾分析随访1977年～2008年间抢救成功的13例Ⅲ度烧伤面积>90%TBSA烧伤患者整形修复手术的时间、次数以及广泛增生性瘢痕对机体产生的影响等问题。结果:13例患者中有11例作过多次整形或美容修复手术,9例生活能自理,4例需要部分护理依赖,2例并发瘢痕癌。结论:危重烧伤特别是Ⅲ度烧伤面积≥90%TBSA患者自体皮源奇缺,给救治和整复手术带来了极大的困难,早期功能部位修复手术和功能锻炼可提高患者功能与容貌等生活质量。展开更多
文摘Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell(PEFC)is desired to be operated at temperature around 90℃ for stationary applications during the period from 2020 to 2025 in Japan.It can be expected thinner polymer electrolyte membrane(PEM)and gas diffusion layer(GDL)would promote the power generation performance of PEFC at this temperature.The aim of this study is to understand the impact of thickness of PEM and GDL on the temperature profile of interface between PEM and catalyst layer at the cathode(i.e.,the reaction surface)in a single PEFC with an initial operation temperature(Tini).An 1D multi-plate heat transfer model based on temperature data of separator measured using thermograph in power generation process was developed to evaluate temperature of the reaction surface(Treact).This study investigated the effect of Tini,flow rate and relative humidity of supply gas on Treact distribution.The study finds that when using thin GDL,the even distribution of Treact – Tini is obtained irrespective of thickness of PEM,Tini and relative humidity conditions.Treact – Tini using Nafion 115 is higher than the other thin PEMs irrespective of Tini and relative humidity conditions.It can be concluded that the even temperature distribution could be achieved by using thin PEM and GDL.
文摘目的:探讨Ⅲ度烧伤面积≥90%TBSA(the total body surface area,TBSA,体表总面积)危重烧伤患者治愈后生活质量。方法:回顾分析随访1977年～2008年间抢救成功的13例Ⅲ度烧伤面积>90%TBSA烧伤患者整形修复手术的时间、次数以及广泛增生性瘢痕对机体产生的影响等问题。结果:13例患者中有11例作过多次整形或美容修复手术,9例生活能自理,4例需要部分护理依赖,2例并发瘢痕癌。结论:危重烧伤特别是Ⅲ度烧伤面积≥90%TBSA患者自体皮源奇缺,给救治和整复手术带来了极大的困难,早期功能部位修复手术和功能锻炼可提高患者功能与容貌等生活质量。
