Background Generally speaking. Chinese college graduates in the fifties and sixties took Russian as their second language, and those who graduated in the seventies had no second language to speak of. Now, in the years...Background Generally speaking. Chinese college graduates in the fifties and sixties took Russian as their second language, and those who graduated in the seventies had no second language to speak of. Now, in the years of our Open Door Policy, they find they have to learn some English and learn it quickly. They try to learn from radio and TV and many take English courses of 4 to 6 months, with varying degree of success. Their chief stumbling blocks展开更多
The translation of Chinese ancient poems has always been the direction of many translators at home and abroad,and the translation of color words has gradually become the object of study.However,due to the difference b...The translation of Chinese ancient poems has always been the direction of many translators at home and abroad,and the translation of color words has gradually become the object of study.However,due to the difference between translation theory and perspective,there are many controversial translations.Based on the theory of "functional equivalence" proposed by American translation theorist Eugene Nida,this paper analyzes the concrete translation of Chinese ancient poems,and aims to explore how to translate the color words in ancient poems in the best way,And summed up the specific and practical translation methods.展开更多
In this study, we regard written texts as time series data and try to investigate dynamic correlations of word occurrences by utilizing an autocorrelation function (ACF). After defining appropriate formula for the ACF...In this study, we regard written texts as time series data and try to investigate dynamic correlations of word occurrences by utilizing an autocorrelation function (ACF). After defining appropriate formula for the ACF that is suitable for expressing the dynamic correlations of words, we use the formula to calculate ACFs for frequent words in 12 books. The ACFs obtained can be classified into two groups: One group of ACFs shows dynamic correlations, with these ACFs well described by a modified Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) function;the other group of ACFs shows no correlations, with these ACFs fitted by a simple stepdown function. A word having the former ACF is called a Type-I word and a word with the latter ACF is called a Type-II word. It is also shown that the ACFs of Type-II words can be derived theoretically by assuming that the stochastic process governing word occurrence is a homogeneous Poisson point process. Based on the fitting of the ACFs by KWW and stepdown functions, we propose a measure of word importance which expresses the extent to which a word is important in a particular text. The validity of the measure is confirmed by using the Kleinburg’s burst detection algorithm.展开更多
This research analyzes the culture-loaded words in English version of Tales of Hulan River bases on functional equivalence theory.The major point is what strategies Howard Goldblatt uses to achieve the equivalences in...This research analyzes the culture-loaded words in English version of Tales of Hulan River bases on functional equivalence theory.The major point is what strategies Howard Goldblatt uses to achieve the equivalences in semantic message,stylistic message,cultural message and response of readers,and the reasons why he uses them.This thesis contains four chapters,starting with the background,significances and the organization of the research.Chapter two introduces Tales of Hulan River as well as Xiao Hong and Howard Goldblatt,as well as the functional equivalence theory.To analyze the translation strategies of Goldblatt,chapter three divided the culture-loaded words into three categories,which is dialect,custom and proverb respectively,in this translation work of Tales of Hulan River from the perspective of functional equivalence theory.Last one is conclusion,summarizing the whole research.This paper highlights the translating of this novel into different languages and the spreading of Chinese culture.展开更多
This article deals with the reflective function of the differential systems. The results are applied to discussion of the existence and stability of the periodic solutions of these systems.
A new algorithm based on genetic algorithm(GA) is developed for solving function optimization problems with inequality constraints. This algorithm has been used to a series of standard test problems and exhibited good...A new algorithm based on genetic algorithm(GA) is developed for solving function optimization problems with inequality constraints. This algorithm has been used to a series of standard test problems and exhibited good performance. The computation results show that its generality, precision, robustness, simplicity and performance are all satisfactory.展开更多
In a previous study, we introduced dynamical aspects of written texts by regarding serial sentence number from the first to last sentence of a given text as discretized time. Using this definition of a textual timelin...In a previous study, we introduced dynamical aspects of written texts by regarding serial sentence number from the first to last sentence of a given text as discretized time. Using this definition of a textual timeline, we defined an autocorrelation function (ACF) for word occurrences and demonstrated its utility both for representing dynamic word correlations and for measuring word importance within the text. In this study, we seek a stochastic process governing occurrences of a given word having strong dynamic correlations. This is valuable because words exhibiting strong dynamic correlations play a central role in developing or organizing textual contexts. While seeking this stochastic process, we find that additive binary Markov chain theory is useful for describing strong dynamic word correlations, in the sense that it can reproduce characteristics of autocovariance functions (an unnormalized version of ACFs) observed in actual written texts. Using this theory, we propose a model for time-varying probability that describes the probability of word occurrence in each sentence in a text. The proposed model considers hierarchical document structures such as chapters, sections, subsections, paragraphs, and sentences. Because such a hierarchical structure is common to most documents, our model for occurrence probability of words has a wide range of universality for interpreting dynamic word correlations in actual written texts. The main contributions of this study are, therefore, finding usability of the additive binary Markov chain theory to analyze dynamic correlations in written texts and offering a new model of word occurrence probability in which common hierarchical structure of documents is taken into account.展开更多
We present definitions of the correlation degree and correlation coefficient of multi-output functions. Two relationships about the correlation degree of multi-output functions are proved. One is between the correlati...We present definitions of the correlation degree and correlation coefficient of multi-output functions. Two relationships about the correlation degree of multi-output functions are proved. One is between the correlation degree and independency, the other is between the correlation degree and balance. Especially the paper discusses the correlation degree of affine multioutput functions. We demonstrate properties of the correlation coefficient of multi-output functions. One is the value range of the correlation coefficient, one is the relationship between the correlation coefficient and independency, and another is the sufficient and necessary condition that two multi-output functions are equivalent to each other.展开更多
As China continues to open up to the outside world,new words in every aspect of our daily life are emerging at a rapid speed.However,the quality of translation at present is not very satisfactory.This paper analyzes t...As China continues to open up to the outside world,new words in every aspect of our daily life are emerging at a rapid speed.However,the quality of translation at present is not very satisfactory.This paper analyzes the features of these words,the errors in their translation and discusses the translation strategies based on the Functional Theory of Germany.展开更多
文摘Background Generally speaking. Chinese college graduates in the fifties and sixties took Russian as their second language, and those who graduated in the seventies had no second language to speak of. Now, in the years of our Open Door Policy, they find they have to learn some English and learn it quickly. They try to learn from radio and TV and many take English courses of 4 to 6 months, with varying degree of success. Their chief stumbling blocks
文摘The translation of Chinese ancient poems has always been the direction of many translators at home and abroad,and the translation of color words has gradually become the object of study.However,due to the difference between translation theory and perspective,there are many controversial translations.Based on the theory of "functional equivalence" proposed by American translation theorist Eugene Nida,this paper analyzes the concrete translation of Chinese ancient poems,and aims to explore how to translate the color words in ancient poems in the best way,And summed up the specific and practical translation methods.
文摘In this study, we regard written texts as time series data and try to investigate dynamic correlations of word occurrences by utilizing an autocorrelation function (ACF). After defining appropriate formula for the ACF that is suitable for expressing the dynamic correlations of words, we use the formula to calculate ACFs for frequent words in 12 books. The ACFs obtained can be classified into two groups: One group of ACFs shows dynamic correlations, with these ACFs well described by a modified Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) function;the other group of ACFs shows no correlations, with these ACFs fitted by a simple stepdown function. A word having the former ACF is called a Type-I word and a word with the latter ACF is called a Type-II word. It is also shown that the ACFs of Type-II words can be derived theoretically by assuming that the stochastic process governing word occurrence is a homogeneous Poisson point process. Based on the fitting of the ACFs by KWW and stepdown functions, we propose a measure of word importance which expresses the extent to which a word is important in a particular text. The validity of the measure is confirmed by using the Kleinburg’s burst detection algorithm.
文摘This research analyzes the culture-loaded words in English version of Tales of Hulan River bases on functional equivalence theory.The major point is what strategies Howard Goldblatt uses to achieve the equivalences in semantic message,stylistic message,cultural message and response of readers,and the reasons why he uses them.This thesis contains four chapters,starting with the background,significances and the organization of the research.Chapter two introduces Tales of Hulan River as well as Xiao Hong and Howard Goldblatt,as well as the functional equivalence theory.To analyze the translation strategies of Goldblatt,chapter three divided the culture-loaded words into three categories,which is dialect,custom and proverb respectively,in this translation work of Tales of Hulan River from the perspective of functional equivalence theory.Last one is conclusion,summarizing the whole research.This paper highlights the translating of this novel into different languages and the spreading of Chinese culture.
文摘This article deals with the reflective function of the differential systems. The results are applied to discussion of the existence and stability of the periodic solutions of these systems.
文摘A new algorithm based on genetic algorithm(GA) is developed for solving function optimization problems with inequality constraints. This algorithm has been used to a series of standard test problems and exhibited good performance. The computation results show that its generality, precision, robustness, simplicity and performance are all satisfactory.
文摘In a previous study, we introduced dynamical aspects of written texts by regarding serial sentence number from the first to last sentence of a given text as discretized time. Using this definition of a textual timeline, we defined an autocorrelation function (ACF) for word occurrences and demonstrated its utility both for representing dynamic word correlations and for measuring word importance within the text. In this study, we seek a stochastic process governing occurrences of a given word having strong dynamic correlations. This is valuable because words exhibiting strong dynamic correlations play a central role in developing or organizing textual contexts. While seeking this stochastic process, we find that additive binary Markov chain theory is useful for describing strong dynamic word correlations, in the sense that it can reproduce characteristics of autocovariance functions (an unnormalized version of ACFs) observed in actual written texts. Using this theory, we propose a model for time-varying probability that describes the probability of word occurrence in each sentence in a text. The proposed model considers hierarchical document structures such as chapters, sections, subsections, paragraphs, and sentences. Because such a hierarchical structure is common to most documents, our model for occurrence probability of words has a wide range of universality for interpreting dynamic word correlations in actual written texts. The main contributions of this study are, therefore, finding usability of the additive binary Markov chain theory to analyze dynamic correlations in written texts and offering a new model of word occurrence probability in which common hierarchical structure of documents is taken into account.
文摘We present definitions of the correlation degree and correlation coefficient of multi-output functions. Two relationships about the correlation degree of multi-output functions are proved. One is between the correlation degree and independency, the other is between the correlation degree and balance. Especially the paper discusses the correlation degree of affine multioutput functions. We demonstrate properties of the correlation coefficient of multi-output functions. One is the value range of the correlation coefficient, one is the relationship between the correlation coefficient and independency, and another is the sufficient and necessary condition that two multi-output functions are equivalent to each other.
文摘As China continues to open up to the outside world,new words in every aspect of our daily life are emerging at a rapid speed.However,the quality of translation at present is not very satisfactory.This paper analyzes the features of these words,the errors in their translation and discusses the translation strategies based on the Functional Theory of Germany.
