Available water for human needs and agriculture is a growing global concern. Agriculture uses approximately 70% of global freshwater, mainly for irrigation. The Lower Fraser Valley (LFV), British Columbia, is one of t...Available water for human needs and agriculture is a growing global concern. Agriculture uses approximately 70% of global freshwater, mainly for irrigation. The Lower Fraser Valley (LFV), British Columbia, is one of the most productive agricultural regions in Canada, supporting livestock production and a wide variety of crops. Water scarcity is a growing concern that threatens the long-term productivity, sustainability, and economic viability of the LFV’s agriculture. We used the BC Agriculture Water Demand Model as a tool to determine how crop choice, irrigation system, and land-use changes can affect predicted water requirements under these different conditions, which can aid stakeholders to formulate better management decisions. We conducted a comparative assessment of the irrigation water demand of seven major commercial crops, by distinct soil management groups, at nineteen representative sites, that use both sprinkler vs drip irrigation. Drip irrigation was consistently more water-efficient than sprinkler irrigation for all crops. Of the major commercial crops assessed, raspberries were the most efficient in irrigation water demand, while forage and pasture had the highest calculated irrigation water demand. Significant reductions in total irrigation water demand (up to 57%) can be made by switching irrigation systems and/or crops. This assessment can aid LFV growers in their land-use choices and could contribute to the selection of water management decisions and agricultural policies.展开更多
[目的]客观分析灌区农业水土资源匹配状况和承载力水平,进而促进灌区农业高质量发展和保障国家粮食安全。[方法]以江苏典型灌区为研究对象,通过计算基尼系数与农业水土资源匹配系数进行水土资源匹配现状分析,通过构建涵盖水土资源、经...[目的]客观分析灌区农业水土资源匹配状况和承载力水平,进而促进灌区农业高质量发展和保障国家粮食安全。[方法]以江苏典型灌区为研究对象,通过计算基尼系数与农业水土资源匹配系数进行水土资源匹配现状分析,通过构建涵盖水土资源、经济、生态和社会子系统的灌区农业水土资源承载力评价体系,运用熵权法TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution)、障碍度和耦合协调度模型,对典型灌区农业水土资源承载力系统健康度、影响因子和耦合协调度开展了研究。[结果](1)典型灌区基尼系数G=0.26,优于同期全国水土资源匹配水平,各灌区水土资源匹配系数为2800~11500 m^(3)/hm^(2),水土资源匹配水平差异显著;(2)各灌区水土资源承载力系统处在中低等水平,现状条件下开发潜力有限,社会子系统为影响承载力系统健康度的关键因素;(3)各灌区水土资源承载力系统处在基本协调发展状态,耦合协调度与承载力系统健康度呈正相关关系,系统耦合协调性很大程度地限制了农业水土资源承载力的发展。[结论]江苏典型灌区整体水土资源均衡,各灌区之间水土资源匹配水平和承载力健康度差异显著,灌区各子系统之间存在不均衡发展,社会子系统成为限制承载力系统健康度发展的关键因素。展开更多
文摘Available water for human needs and agriculture is a growing global concern. Agriculture uses approximately 70% of global freshwater, mainly for irrigation. The Lower Fraser Valley (LFV), British Columbia, is one of the most productive agricultural regions in Canada, supporting livestock production and a wide variety of crops. Water scarcity is a growing concern that threatens the long-term productivity, sustainability, and economic viability of the LFV’s agriculture. We used the BC Agriculture Water Demand Model as a tool to determine how crop choice, irrigation system, and land-use changes can affect predicted water requirements under these different conditions, which can aid stakeholders to formulate better management decisions. We conducted a comparative assessment of the irrigation water demand of seven major commercial crops, by distinct soil management groups, at nineteen representative sites, that use both sprinkler vs drip irrigation. Drip irrigation was consistently more water-efficient than sprinkler irrigation for all crops. Of the major commercial crops assessed, raspberries were the most efficient in irrigation water demand, while forage and pasture had the highest calculated irrigation water demand. Significant reductions in total irrigation water demand (up to 57%) can be made by switching irrigation systems and/or crops. This assessment can aid LFV growers in their land-use choices and could contribute to the selection of water management decisions and agricultural policies.
文摘[目的]客观分析灌区农业水土资源匹配状况和承载力水平,进而促进灌区农业高质量发展和保障国家粮食安全。[方法]以江苏典型灌区为研究对象,通过计算基尼系数与农业水土资源匹配系数进行水土资源匹配现状分析,通过构建涵盖水土资源、经济、生态和社会子系统的灌区农业水土资源承载力评价体系,运用熵权法TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution)、障碍度和耦合协调度模型,对典型灌区农业水土资源承载力系统健康度、影响因子和耦合协调度开展了研究。[结果](1)典型灌区基尼系数G=0.26,优于同期全国水土资源匹配水平,各灌区水土资源匹配系数为2800~11500 m^(3)/hm^(2),水土资源匹配水平差异显著;(2)各灌区水土资源承载力系统处在中低等水平,现状条件下开发潜力有限,社会子系统为影响承载力系统健康度的关键因素;(3)各灌区水土资源承载力系统处在基本协调发展状态,耦合协调度与承载力系统健康度呈正相关关系,系统耦合协调性很大程度地限制了农业水土资源承载力的发展。[结论]江苏典型灌区整体水土资源均衡,各灌区之间水土资源匹配水平和承载力健康度差异显著,灌区各子系统之间存在不均衡发展,社会子系统成为限制承载力系统健康度发展的关键因素。
