Reliability-Based Full-Life Cycle Optimum Design of Offshore Jacket Platform

Based on the consideration of operation environment and structural property, an optimum design model of offshore jacket platform is developed in this paper, namely, the reliability-based full-life cycle optimum design model. In this model, the time-dependent reliability assessment method for structural members is established by combination of the decrease of sectional size and performance deterioration of material. The initial investment, maintenance cost and failure loss cost are assembled into the model. The total cost of the platform structure system in its full service period is chosen as the objective function, and the initial reliabilities of the layer elements partitioned in advance are taken as the design variables. Different models are obtained, depending on whether the system reliability constraint is considered or not. This optimum design model can result in the lowest full-life cost and the optimal initial layer reliability of an offshore jacket platform in the design of marine structures. The feasibility of this model is illustrated with an actual jacket platform in the Liaodong Gulf as an example.

Influence of pipe parameters and heat input on thermal cycle of in-service welding onto active gas pipeline

The software of SYSWELD was used to build model and simulate thermal cycle of in-service welding onto active gas pipeline. Influence of pipe diameter, wall thickness and heat input on thermal cycle was studied. The results show that t8/5 , t8/3 and peak temperature of inner surface decrease when wall thickness increases from 5 mm to 12 mm. But t8/1 will increases with the increase of wall thickness and will decrease after the wall thickness is larger than 7 mm. Pipe diameter has little influence on thermal cycle and that influence can be ignored when pipe diameter is greater than 273 mm. t8/5 , t8/3 , t8/1 and peak temperature of inner surface will increase with the increase of heat input.

Changes in functions,forms,and locations of lead during its anthropogenic flows to provide services

Knowledge of the changes in a material’s function, form, and location during the transfer and transformation of materials to generate human services will improve our understanding of how humanity interacts with the environment and of how services are formed by human activities. We compared lead’s anthropogenic and biogeochemical cycles and found that the services, pathways, and changes in form requiring the most attention. We traced lead through its life cycle and identified the changes in its functions, forms, and locations by examining technology and engineering information. Lead ore and scrap were the two main anthropogenic sources of lead. When lead provides human services, its main functions included the storage and delivery of electricity, anti-corrosion treatments, and radiation protection; the main forms of lead in these products were Pb, PbO2 and PbSO4, and the main location changed from lithosphere in central China to regions in eastern China.

Integration and Innovation of the Urban Water Cycle： The Waternet Experience

Waternet is the first water cycle company in the Netherlands, responsible for drinking water treatment and distribution, wastewater collection and treatment, and water system management and control in and around Amsterdam. Waternet started on 1 January 2006 to overcome the disadvantages of the rather fragmented organisation of the Dutch public water sector. The water cycle concept offers better opportunities to meet the future challenges in the water sector. The first four years of operation of Waternet show very promising results with respect to efficiency, customer orientation and quality improvement. To further develop the water cycle concept and to find sustainable solutions for the challenges the water sector is confronted with, Waternet focuses on six strategic innovation areas the coming years： water resources and water system; closing the water cycle; sustainability; new sanitation concepts; new products and services; management innovations.

Emerging Trends of Outsourcing Business to Cloud Computing Services: A Perspective Study

Developments in service oriented architecture (SOA) have taken us near to the once fictional dream of forming and running an online business, such commercial activity in which most or all of its commercial roles are outsourced to online services. The novel concept of cloud computing gives a understanding of SOA in which Information Technology assets are provided as services that are extra flexible, inexpensive and striking to commercial activities. In this paper, we concisely study developments in concept of cloud computing, and debate the advantages of using cloud services for commercial activities and trade-offs that they have to consider. Further we presented a layered architecture for online business, and then we presented a conceptual architecture for complete online business working atmosphere. Moreover, we discuss the prospects and research experiments that are ahead of us in realizing the technical components of this conceptual architecture. We conclude by giving the outlook and impact of cloud services on both large and small businesses.

Carbon Footprint of Recycling Service in Waste Treatment: Used Beverage Cans and Waste Papers

There are very few studies of the Carbon Footprint of Products (CFPs) in the service sector (e.g. transport and waste treatment) in comparison with those of industrial products and farm products. In this study, the CFPs of the recycling services of used beverage cans (aluminum and steel) and waste papers (cardboard, magazine and newspaper) in waste treatment were estimated as a first trial model of the service sector. Regarding the CFPs of whole life cycle of the recycling services, the amounts of CO2-equivalent (CO2e) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the collection and transportation process were the largest in all recycling cases. The reason that the collection and transportation process emits the largest amounts of GHG emissions is that the collection vehicles (trucks) consume the large amounts of diesel fuel. Regarding the CFPs of the capital equipment, the amounts of GHG emissions from the capital equipment were the second largest in all recycling cases. It was found that the percentages of amounts of GHG emissions from the capital equipment in the recycling services were larger than those of industrial products and farm products.

Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises （SMEs） in Personal Services

Entrepreneurship has become an attribute of the current growth without business activities. Entrepreneurship is a global world. It is not possible to think about economic driving force of technological development and scientific research. It materializes knowledge and involvement of people and society. Expansion of business activities is a source of individual country＇s economic performance. It contributes to the development of people＇s living standards. In every market economy, it represents an irreplaceable role for small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. A strong representation of＂micro-enterprises＂ can be found in the field of personal services. Companies within the course of their existence go through particular stages of their development--from their foundation through the stage of steady development. After this stage, there comes their decline that can develop even into their termination. We indicate this process as a company life cycle. The aim of the submitted project is to map the life cycle of particularly chosen companies providing accommodation and catering services and to find a mutual relation among observed quantities and their stable economic positions in the market. The analysis is based on the data of macro-economic character, the data about development of receipts in the sector, development of inflation, tempo of economic growth, and development of consumer prices. Out of a company, non-financial factors will also be considered. The core of the analysis is the stage of sustainable stability of the assessed companies. The point of the findings is revelation of the causes of risks of possible transition into the stage of termination due to the decline of services volume, decline of profitability, and long-lasting payment insolvency. The contribution of the project is to draw our attention to possible risks of critical situation development and to propose how to avoid them so that the company will not occur in financial straits. Achieved information could assist the company management to make relevant decisions.

主动健康背景下公立医院全生命周期健康科普体系建设的探索及实践

健康科普是提升全民健康素养的关键手段。为进一步推进健康科普知识普及行动,传播主动健康理念,广西壮族自治区人民医院(广西医学科学院)对如何在公立医院中构建全人群、全生命周期、全方位的健康科普体系进行了实践探索。该文从健康科普体系的核心要素、构建要求、运行管理模式等方面进行了阐述,并就如何搭建科普资源共享信息化平台、制定科普规范标准、建设健康科普基地和应用推广等进行了策略分析,为进一步推动全民健康知识普及提供借鉴。

再制造产品服务系统经济性评价建模与应用

再制造产品服务系统是一种基于再制造产品和服务以满足用户需求为目标的商业整合系统,现有研究分析产品服务系统对企业实施再制造的促进作用,但是缺乏从产品全生命周期角度研究企业实施再制造产品服务系统经济可行性。针对再制造产品服务系统经济性评价问题,首先分析再制造产品服务系统的运行体系及成本分解结构,然后构建再制造产品服务系统的经济性评价模型,最后以发动机再制造产品服务系统为研究对象开展案例研究和应用。结果表明,企业实施再制造产品服务系统具有广泛的经济效益,再制造产品服务系统不仅可以成为企业的盈利增长点,还能够降低用户成本,同时实现节能减排,减少环境治理和资源消耗成本。所提出的分析模型可以为企业制定再制造实施策略,选择再制造技术和服务模式提供一定的参考和管理启示。

焦点循环管理法在静脉用药调配中心多环节质量控制中的应用

目的探讨焦点循环管理法(FOCUS-PDCA)在静脉用药调配中心多环节质量控制中的应用效果。方法跟踪2016—2022年淄博市中心医院东院静脉药物调配中心各年各类错误发生情况,采用FOCUS-PDCA发现问题,分析原因,制订相应的目标及措施并持续改进,2016年FOCUS-PDCA实施前用药医嘱作为对照组,2017—2019年FOCUS-PDCA实施后用药医嘱作为第一轮干预组,2020—2022年FOCUS-PDCA实施后用药医嘱作为第二轮干预组,分析两轮干预前后不合理医嘱未审核率,排药、贴签、混合调配及复核包装不合格率变化情况。结果第一轮干预组排药、贴签和混合调配不合格率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.017);第一轮干预组不合理医嘱未审核率和复核包装不合格率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。第二轮干预组各类质量不合格率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.017);第二轮干预组不合理医嘱未审核出率、排药和复核包装不合格率低于第一轮干预组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.017);第二轮干预组贴签和混合调配不合格率与第一轮干预组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论FOCUS-PDCA能显著降低静脉用药调配中心的错误发生率,为临床合理用药提供保障。

构建新发展格局视域下的营商环境治理研究

营商环境治理作为中国国家治理的重要部分,是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要标志,也是中国式现代化在经济领域的突出表现,彰显着国家治理现代化水平。因此,要牢牢把握营商环境发展方向,坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的二十大精神为指导、以中国式现代化为目标、以马克思主义中国化时代性成果和经验为基础,将营商环境的制度优势转化为国家治理效能。文章以中国式现代化作为营商环境治理的方向引领,以大国经济发展理论、新新贸易理论、马克思主义政治经济学为理论支撑,剖析了构建新发展格局视域下营商环境治理的内在机制,即大国经济理论从“人口规模巨大的现代化”出发,从人口规模多样性和市场多样性的现实角度,揭示了构建形成强大国内市场的重要意义;共同富裕、物质文明与精神文明相协调、人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化目标,与新新贸易理论中基于企业异质性、挖掘企业潜力、关注企业参与度与社会责任感、最终实现产业整体效益的逻辑相符合;马克思主义政治经济学追求的国民经济良性循环目标,从国内国际“双循环”的角度,诠释了“和平发展道路”的政治经济学内涵。其次,文章基于三大理论基础,解析新发展格局视域下营商环境治理促进经济发展的多维动态逻辑,即基于大国经济发展理论的要素市场化配置逻辑、基于新新贸易理论的产业链供应链升级逻辑与基于马克思主义政治经济学的现代流通体系建设逻辑。最后,文章将营商环境治理的多维动态逻辑融入中国当前构建新发展格局的目标取向和战略选择中,提出构建新发展格局视域下营商环境治理的市场化改革路径、创新驱动路径和“放管服”改革路径,三条作用路径相辅相成、协同发力,以制度创新为新发展格局经济体系注入源源不断的活力。

公立医院物业外包服务全生命周期管理

医院物业服务外包项目通常为2-3年一个周期,本文从项目招标阶段、合同执行阶段、项目交接阶段进行分析,以广州医科大学附属第二医院为例,探讨公立医院物业外包服务全生命周期管理关键点及其策略。

PDCA循环管理在提高床均医疗质量安全不良事件上报例数中的应用效果

目的根据等级医院评审和三级公立医院绩效考核的要求,研究计划-实施-检查-处理(Plan-Do-Check-Action,PDCA)循环管理在提高床均医疗质量安全不良事件上报例数中的应用效果。方法选取广东省农垦中心医院2021年1—12月床均医疗质量安全不良事件上报例数进行现状分析,并制定改进措施,持续监测;再选取2022年1—12月的床均医疗质量安全不良事件报告情况,通过对比改进前后验证PDCA循环法的作用效果。结果2022年1—12月医疗质量安全不良事件上报例数为887例,季度床均医疗质量安全不良事件报告例数分别为:第一季度15.5例,第二季度21.0例,第三季度19.4例,第四季度32.8例。2021—2022年床均医疗质量安全不良事件上报例数呈上升趋势。2022年1—12月医院不良事件上报例数高于2021年1—12月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论运用PDCA循环的管理思路能有效提高床均医疗质量安全不良事件上报例数,加强医疗安全,提高服务质量。

科技服务业政策文本的城市比较研究

基于政策工具和科技企业全生命周期理论,构建科技服务业政策分析框架,对咸阳市、马鞍山市和扬州市2016-2023年科技服务业政策文本进行量化的频数统计和城市比较分析。比较结果发现:咸阳市需求面政策工具使用频次最高,对创立期企业关注更多;马鞍山市供给面政策工具使用频次最高,侧重种子期企业政策支持;扬州市则环境面政策工具使用频次最高,侧重成长期企业政策指引。在此基础上,分别从政策工具和生命周期两个视角,提出加快咸阳市科技服务业高质量发展的政策建议。

混合进化算法求解多环节资源配置优化问题

资源配置优化问题是制造业价值链管理的基础问题。然而,现有研究多集中在生产环节,对制造全生命周期的整体考虑不足。研究考虑多环节的制造全生命周期资源配置优化问题(MLCRAOP),旨在通过优化研发设计、生产制造、运维服务和配套设备供应环节的服务资源,提升全生命周期的资源配置客户满意度。将时间、成本、质量指标纳入目标函数构建整数规划模型,提出一种混合进化算法用于求解MLCRAOP。通过在设计案例上的对比实验,验证了混合进化算法具有优异的性能。

深圳推广实施UDI促“三医联动”新发展的实践思考

自2019年以来,医疗器械唯一标识(UDI)推广应用工作正在全国范围内分阶段、分步骤实施。深圳市先行先试,严格按照国家和省市相关政策要求落实相关工作,在UDI政策、标准、技术和应用等多个层面进行了探索,以标准先行、行业宣贯、企业培训、平台应用全方位建设医疗器械追溯体系,UDI的推广实施已取得实质性成效。深圳市形成“一个平台支撑,两个端口发力,三个部门联动,四个标准指引”的工作模式,搭建全省首个UDI追溯平台并于2021年10月14日正式上线启用,以UDI编码为关键信息,采集医疗器械的生产、流通和临床使用信息,为落地实施UDI工作提供技术支撑、精准监管和智慧监管。该平台现已通过数据接口等方式采集了来自深圳400余家制造商的8万多种产品(UDI-DIs),深圳30余家甲级三级医院的100余万条临床患者使用信息。目前,深圳市正以UDI追溯平台作为推动UDI实施工作的实际“抓手”,有序扩大UDI实施企业范围,增加医疗机构试点,丰富数据对接方式。本研究总结了深圳市UDI推广实施过程中遇到的挑战以及应对策略和方法,梳理了深圳市推广UDI实施的成效做法,旨在以推广UDI工作为契机,形成推动“三医联动”应用示范效应和可复制的经验总结,为全面实现深圳市医疗器械全生命周期精准追溯和深圳市医疗器械产业高质量发展贡献力量。

城市社区公共体育服务质量管理优化:框架设计、创新实践与路径选择——基于PDCA管理循环理论

城市社区公共体育服务质量管理是推进体育强国战略实施,增进社区居民福祉的根本内容。通过文献资料、实地调研与案例分析等研究方法,结合PDCA质量管理循环模型,搭建城市社区公共体育服务质量管理优化的PDCA循环机制。从“对接服务需求、提供服务决策、监控服务评价、完善服务改进”全流程的互嵌式质量管理循环切入,分析广东、湖南、浙江、江苏4省社区体育服务质量管理实践探索内容。基于此,提出城市社区公共体育服务质量管理优化的实施路径,通过主动下沉深度挖掘,推动供需动态融合;推进政民互动策略相叠,彰显决策共创价值;利用标准引领协同互动,注重多元评价管控;凭借数智驱动强化响应,提升信息传递效能。

全方位全周期健康服务体系的优化路径研究

全方位全周期健康服务体系的优化对健康中国的建设有着重要意义。本文从健康服务角度出发,构建健康服务体系系统动力学模型,从政策支持、资源保障、产业支撑3个维度,基于2012—2023年间全国GDP、健康服务业产值、第三产业产值情况,预测分析2024—2025年间的健康服务业发展。研究发现健康服务业是全国经济发展的强劲动力,在对这两者的促进作用中,政策支持是首要引导,人才和技术是关键保证,保险体系和信息化建设是重要保障。

大型公立医院全方位全周期患者服务体系建设探索

当前,患者就医体验已成为衡量医疗服务质量水平的重要指标之一。在分析我国患者就医体验现状及存在问题的基础上,介绍了青岛大学附属医院坚持以患者为中心,聚焦非医疗技术类服务质量持续改进,以信息技术为依托,根据系统理论和基于服务流程优化,围绕1个中心、2大服务流程、9大支柱服务体系、5项保障基础,探索构建了全方位全周期患者服务体系,为改善患者就医体验提供了理论支持和实践参考。

煤矸石集料的加速风化制度研究

本文以三种不同排放地的原状煤矸石为研究对象,分别采用干湿循环、冻融循环以及耐崩解性试验对煤矸石集料进行加速风化,旨在研究煤矸石的风化特性。以加速风化后的煤矸石集料质量损失率和压碎值指标对煤矸石风化特性进行表征,研究加速风化制度、颗粒粒径、服役状态对煤矸石集料风化特性的影响,同时采用XRD、SEM以及EDS微观测试手段揭示煤矸石的风化机理。结果表明:采用干湿循环方式得到的煤矸石集料质量损失率和压碎值指标与自然状态下煤矸石集料风化180 d的最为接近,同时煤矸石集料粒径越大越容易发生风化,且服役状态下,煤矸石集料的风化作用不明显。微观测试结果表明,煤矸石风化机理为在风化过程中煤矸石内部的矿物组成及结构受到破坏,导致煤矸石发生崩解、脱落,而服役状态下的煤矸石由于被胶凝材料包裹,风化概率有效减小。