Practice of Infection Prevention and Control Strategies in Risk Departments during the COVID-19 Epidemic

Objective: To explore the practice and application of infection prevention and control strategies in risk departments during the COVID-19 epidemic, and to formulate the infection prevention and control measures to provide advice and guidance in risk departments. Methods: According to the latest plan of diagnosis and treatment, prevention and control issued by the National Health Commission, expert advice and consensus, combined with the actual situation in our hospital, a series of infection prevention and control measures of COVID-19 in risk department was formulated. Results: During the epidemic period, the prevention and control measures of nine risk departments including emergency operation, anesthesiology, endoscopy center, blood purification center, otolaryngology, stomatology, medical imaging department, medical cosmetology department and pulmonary function room were established from six aspects, including pre-examination and screening, medical technology control, personnel management, personal protection, environmental disinfection, medical waste disposal, etc. Conclusion: During the epidemic period, the infection prevention and control strategy of risk departments is one of the key links to control the spread of the epidemic, and risk departments must pay attention to and strictly implement various infection prevention and control measures.

Internal Control Management and Risk Prevention Measures of State-Owned Enterprises

As an important pillar of national economic development,state-owned enterprises,their operational efficiency,and risk management ability are directly related to the stability and security of the national economy.As an important part of enterprise management,internal control management plays an irreplaceable role.Especially in the current domestic and international economic situation is complex and changeable,market competition is increasingly fierce environment,to strengthen the internal control management of state-owned enterprises and risk prevention measures is particularly important.This paper starts with the importance of internal control management and risk prevention for state-owned enterprises,and analyzes the problems and strategies in the internal control management and risk prevention of state-owned enterprises,in order to build a more comprehensive and efficient risk management system for state-owned enterprises to adapt to the ever-changing market environment and realize sustainable development.

Security Risk Prevention and Control Deployment for 5G Private Industrial Networks

In this paper,we investigate and analyze the network security risks faced by 5G private industrial networks.Based on current network security architecture and 3GPP requirements and considering the actual application of 5G private industrial networks,a comparative analysis is used to plan and design a private network security construction scheme.The network security construction model,network organization,and key processes of 5G private industrial networks at the current stage are investigated.In addition,the key direction for the next stage of construction is discussed.

A Research on the State-owned Enterprise’s Anti-Corruption Risk Prevention Mechanism and Internal Control Construction

Since the commence of 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee represented by General Secretary Xi Jinping, has attached unprecedented importance to anti corruption construction and has strengthened the investigation degree on the disciplinary offence behaviors of the party member the leading cadres, which kills rampant misbehaviors around the people from the source. State-owned enterprises are the pillar of the national economy, which should respond to call of the country, in a bid to strengthen the construction of honest and integrity, prevent risks, and build a perfect internal control mechanism. Focusing on the state-owned enterprise’s anti-corruption risk prevention mechanism and internal control construction, this paper conducts a research aiming at starting a discussion.

Risk prevention and control strategies for the severely affected areas of snow disaster in the Three Rivers Source Region(TRSR), China

Historically,frequent and heavy snow disaster(SD)has caused serious livestock death and casualties,resulting in a devastating impact on animal husbandry development in the Three Rivers Source Region(TRSR).From winter in 2018 to spring in 2019,the largest SD occurred in this area over the past 10 years,especially in core zones of the Lancang River Source Region.Field research results show that the main causes of the major SD include weak infrastructure(i.e.,roads,communications,warm sheds,and insufficient forage reserve),low rate of domestic animals for sale before the SD,and low loss settlement rate.SD occurrence could furtherly reduce the ability of disaster prevention,mitigation and relief of disaster loss.In the future,heavily affected SD areas should improve the forecasting ability of snowfall incidents,strengthen infrastructure construction,implement grass and livestock balance strategies,optimize livestock structure,improve loss settlement rate,and develop a modern compound model of animal husbandry development model that combines breeding,slaughtering and deep processing of animal product.

Clinical Research of Pre-Hospital Emergency Care, Nursing, Infection Prevention and Control for Senile Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture during Epidemic Period

Background: Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) and osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) are the high incidences of diseases in the elderly. During the epidemic period, if not treated in time, the complications are high and the mortality is high. If we do not pay attention to infection prevention and control in pre-hospital emergency care, it will lead to the first time infection of medical staff and in-hospital cross infection in emergency outpatient receiving area. The correct consideration of both and the establishment of perfect pre-hospital emergency treatment and infection prevention and control synchronous strategy is an important premise to ensure the stable, orderly and safe medical treatment. Objective: To explore the effect of synchronous implementation of pre-hospital emergency care, nursing and infection pre-vention and control for senile OVCF during the epidemic. In order to improve the efficiency of pre-hospital emergency care and prevent the spread of infection. Method: A total of 92 elderly patients with OVCF who received pre-hospital treatment in 18 hospitals in Zhangjiakou City during the epidemic prevention and control period from January 2020 to November 2022 and met the inclusion criteria were selected as research objects, including 24 males and 68 females, aged 65 - 82 (74.2 ± 2.2) years. All patients were associated with concomitant injuries and underlying diseases. All patients in this group underwent predictive pre-hospital rescue and infection prevention and control procedures. Results: All the 92 elderly patients with OVCF received timely pre-hospital treatment during the epidemic period, and no aggravation occurred of the 92 patients, 35 were in the high risk area, 10 were in the medium risk area, and 47 were in the low risk area. Exclude OVCF for NCP Patients were treated according to the conventional diagnosis and treatment principles. Suspected and confirmed cases are transferred to designated surgical hospitals for treatment. All patients were followed up 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after treatment. There was no death rate, high satisfaction of pre-hospital first aid, high diagnostic accuracy, and good curative effect. None of the rescue personnel had any infection rate, and no hospital infection transmission and nosocomial cross infection occurred. Conclusion: It is the first step to safely treat patients and prevent cross infection to establish a perfect synchronous strategy of pre-hospital first aid and infection prevention and control.

Evaluation and Risk Prevention and Control of Hepatic Injury by Traditional Drugs

My topic is the risk assessment of safety of Chinese materia medica.Next I will take drug-induced hepatic injury as an example.First of all,let us look back at what Chinese materia medica is.What are the real meanings of these 3 words? These 3 words Zi Hua Zi have been said more than BC 500."TCM practitioners are for treatment and medicines," what do you mean? Treatment means to find the cause of the disease and to find the law,while medicine is to find ways and means to cure diseases.

Construction Technology and Safety Risk Control Measures of Deep Foundation Pit Excavation

Deep foundation pit excavation is a basic and key step involved in modern building construction.In order to ensure the construction quality and safety of deep foundation pits,this paper takes a project as an example to analyze deep foundation pit excavation technology,including the nature of this construction project,the main technical measures in the construction of deep foundation pit,and the analysis of the safety risk prevention and control measures.The purpose of this analysis is to provide scientific reference for the construction quality and safety of deep foundation pits.

Research of Risk Identification and Prevention of Underground Pressure Pipelines Damage Caused by External Disturbance

External disturbance is an important cause of underground pressure pipeline damage,which leads to accidents,and it is crucial to study the risk of damage caused by external disturbance and come up with proper prevention and control measures.We reviewed literature on risk identification of underground pressure pipelines damage due to external disturbance was conducted,and a list of risk factors was formed.Based on the list of risk factors,fault tree analysis was carried out on underground pressure pipelines damage caused by external disturbances,and risk prevention and control measures were proposed through the calculation of minimum cut sets,minimum path sets,and structural importance,in hopes of providing reference for the normal operation of underground pressure pipelines.

Research on Risk Control of Medical Insurance Fund

Social health insurance is an important part of the social security system. It is the ＂stabilizer＂ of social and economic development and the ＂buffer＂ of reform. It is of great significance and function to the construction of economic development, social progrcss and harmonious society. However, due to many factors, the operation of the social health insurance fund is facing greater risk. Although the balance is rich, but the general talk about the ＂balance＂, inevitably fall into the ＂too optimistic, ignore the risk＂ of the errors, the current basic medical insurance system, compared with working employees, retirement elderly people do not pay, personal accounts into more, The overall proportion of individual funds to pay lower policy concessions. Although there is a large amount of surplus in the annual health insurance fund, a large part of the balance is due to the relatively young age structure of the insured population and the low consumption of health insurance funds. With the increasing level of the aging of the insured population, the ratio of on-the-job and the backward is gradually reduced, the effect of these preferential policies will continue to enlarge, making the total fund expenditure increased significantly. Therefore, it is an important task to reform the basic medical insurance system in China to strengthen the research on risk control in the medical insurance fund of urban workers, to prevent and control the risks faced by the fund and to ensure the safety of the fund.

Analysis of International Cooperation Management Strategies of Enterprises under the Background of the“Belt and Road”

With the deepening of the“Belt and Road”initiative,Chinese enterprises are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges for international cooperation.This paper mainly analyzes the current situation,existing problems,and coping strategies of enterprise international cooperation management in the context of the“Belt and Road”.This article expounds on the importance of the“Belt and Road”initiative for international cooperation of enterprises and analyzes the key links of international cooperation management of enterprises from the aspects of internationalization strategy,cross-cultural management,risk prevention and control,and resource integration.Finally,combined with the case,this paper puts forward the management strategies and suggestions that enterprises should adopt in international cooperation,to provide a useful reference for Chinese enterprises in international cooperation in the construction of the“Belt and Road.”

公立医院廉洁风险防控量化评价研究

目的探讨公立医院廉洁风险防控量化评价,为提升公立医院廉洁风险防控工作质效提供参考。方法自行设计《公立医院权力事项廉洁风险防控检查标准》,从权力运行流程梳理清晰程度、廉洁风险点查找准确程度、防控措施有力程度三个方面对四川大学华西医院各部门/临床医技科室提供的权力事项廉洁风险防控进行评分和评级。结果共检查了236个权力事项的廉洁风险防控情况,根据检查标准,57项评为一档,103项评为二档,76项评为三档,占比分别为24.15%、43.64%和32.20%。经检查,全院236个权力事项的廉洁风险防控检查得分为(5.82±1.92)分,其中,流程维度得分为(2.11±0.75)分,风险点查找维度得分为(1.89±0.75)分,防控维度得分为(1.89±0.79)分,体现出部分单位的工作流程不够清晰、个别风险点查找不准确、防控措施不具体等问题。结论医院要结合自身工作环节的问题,从思想、行为、成效和考核评价几方面入手,着力思考廉洁风险防控长期建设中的具体化、精准化、显著化和可量化。

高速公路风险防控设施应用研究综述与展望

高速公路风险防控设施的合理应用能够显著降低交通运行风险。本文首先针对高速公路风险防控设施的研究现状进行了回顾与总结,将高速公路风险防控设施划分为非电气化防控设施和电气化防控设施。其次,归纳了高速公路非电气化和电气化防控设施在风险防控中的作用以及研究中的关键问题,讨论了不同电气化风险防控设施的应用场景及其效用。然后,对由电气化设施构成的风险防控系统在多种典型场景中的应用效果进行了分析。最后,对高速公路风险防控设施应用综述结果及未来发展情况进行了总结。文献综述结果表明,高速公路风险防控设施和系统在不同场景中均能起到积极的效果;非电气化防控设施受限于自身物理特性,在应对动态信息发布和主动性、针对性风险防控上存在一定的不足;电气化风险防控设施以及风险防控系统的应用越来越广泛,对交通拥堵、不良天气等交通风险的防控愈加完善。同时,日渐成熟的车路协同技术和不断发展的智慧公路系统也是未来保障高速公路交通安全的重要一环。本文的研究成果可在一定程度上为今后高速公路风险防控设施的选型、设置及应用提供一定的借鉴。

企业数据跨境流动的风险防控研究

随着大数据经济的发展,数据已经成为各国竞相争夺的数字资源。通过分析企业数据的内涵及特征,根据我国企业数据跨境流动现状,探讨了企业面临的内部数据合规管理体系不完善、数据监管机构不明确等难题。目前许多国家就数据跨境流动提出了解决方案,在此基础上通过建立系统性跨境数据流动法律规范体系、加强国际合作等方式、设置独立的数据监管机构,提升我国数字企业核心竞争力,降低开拓境外市场的合规风险。

新贸易保护主义视角下中国新能源汽车产业链安全风险传导与防范

产业链安全是现代化产业体系建设的关键,是有效抵御外部冲击的重要保障。通过剖析新能源汽车领域欧美新贸易保护主义的表现形式,识别出相关安全风险,进而厘清传导机制,最后提出风险防范及应对策略。研究结果表明:就新能源汽车产业链而言,新贸易保护主义主要表现为,欧美国家从技术、经贸、组织与规则多个层面对中国新能源汽车产业链的限制;风险识别发现新能源汽车产业链面临技术封锁风险、贸易壁垒风险、系统性风险和市场偏转风险;相关风险主要通过供给冲击、需求收缩和预期转弱三条传导路径作用于产业链。基于上述结论,针对新能源汽车产业链各环节以及全链预警防范提出了应对策略。

科技创新推动茶叶质量安全全程管控能力提升

现阶段我国茶叶质量安全水平高,饮茶安全有保障。茶叶饮用安全得益于茶叶科技创新日益发展,茶园绿色防控技术、清洁化茶叶加工技术、茶叶质量安全精准检测技术与风险评估理论创新,将茶叶质量安全从末端监管调整到从茶园到茶杯的全过程,为茶叶质量安全风险监测、风险控制与风险管理提供强有力的科学支撑。性诱剂化学生态防控技术、杀虫灯与诱虫色板物理诱杀技术、茶尺蠖与茶毛虫病毒生物防治技术、以草抑草绿色除草技术等茶园绿色防控技术从源头提升了茶叶农药残留控制水平;清洁化能源加热替代传统的燃煤燃材加热方式,显著降低了茶叶加工中环境污染物和重金属等有害物质的污染;质谱创新技术将茶叶质量安全检测提升到高通量精准检测与非靶向筛查水平,速测创新技术前移了茶叶农药残留的监测环节。文章介绍了近年来我国茶叶质量安全水平,分析了科技创新对茶叶质量安全全程管控能力提升的推动作用。

基于FMEA管理模式的风险评估在医院感染防控中应用效果的Meta分析

目的系统评价失效模式与效应分析(FMEA)管理模式在医院感染防控中的应用效果。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、the Cochrane Library、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普数据库、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)中FMEA管理模式在医院感染防控中应用的相关文献,由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并进行交叉核对,采用ROB工具对纳入的随机对照研究进行风险及质量评价,采用NOS量表对纳入的队列研究进行评分,应用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入22项研究,42815例患者,其中FMEA管理模式组21784例,对照组21031例。Meta分析结果显示,FMEA管理模式组医院感染发病率低于对照组[OR=0.31,95%CI(0.24,0.40)];与常规管理模式相比,FMEA管理模式组表浅手术切口感染发病率[OR=0.53,95%CI(0.36,0.78)]、呼吸系统感染发病率[OR=0.44,95%CI(0.35,0.56)]、泌尿系统感染发病率[OR=0.45,95%CI(0.38,0.53)]及血液系统感染发病率[OR=0.29,95%CI(0.18,0.45)]更低(均P<0.01)。结论FMEA管理模式在医院感染防控中的应用,能够降低医院感染发病率,应在医院管理中积极推广应用。

宏观审慎政策宽松实践、效果评估及现实启示

宏观审慎政策不仅要在风险积累时坚定稳妥收紧,而且要在风险显性化时及时有效放松,已有研究多聚焦前者,针对后者的研究相对较少,而后者对于完善宏观审慎政策框架、防范系统性金融风险、提高逆周期调节能力同样具有重要现实意义。本文探讨了宏观审慎政策宽松的内涵、作用机理和制约因素,梳理了新冠疫情前及疫情期间宏观审慎政策宽松的国际实践,并基于66国数据采用计量模型科学评估了政策效果,在此基础上总结了实施宏观审慎政策宽松的有益经验,分析了我国宏观审慎政策宽松实践现状及存在的问题,并提出政策建议。研究发现,宏观审慎政策宽松可通过稳定信贷市场、保障金融运行、引导正向预期、产生外部性等传导渠道实现政策目标,但也面临不少制约因素;总体看,疫情期间实施宏观审慎政策宽松显著缓解了疫情冲击带来的经济压力和金融压力,其中,逆周期资本缓冲工具的宽松效果相对突出;有效积累缓冲、保障缓冲释放、把握好政策尺度是提高宏观审慎政策宽松效果的重要因素;我国探索开展了内容丰富、特色鲜明的宏观审慎政策宽松实践,但还存在政策潜力有待释放、政策工具箱仍需丰富完善、政策视野需要向非银金融部门延伸、政策应对非传统风险能力有待提高等问题。结合我国宏观审慎管理实际,本文从健全完善宏观审慎政策宽松实施机制、疏通宏观审慎政策宽松传导渠道、把握宏观审慎政策宽松操作尺度、夯实宏观审慎政策宽松工具储备等四个方面提出政策建议。

基于措施优先级的失效模式和效应分析在结直肠术手术部位感染防控中的应用

目的评估结直肠手术后手术部位感染(SSI)防控措施执行的过程风险,探讨基于措施优先级的失效模式和效应分析(FMEA)的应用效果。方法应用基于措施优先级的FMEA评估结直肠手术后SSI防控措施执行的整个流程,对是否采取优化措施进行优先级排序,比较FMEA实施前后结直肠手术SSI防控措施依从项达标率、SSI发病率。结果评估后SSI高优先级防控措施7项,中优先级22项,对中优先级措施加强控制,重点对高优先级措施制定进一步的预防和可探测措施。改进后再评价结果显示,7项高优先级措施降至中优先级;16项中优先级措施降至低优先级。SSI防控措施执行达标率由77.15%(2566/3326)提高至92.47%(3096/3348),SSI发病率由6.04%(58/960)降至2.54%(60/2364)。结论运用基于措施优先级的FMEA可对结直肠手术SSI防控过程进行有效风险评估,并结合现状针对性采用预防性风险控制措施,可降低结直肠手术SSI发病率。

VTE数字化风险防控体系建设实证研究

目的建立一套基于智慧医务服务的静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)数字化风险防控体系。方法通过卫生技术评估方法,模拟单臂试验,对VTE数字化风险防控体系干预前后相关指标进行评估。结果VTE风险防控指标均有不同程度改善,其中3项结局质量指标变化情况为:所有VTE患者全因死亡率由2020年的0.407‰降低至2023年的0.329‰;医院相关性VTE全因死亡率由2020年的0.025‰降低至2023年的0.009‰;医院相关性VTE发生率由2020年的0.044%降低至2023年的0.026%。结论构建基于智慧医务服务专项的VTE数字化风险防控体系,建立风险评估、诊断及预防机制,能够有效提升VTE预防质量。