Single-Nucleus RNA Sequencing Reveals Cardiac Macrophage Landscape in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

Background:Hypoplastic left heart syndrome(HLHS)is one of the most challenging congenital heart diseases in clinical treatment.In cardiac tissues,resident macrophages fulfill critical functions in maintaining a stable cardiac state and have strong regenerative capacity and organ specificity.However,the molecular mechanisms of macro-phages in HLHS remained unclear.Methods:Single-nucleus RNA sequencing(snRNA-seq)data of HLHS and healthy control(donors)samples obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database were normalized and clustered using the Seurat package.The“FindMarkers”function was used to screen differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between the HLHS and donor groups and to analyze the functional enrichment of the set of genes of interest.Finally,cell-cell communication,pseudotime,and single-cell regulatory network inference and cluster-ing(SCENIC)analyses were used to study the mechanisms of macrophages in HLHS.Results:Based on the snRNA-seq data of HLHS and donors,we identified a total of 9 cell clusters,among which the proportion of macrophages was significantly less in the HLHS group than in the control group.Subdivision of macrophage subpopulations(Macrophages 1,2,and 3)showed that Macrophages 1 was mainly involved in nervous system development,angiogenesis,and apoptotic processes.In addition,analysis of communication between Macro-phages 1 and cardiomyocytes revealed that ligand-acceptor pairs such as GAS6/AXL,IL6,IGF1,THY1,and L1CAM were present only in the donor group.Finally,pesudotime and SCENIC analyses demonstrated that FOXO3 and ELF2 played a critical role for Macrophages 1 to maintain cardiac function in patients with HLHS.Conclusion:Our study improved the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of macrophage devel-opment in HLHS,showing that manipulating the regulatory role of macrophages in the heart can be a novel treat-ment for HLHS.

Full-length transcriptome sequence and SSR marker development for genetic diversity research in yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus

Yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus is an important economic fish in Chinese coastal areas.Given its narrow distribution and overfishing,the genetic diversity of yellowfin seabream has been restricted for artificial breeding and reproduction.We performed full-length transcriptome sequencing and assembly of the genome of yellowfin seabream.A total of 68086 unigenes were obtained,with an N50 of 3391 bp on average length of 2933 bp.A total number of 50593 expressed sequence tags linked to simple sequence repeats(EST-SSR)were identified,among them dinucleotide repeats(40.6%)and AC/GT motifs(38.5%)were the most frequent.Of the 190 EST-SSRs for which PCR primer pairs were designed,150 primer pairs successfully amplified target loci and 15 SSRs showed high polymorphism.The alleles per locus ranged 6-50 on average of 25.3.The expected and observed heterozygosity varied from 0.632 to 0.969 and from 0.519 to 0.953,respectively.The polymorphic index content(PIC)values of each locus ranged 0.587-0.966 on average of 0.851.Among six yellowfin seabream population samples preliminarily tested for genetic diversity and differentiation,the Fangchenggang(FCG)population in Guangxi Province had the highest mean observed heterozygosity(H_(o))value(0.786),whereas the Zhangzhou(ZZ)population in Fujian Province had the lowest(0.678).The pairwise fixation index(Fst)values indicated significant population differentiation among six yellowfin seabream populations.This study provided evidence for the usefulness of the transcriptomic resource information and EST-SSR markers for natural resource conservation,population genetics,and breeding studies of yellowfin seabream in South China.

High-throughput sequencing of highbush blueberry transcriptome and analysis of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors

The highbush blueberry（Vaccinium corymbosum）,Duke,was used to construct a de novo transcriptome sequence library and to perform data statistical analysis.Mega 4,CLC Sequence Viewer 6 software,and quantitative PCR were employed for bioinformatics and expression analyses of the basic helix-loop-helix（BHLH）transcription factors of the sequencing library.The results showed that 28.38 gigabytes of valid data were obtained from transcriptome sequencing and were assembled into 108 033 unigenes.Functional annotation showed that 32 244 unigenes were annotated into Clusters of Orthologous Groups（COG）and Gene Ontology（GO）databases,whereas the rest of the 75 789 unigenes had no matching information.By using COG and GO classification tools,sequences with annotation information were divided into 25 and 52 categories,respectively,which involved transport and metabolism,transcriptional regulation,and signal transduction.Analysis of the transcriptome library identified a total of 59 BHLH genes.Sequence analysis revealed that 55 genes of that contained a complete BHLH domain.Furthermore,phylogenetic analysis showed that BHLH genes of blueberry（Duke）could be divided into 13 sub-groups.PCR results showed that 45 genes were expressed at various developmental stages of buds,stems,leaves,flowers,and fruits,suggesting that the function of BHLH was associated with the development of different tissues and organs of blueberry,Duke.The present study would provided a foundation for further investigations on the classification and functions of the blueberry BHLH family.

Comprehensive analysis of the full-length transcripts and alternative splicing involved in clubroot resistance in Chinese cabbage

Chinese cabbage is an economically important Brassica vegetable worldwide, and clubroot, which is caused by the soilborne protist plant pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae is regarded as a destructive disease to Brassica crops. Previous studies on the gene transcripts related to Chinese cabbage resistance to clubroot mainly employed RNA-seq technology,although it cannot provide accurate transcript assembly and structural information. In this study, PacBio RS II SMRT sequencing was used to generate full-length transcriptomes of mixed roots at 0, 2, 5, 8, 13, and 22 days after P. brassicae infection in the clubroot-resistant line DH40R. Overall, 39 376 high-quality isoforms and 26 270 open reading frames(ORFs) were identified from the SMRT sequencing data. Additionally, 426 annotated long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs),56 transcription factor(TF) families, 1 883 genes with poly(A) sites and 1 691 alternative splicing(AS) events were identified. Furthermore, 1 201 of the genes had at least one AS event in DH40R. A comparison with RNA-seq data revealed six differentially expressed AS genes(one for disease resistance and five for defensive response) that are potentially involved in P. brassicae resistance. The results of this study provide valuable resources for basic research on clubroot resistance in Chinese cabbage.

Sequence Analysis of Transcription Factor AtWRKY35 and Construction of Prokaryotic Expression Vector

As members of a super gene family, WRKY transcription factors are widely distributed in higher plants. ln this study, bioinformatic analysis of WRKY35, a member of the WRKY gene family, was carried out. Results indicated that tran-scription factor WRKY35 harbors a WRKYGQK core domain and a Cys2His2 or Cys2His/Cys zinc finger in the 5’ end without transmembrane domain. After PCR amplification and restriction digestion, WRKY35 gene fragment was ligated to prokaryotic expression vector PET28. This study provided basis for expression anal-ysis of WRKY35 protein and subsequent functional identification of WRKY35 gene.

Generation and Analysis of Expressed Sequence Tags(ESTs) from Muscle Full-Length cDNA Library of Wujin Pig

Porcine skeletal muscle genes play a major role in determining muscle growth and meat quality. Construction of a full-length cDNA library is an effective way to understand the expression of functional genes in muscle tissues. In addition, novel genes for further research could be identified in the library. In this study, we constructed a full-length cDNA library from porcine muscle tissue. The estimated average size of the cDNA inserts was 1 076 bp, and the cDNA fullness ratio was 86.2%. A total of 1 058 unique sequences with 342 contigs （32.3%） and 716 singleton （67.7%） expressed sequence tags （EST） were obtained by clustering and assembling. Meanwhile, 826 （78.1%） ESTs were categorized as known genes, and 232 （21.9%） ESTs were categorized as unknown genes. 65 novel porcine genes that exhibit no identity in the TIGR gene index of Sus scrofa and 124 full-length sequences with unknown functions were deposited in the dbEST division of GenBank （accession numbers： EU650784-EU650788, GE843306, GH228978-GH229100）. The abundantly expressed genes in porcine muscle tissue were related to muscle fiber development, energy metabolism and protein synthesis. Gene ontology analysis showed that sequences expressed in porcine muscle tissue contained a high percentage of binding activity, catalytic activity, structural molecule activity and motor activity, which involved mainly in metabolic, cellular and developmental process, distributed mainly in intracellular region. The sequence data generated in this study would provide valuable information for identifying porcine genes expressed in muscle tissue and help to advance the study on the structure and function of genes in pigs.

Increased Electrophoretic Mobility of Long-Type GATA-6 Transcription Factor upon Substitution of Its PEST Sequence

The transcriptional factor GATA-6 gene produces two translational isoforms from a single mRNA through ribosomal leaky scanning. L-type GATA-6 has an extension of 146 amino acid residues at its amino terminus. In the extension, there is a unique PEST sequence (Glu31-Cys46), which is composed of an amino terminal Pro-rich segment and a carboxyl terminal Ser-cluster. Substitution of either half of the PEST sequence with Ala residues by cassette mutagenesis reduced the apparent molecular size of L-type GATA-6 on SDS-polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis. However, the effect of substitution of the Pro-rich segment was much more significant;the mobility increase of the Pro-rich segment on the gel was 13% while that of the Ser-cluster was 8%. Substitution of each amino acid residue demonstrated that the effect of Pro substitution is greater than that of the Ser and Thr residues. Such increased mobility of L-type GATA-6 in the presence of a detergent may apparently correlate with the decrease in transcription activity in vivo as determined by means of luciferase reporter gene assay. The activity of ΔAla (with Ala residues instead of the PEST sequence) was reduced to one fifth of that of ΔA (with the PEST sequence). These results suggest that the PEST sequence of L-type GATA-6 does not function as a constitutive protein degradation signal, but rather plays structural and functional roles in the activation of gene expression on the GATA responsive promoter.

Advances in single-cell sequencing:insights from organ transplantation

Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)is a comprehensive technical tool to analyze intracellular and intercellular interaction data by whole transcriptional profile analysis.Here,we describe the application in biomedical research,focusing on the immune system during organ transplantation and rejection.Unlike conventional transcriptome analysis,this method provides a full map of multiple cell populations in one specific tissue and presents a dynamic and transient unbiased method to explore the progression of allograft dysfunction,starting from the stress response to final graft failure.This promising sequencing technology remarkably improves individualized organ rejection treatment by identifying decisive cellular subgroups and cell-specific interactions.

De novo assembly of Zea nicaraguensis root transcriptome identified 5261 full-length transcripts

Zea nicaraguensis, a wild relative of cultivated maize （Zea mays subsp, mays）, is considered to be a valuable germplasm to improve the waterlogging tolerance of cultivated maize. Use of reverse genetic-based gene cloning and function verifi- cation to discover waterlogging tolerance genes in Z. nicaraguensis is currently impractical, because little gene sequence information for Z. nicaraguensis is available in public databases. In this study, Z. nicaraguensis seedlings were subjected to simulated waterlogging stress and total RNAs were isolated from roots stressed and non-stressed controls. In total, 80 mol L-1 Illumina 100-bp paired-end reads were generated. De novo assembly of the reads generated 81 002 final non-re- dundant contigs, from which 5 261 full-length transcripts were identified. Among these full-length transcripts, 3 169 had at least one Gene Ontology （GO） annotation, 2 354 received cluster of orthologous groups （COG） terms, and 1 992 were assigned a Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes （KEGG） Orthology number. These sequence data represent a valuable resource for identification of Z. nicaraguensis genes involved in waterlogging response.

Full-length transcripts facilitates Portunus trituberculatus genome structure annotation

Portunus trituberculatus is an ide al model for elucidating crustacean genetic networks.Here we combined single molecule real-time(SMRT)sequencing and Illumina RNA-seq to characterize the coding genes,non-coding RNAs and pseudogenes and further to improve the genome annotation information of P.tritub erculatus.In this study,we assembled 9694 non-redundancy full-length transcripts,and 658737307-bp repetitive sequences were identified in the P.trituberculatus full-length transcriptome.We also predicted the P.tritub erculatus genome structure based on full-length transcripts,including 18602 genes,28686 non-coding RNAs,1407 pseudogenes,740 motif,and 26434 domain.Meanwhile,14460,10211,5412,7314,and 14448 genes had significant matches with sequences in the NR,KOG,GO,KEGG,and TrEMBL database,respectively.Overall,our work firstly provided the long-read transcriptome and we believed that these data are very necessary to improve the annotation information of P.trituberculatus genome structure,and useful information for the future studies on evolution and physiological regulation of P.trituberculatus.

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of the Full-Length Genome of Japanese encephalitis virus Strain SXBJ07 Isolated from Swine

A virus strain, showing cytopathic effect in BHK-21 cell, was isolated from swine brains in Shaanxi Province, China, in 2007. The isolate was confirmed as Japanese encephalitis virus （JEV） by immunofluorescence assay （IFA） and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）, and named SXBJ07. The complete nueleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the JEV strain SXBJ07 were determined. Its single open reading frame has a total of 3 432 amino acid residues. An extensive E gene based phylogenetic analysis was performed, the result showed that SXBJ07 strain belongs to genotype I. Comparison of the SXBJ07 genomic sequence with those of the 24 fully sequenced JEV strains in published databases showed nucleotide homology ranging from 99.0 to 83.7%; amino acid homology ranged from 99.8 to 94.8%. Compared SXBJ07 with SA14-14-2 strain, the current live vaccine strain in China, the homology of amino acid in envelope gene was 97.0%; and there were amino acid substitutions in 13 sites of the active domains of E protein （E1-E411）.

PolyI:C刺激猪PK15细胞后病毒感染应答基因未注释转录本鉴定及其特征分析

【目的】鉴定猪PK15细胞在类病毒聚肌胞苷酸(PolyI:C)刺激后病毒感染应答基因的未注释转录本的数量、剪接类型、新蛋白编码与分子结构,为进一步研究这些未注释转录本的功能奠定基础。【方法】将猪PK15细胞分为对照组和试验组,每组3个重复;试验组加入终浓度为20μg/mL的PolyI:C,对照组加入等体积(2μL)的PBS,两组在37℃、5%CO_(2)条件下分别刺激6 h后进行Nanopore测序,鉴定两组的总转录本与差异表达基因。对差异表达基因进行GO功能分析,进一步筛选病毒感染的应答基因。对总转录本与Ensemble注释的转录本序列进行比较,发现未注释转录本。将病毒感染应答基因的未注释转录本与其对应的Ensemble注释转录本序列进行比对,分析未注释转录本的剪接类型和编码蛋白。【结果】PolyI:C刺激后,两组共鉴定蛋白编码的转录本61505个,其中有Ensemble数据库注释的39497个,未注释的转录本22008个,未注释转录本数量占总数的35.78%。同时两组鉴定到71个差异蛋白编码基因,与对照组相比,试验组上调表达基因57个,下调表达基因14个。GO功能富集分析显示,这些差异表达基因富集到20个生物过程,其中前3个生物过程分别是防御病毒反应、Ⅰ型干扰素信号通路和病毒应答,均与病毒感染应答相关。24个病毒感染应答的基因有16个基因存在未注释转录本,其中CCL 5、IFI 6、BST 2和MX 1基因未注释转录本的数量多于其Ensemble注释的总转录本数量,且大部分未注释转录本产生新的蛋白序列。IFIT 3、OAS 2、RSAD 2、CCL 5、IFI 44、CD 40、IFI 6、BST和MX 19个基因的未注释转录本有差异表达。【结论】本研究系统地鉴定了猪PK15细胞受PolyI:C刺激后病毒感染应答基因的未注释转录本的分子特征,筛选的IFIT 3、OAS 2、RSAD 2、CCL 5、IFI 44、CD 40、IFI 6、BST和MX 19个基因的差异表达的未注释转录本可能具有重要生物学作用,为进一步解析宿主基因在抗病毒反应中的复杂转录调控机制提供了依据。

Sin3A基因变异致Witteveen-Kolk综合征遗传学分析

目的 探讨开关不敏感3转录调节因子家族成员A(Sin3A)基因变异导致的Witteveen-Kolk综合征临床表型和遗传学特点。方法 收集1例发育迟缓患儿的临床资料,对患儿及其父母进行全外显子基因测序,采用Sanger测序验证可疑变异,并进行家系分析。结合文献分析Witteveen-Kolk综合征的临床特征和基因变异特点。结果 Witteveen-Kolk综合征患儿临床表现主要为轻中度智力障碍或发育迟缓、特殊面容(长脸、前额突出、鼻梁凹陷、长人中等)、身材矮小。颅脑磁共振成像(MRI)显示不同程度的脑畸形。全外显子基因测序结果显示,患儿Sin3A基因存在移码变异c.803dupC(p.Leu269Thrfs*37)(杂合)。Sanger测序证实存在变异位点,患儿父母该位点均为正常基因型。gnomAD等对照人群数据库未收录该变异位点,根据美国医学遗传学和基因组学学会(ACMG)/美国分子病理学学会(AMP)指南归类为“致病性”变异。结论 Sin3A基因变异可导致Witteveen-Kolk综合征。基因检测可明确生长发育迟缓伴特殊面容患儿的病因。

LZTR1基因Arg284His变异致Noonan综合征10型病例报道和遗传学分析

目的 对1例Noonan综合征10型(NS10)患儿进行临床特征和遗传学分析。方法 对患儿及其父母进行家系全外显子组(trio-WES)检测,采用生物信息学方法对基因变异进行危害性分析,预测变异蛋白结构功能,采用免疫印迹法检测变异蛋白的表达量。结果 患儿年龄为8岁9个月,临床表现为生长发育迟缓、先天性心脏病和特殊面容等。基因检测结果提示患儿亮氨酸拉链样转录调控因子1(LZTR1)基因发生杂合变异c.851G>A(p.Arg284His)(NM_6767.4),其父亲携带该变异,母亲为野生型。Pubmed数据库和HGMD数据库未检索到相应变异的报道,属LZTR1基因新变异。SIFT、Polyphen-2和MutationTaster在线软件分析结果显示到LZTR1 c.851G>A(p.Arg 284His)变异存在生物危害性。蛋白结构模型分析结果显示,LZTR1 c.851G>A(p.Arg 284His)变异可导致LZTR1蛋白局部结构改变。免疫印迹法结果显示,与野生型LZTR1蛋白比较,变异型LZTR1蛋白的表达量降低了81.20%。结论 LZTR1基因c.851G>A(p.Arg 284His)变异可能是NS10的致病原因。

利用中华蜜蜂工蜂幼虫肠道转录组纳米孔长读段数据完善东方蜜蜂参考基因组序列和功能注释

【目的】将已获得的中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana转录组纳米孔长读段数据比对到东方蜜蜂A.cerana参考基因组,进行注释基因的结构优化,鉴定未注释的新基因和新转录本并进行功能注释以及预测其SSR位点、完整ORF和转录因子(transcription factor,TF)家族及成员的分析验证,完善现有的东方蜜蜂参考基因组序列和功能注释。【方法】基于已获得的高质量的接种蜜蜂球囊菌Ascosphaera apis的中华蜜蜂工蜂4,5和6日龄幼虫肠道转录组纳米孔测序数据,使用gffcompare软件将已鉴定到的全长转录本比对到东方蜜蜂参考基因组以优化已注释基因的结构;采用gffcompare软件鉴定参考基因组上未注释的新基因和新转录本,再通过比对Nr,KOG,eggNOG,GO和KEGG数据库进行功能注释;使用MISA,TransDecoder v3.0.0和animalTFDB 2.0软件分别预测SSR位点、完整ORF和TF家族及成员。【结果】共对东方蜜蜂参考基因组上已注释的4648个基因结构进行了优化,对1336个基因同时延长了5′UTR和3′UTR,分别延长了1688个基因的5′UTR和1624个基因的3′UTR;共鉴定到2148个新基因,其中分别有818,298,587,359和333个新基因可注释到Nr,KOG,eggNOG,GO和KEGG数据库;共鉴定到35432条新转录本,其中分别有30974,21222,29025,19852和9214条新转录本可注释到上述5个数据库;共发掘出22541个SSR位点,其中单、双、三和六碱基重复的SSR数量分别为12078,7140,2825和43个,混合SSR的数量为2964个,分布频率最高的类型是单碱基重复(153.37个/Mb);共预测到58个TF家族及1611个成员;共预测出28775个完整ORF,其中编码长度分布在100~200个氨基酸的ORF(38.99%)最多。【结论】研究结果优化了东方蜜蜂参考基因组上已注释基因的结构,并补充了参考基因组上未注释的新基因、新转录本、SSR、完整ORF及TF。

基于转录测序技术对KIT基因在听觉色素障碍类疾病初步研究

目的 利用KITF860S突变耳聋小鼠模型研究探讨KIT基因突变导致听觉色素障碍类疾病致聋的分子机制。方法 利用稳定遗传的KITF860S小鼠模型家系,并对家系中不同表型个体进行长期听觉电生理测试、同窝不同表型小鼠病理切片、进行全基因组转录测序分析其表达差异基因。结果 该小鼠模型家系内杂合型小鼠在初期与野生型小鼠听力表型并无明显差距,在5月龄时表现为渐进性听力下降,纯合型小鼠在听力形成初期即表现为先天性中重度听力下降,10周龄时即表现为全聋表现。转录测序结果显示,以野生型小鼠为对照,氧化磷酸化通路在KIT基因纯合突变及杂合突变中均表现为下调,紧密连接通路在KIT基因不同组别比较中为不同上下调表现。结论本研究结果表明,KIT基因突变所致听觉色素障碍类疾病表现与氧化磷酸化、紧密连接等通路相关目的基因靶蛋白表达异常有一定相关性,最终导致听力损失。对KIT基因突变致病分子机制的研究对于丰富人类耳聋基因库具有重要意义,也为后续相关综合征类疾病基因治疗提供理论基础。

基于转录组测序的红树莓bHLH转录因子家族鉴定及分析

bHLH转录因子是植物中数量较大的一类转录因子家族,在植物的生长发育、次级代谢调控、激素响应等方面发挥着重要作用。红树莓果实中含有丰富的树莓酮,为了深入探究bHLH转录因子在红树莓生长发育及树莓酮合成过程中的作用,该研究基于‘波尔卡’和‘橙色传奇’2种红树莓果实的转录组测序,鉴定了红树莓bHLH基因家族成员,并对这些基因进行生物信息学分析。结果表明:(1)红树莓果实中共鉴定到95个bHLH转录因子家族成员。(2)红树莓的bHLH转录因子家族成员多数为不稳定蛋白;超过半数成员定位于细胞核。(3)bHLH转录因子N端包含保守的His5-Glu9-Arg13序列,C端包含保守的Leu序列。(4)系统发育树将该家族成员分为20个亚家族,其中R亚家族成员最多,有12个。(5)表达模式图表明bHLH转录因子在青果期表达量较高,成熟期表达量较低。该研究结果为筛选与树莓酮含量变化一致的bHLH转录因子提供了依据,为进一步探究红树莓bHLH家族的功能提供了参考。

中华蜜蜂酚氧化酶和丝氨酸蛋白酶相关基因及其全长转录本发掘与分析

为深入开展中华蜜蜂相关研究提供参考信息和基础,利用已获得的纳米孔(Nanopore)测序数据对中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana的酚氧化酶(phenoloxidase,PO)和丝氨酸蛋白酶(serine protease,SP)相关基因和全长转录本进行发掘和分析。通过Blast工具将中华蜜蜂所有全长转录本比对KEGG和Nr数据库以筛选出PO和SP相关基因和全长转录本。采用gffcompare软件将PO和SP相关全长转录本与东方蜜蜂参考基因组(ACSNU-2.0)已注释基因进行比较以优化结构。使用Astalavista软件鉴定PO和SP相关基因的可变剪接(alternative splicing,AS)事件,再利用IGV浏览器进行结构可视化。通过PCR验证AS事件的真实性。利用TAPIS pipeline预测和分析可变多聚腺苷酸化(alternative polyadenylation,APA)位点,并通过TBtool软件鉴定APA位点上游的基序(motif)。鉴定到中华蜜蜂PO和SP相关的42个基因与146条转录本。优化了16个参考基因组已注释PO和SP相关基因的结构,其中5′端延长和3′端延长的基因均有7个,5′端和3′端同时延长的基因有2个。鉴定到PO和SP相关的10个基因的389次AS事件,其中最丰富的AS类型是5′端可变剪接。PCR结果证实了2次AS事件的真实性。共鉴定到34个PO和SP相关基因含有1个及以上的APA位点,其中含有3个APA位点的基因数量最多;在APA位点上游鉴定到多个motif,一致性序列为:GGHKSYWSHHTRATWTCNBHDMRRYWYRTNYTVACNGCKGCDCAYTGYR。鉴定到中华蜜蜂PO和SP相关的42个基因和146条全长转录本,优化了东方蜜蜂参考基因组已注释的PO和SP相关基因结构,并发掘出PO和SP相关基因的389次AS事件和237个APA位点。

基于高通量测序对大鼠骨髓干细胞及诱导后成骨细胞的环状RNA表达差异分析研究

目的:对环状RNA调控大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)及成骨分化的差异表达进行研究,构建大鼠BMSCs全转组录基因数据库,获得特异性基因表达谱,进行功能注释和信号通路等生物信息学分析。方法:采用高通量测序技术检测大鼠BMSCs的成骨分化过程中环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)部分的差异性表达。通过基因本体(gene ontology,GO)注释分析以及京都基因和基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)进行通路富集分析,对具有差异性表达的环状RNA进行功能注释。结果:在大鼠BMSCs成骨分化过程中,每个样本中预测到的circRNA数量为4230个,每个样本中预测到的特异的circRNA为1820个。高通量测序结果显示,在大鼠BMSCs成骨分化过程中共检测到2822个circRNA;总共检测到29个具有差异性表达的circRNA。结论:发现许多差异表达的circRNA与细胞的成骨分化密切相关。这些差异表达circRNA为潜在调控大鼠BMSCs及成骨分化的分子机制提供线索与依据。

日本鳗鲡TBK-1基因的克隆及免疫刺激的表达模式

利用PCR技术克隆了日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)TBK-1基因(AjTBK-1),其开放阅读框为2193 bp,编码731个氨基酸。序列结构分析结果显示,AjTBK-1含有4个保守结构域,分别为氨基端激酶结构域,泛素样结构域和羧基端两个卷曲-螺旋结构域。系统发育分析表明,鱼类与四足类的TBK-1各自聚为一枝。实时定量PCR(qPCR)结果显示,AjTBK-1在日本鳗鲡各组织中均有表达。Poly I:C刺激6 h后,日本鳗鲡脾脏组织中AjTBK-1的上调倍数最高,为对照组的1.63倍;迟缓爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella tarda)感染24 h后,日本鳗鲡肝脏组织中AjTBK-1的上调倍数最高,为对照组的2.2倍:表明AjTBK-1参与了日本鳗鲡抗病毒、抗细菌免疫反应应答。