In this article the plasma-chemical synthesis of nanosized powders （nitrides, car- bides, oxides, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes） is reviewed. Nanosized powders - nitrides, carbides, oxides, carbon nanotubes and fu...In this article the plasma-chemical synthesis of nanosized powders （nitrides, car- bides, oxides, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes） is reviewed. Nanosized powders - nitrides, carbides, oxides, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes have been successfully produced using different techniques, technological apparatuses and conditions for their plasma-chemical synthesis.展开更多
The highest occupied molecular orbital（HOMO） energies of fullerenes are found by quantitative first-principles calculations to be raised by negative charging, and the rising rate rank of the fullerenes is C60 >C7...The highest occupied molecular orbital（HOMO） energies of fullerenes are found by quantitative first-principles calculations to be raised by negative charging, and the rising rate rank of the fullerenes is C60 >C70 >C80 >C90>C100 >C180. Then we compare fullerenes with carbon nanotubes（CNTs） and graphene sheets（GSs） and find that the increase of the HOMO energy of a fullerene is much faster than that of CNTs and graphene sheets with the same number of C atoms. The rising rate rank is fullerene>CNT>GS, which holds no matter what the number of C atoms is or which structure the fullerene isomer is. This work paves a new path for developing all-carbon devices with low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials as different functional elements.展开更多
Surfactant complexation may have significant effects on the environmental behavior of nano-particles.In order to understand the ecological exposure of nano-materials,it is important to determine the stability and mobi...Surfactant complexation may have significant effects on the environmental behavior of nano-particles.In order to understand the ecological exposure of nano-materials,it is important to determine the stability and mobility of surfactant-complexed nano-materials in aqueous systems.In this study,the aggregation and transport of C（60） complexed by the surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate（SDBS）were investigated.It was found that SDBS-complexed C-（60） had aζ-potential of-49.5 m V under near-neutral p H conditions and remained stable during an aging period of 15 days.It had a critical coagulation concentration of 550 mmol/L for Na Cl,which was higher than common natural colloids and many kinds of raw nano-materials,and was comparable to those of many kinds of surface-modified nano-materials.SDBS enhanced the stability of C（60） colloid;however,at the same time,it also enhanced the colloidal particle aggregation rate.Much higher mobility was found for SDBS-complexed C（60） than C（60） colloid.Increase in ionic strength,Ca^2＋ concentration or Al^（3＋） concentration decreased the mobility.In general,SDBS-complexed C（60） had high stability and mobility.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Fund of the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science (Project DO 02-199/17.12.2008)
文摘In this article the plasma-chemical synthesis of nanosized powders （nitrides, car- bides, oxides, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes） is reviewed. Nanosized powders - nitrides, carbides, oxides, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes have been successfully produced using different techniques, technological apparatuses and conditions for their plasma-chemical synthesis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11374174,51390471,51527803,and 51701143the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2015CB654902+4 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program under Grant No 2016YFB0700402the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation under Grant No 201141the National Program for Thousand Young Talents of China,the Tianjin Municipal Education Commissionthe Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Commissionthe Fundamental Research Fund of Tianjin University of Technology
文摘The highest occupied molecular orbital（HOMO） energies of fullerenes are found by quantitative first-principles calculations to be raised by negative charging, and the rising rate rank of the fullerenes is C60 >C70 >C80 >C90>C100 >C180. Then we compare fullerenes with carbon nanotubes（CNTs） and graphene sheets（GSs） and find that the increase of the HOMO energy of a fullerene is much faster than that of CNTs and graphene sheets with the same number of C atoms. The rising rate rank is fullerene>CNT>GS, which holds no matter what the number of C atoms is or which structure the fullerene isomer is. This work paves a new path for developing all-carbon devices with low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials as different functional elements.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41473113,41273123)the National Basic Research Program(973)of China(No.2011CB933700-G)
文摘Surfactant complexation may have significant effects on the environmental behavior of nano-particles.In order to understand the ecological exposure of nano-materials,it is important to determine the stability and mobility of surfactant-complexed nano-materials in aqueous systems.In this study,the aggregation and transport of C（60） complexed by the surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate（SDBS）were investigated.It was found that SDBS-complexed C-（60） had aζ-potential of-49.5 m V under near-neutral p H conditions and remained stable during an aging period of 15 days.It had a critical coagulation concentration of 550 mmol/L for Na Cl,which was higher than common natural colloids and many kinds of raw nano-materials,and was comparable to those of many kinds of surface-modified nano-materials.SDBS enhanced the stability of C（60） colloid;however,at the same time,it also enhanced the colloidal particle aggregation rate.Much higher mobility was found for SDBS-complexed C（60） than C（60） colloid.Increase in ionic strength,Ca^2＋ concentration or Al^（3＋） concentration decreased the mobility.In general,SDBS-complexed C（60） had high stability and mobility.
