Selective hydrogenolysis of biomass‐derived furfuryl alcohol(FFA)to 1,5‐and 1,2‐pentanediol(PeD)was conducted over Cu‐LaCoO3 catalysts with different Cu loadings;the catalysts were derived from perovskite structur...Selective hydrogenolysis of biomass‐derived furfuryl alcohol(FFA)to 1,5‐and 1,2‐pentanediol(PeD)was conducted over Cu‐LaCoO3 catalysts with different Cu loadings;the catalysts were derived from perovskite structures prepared by a one‐step citrate complexing method.The catalytic performances of the Cu‐LaCoO3 catalysts were found to depend on the Cu loading and pretreatment conditions.The catalyst with 10 wt%Cu loading exhibited the best catalytic performance after prereduction in 5%H2‐95%N2,achieving a high FFA conversion of 100%and selectivity of 55.5%for 1,5‐pentanediol(40.3%)and 1,2‐pentanediol(15.2%)at 413 K and 6 MPa H2.This catalyst could be reused four times without a loss of FFA conversion but it resulted in a slight decrease in pentanediol selectivity.Correlation between the structural changes in the catalysts at different states and the simultaneous variation in the catalytic performance revealed that cooperative catalysis between Cu0 and CoO promoted the hydrogenolysis of FFA to PeDs,especially to 1,5‐PeD,while Co0 promoted the hydrogenation of FFA to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol(THFA).Therefore,it is suggested that a synergetic effect between balanced Cu0 and CoO sites plays a critical role in achieving a high yield of PeDs with a high 1,5‐/1,2‐pentanediol selectivity ratio during FFA hydrogenolysis.展开更多
A rod-rod diblock copolymer (diBCP), poly(3-hexylthiophene)-block-poly(furfuryl isocyanate)(P3HT-b-PFIC), was synthesized through the anionic polymerization with an oxyanionic macroinitiator of P3HT. The properties of...A rod-rod diblock copolymer (diBCP), poly(3-hexylthiophene)-block-poly(furfuryl isocyanate)(P3HT-b-PFIC), was synthesized through the anionic polymerization with an oxyanionic macroinitiator of P3HT. The properties of the diBCP (molecular weight, dispersity, composition, thermal stability, UV-visible absorption, and thin film morphology) were determined by various analytical methods. P3HT-b-PFIC was blended with C60 in a toluene solution to prepare a thin film of binary electron donor/acceptor system. Such blending enabled partial conjugation of the two components by the Diels-Alder reaction between furan and C60 at 60℃ for 3 h;the mixture was then spin-cast as a thin film, and annealed at 250℃ for 24 h. Tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that P3HT and C60 domains had nanoscale interfaces without a large phase segregation. This result indicated that the microphase separation of C60-functionalized P3HT-b-PFIC preserved even at high temperature provided free C60 molecules with channels to diffuse on the sides of P3HT domain, thus preventing the macroscopic crystallization of free C60 through the interfacial stabilization.展开更多
<i><span style="font-family:"">Annona</span></i><span style="font-family:""> <i>muricata</i> L. and <i>Annona</i> <i>squamosa&l...<i><span style="font-family:"">Annona</span></i><span style="font-family:""> <i>muricata</i> L. and <i>Annona</i> <i>squamosa</i> L. are tropical species whose</span><span style="font-family:""> fleshy fruit is edible. They offer real possibilities for socio-economic use, particularly in the fields of medicine, nutrition, ecosystem conservation and the poverty alleviation. This study was set up to evaluate different methods of micropropagation from juvenile material for the regeneration of these species. Thus, MS medium supplemented with [BAP 2 mg·L<sup>-1</sup>] <i>i.e.</i> M2 produced 2.87 newly <span>formed shoots from the cotyledonary nodes of <i>A.</i> <i>muricata</i>. For the terminal apices of <i>A.</i> <i>squamosa</i>, it was MMS medium supplemented with [BAP 2</span> mg·L<sup>-1</sup>] <i>i.e.</i> MM2 that was most conducive to new shoot formation (3.12). The addition of 0.1 and 0.2 mg·L<sup>-1</sup> of NAA in the M2 medium, made it possi<span>ble to have the best elongations and average number of nodes for the new shoots from cotyledonary nodes of <i>A.</i> <i>muricata</i> (9.11 cm for 5.62 nodes). With <i>A.</i> <i>squamosa</i>, MM7 medium [MMS + BAP 1 mg·L<sup>-1</sup></span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:"">+ KIN 1 mg·L<sup>-1</sup>]</span><span style="font-family:""> resulted in an average length of 9.05 cm with 5.62 nodes on average for the apical shoots. A 3-day rhizogenic induction period in the dark with [IBA 50 mg·L<sup>-1</sup>] and 2 g·L<sup>-1</sup> of activated charcoal gave a rooting rate of 66.67% for shoots originating from the cotyledonary nodes of <i>A.</i> <i>squamosa</i>;while with vitroplants from cotyledonary nodes of <i>A.</i> <i>muricata</i>, a better rooting rate (83.33%) was obtained following a 5-day rhizogenic induction. After 30 days of acclimatization, the survival rate reached 83.33% for plants from the tips of <i>A.</i> <i>muricata</i>, whereas for <i>A.</i> <i>squamosa,</i> it was plants grown from cotyledonary nodes that had the same survival rate.展开更多
文摘Selective hydrogenolysis of biomass‐derived furfuryl alcohol(FFA)to 1,5‐and 1,2‐pentanediol(PeD)was conducted over Cu‐LaCoO3 catalysts with different Cu loadings;the catalysts were derived from perovskite structures prepared by a one‐step citrate complexing method.The catalytic performances of the Cu‐LaCoO3 catalysts were found to depend on the Cu loading and pretreatment conditions.The catalyst with 10 wt%Cu loading exhibited the best catalytic performance after prereduction in 5%H2‐95%N2,achieving a high FFA conversion of 100%and selectivity of 55.5%for 1,5‐pentanediol(40.3%)and 1,2‐pentanediol(15.2%)at 413 K and 6 MPa H2.This catalyst could be reused four times without a loss of FFA conversion but it resulted in a slight decrease in pentanediol selectivity.Correlation between the structural changes in the catalysts at different states and the simultaneous variation in the catalytic performance revealed that cooperative catalysis between Cu0 and CoO promoted the hydrogenolysis of FFA to PeDs,especially to 1,5‐PeD,while Co0 promoted the hydrogenation of FFA to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol(THFA).Therefore,it is suggested that a synergetic effect between balanced Cu0 and CoO sites plays a critical role in achieving a high yield of PeDs with a high 1,5‐/1,2‐pentanediol selectivity ratio during FFA hydrogenolysis.
基金financially supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (Nos. NRF-2015R1A2A1A01002493 and NRF-2018R1A2B6003616)supported by “Nobel Research Project” grant for Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis funded by the GIST in 2019
文摘A rod-rod diblock copolymer (diBCP), poly(3-hexylthiophene)-block-poly(furfuryl isocyanate)(P3HT-b-PFIC), was synthesized through the anionic polymerization with an oxyanionic macroinitiator of P3HT. The properties of the diBCP (molecular weight, dispersity, composition, thermal stability, UV-visible absorption, and thin film morphology) were determined by various analytical methods. P3HT-b-PFIC was blended with C60 in a toluene solution to prepare a thin film of binary electron donor/acceptor system. Such blending enabled partial conjugation of the two components by the Diels-Alder reaction between furan and C60 at 60℃ for 3 h;the mixture was then spin-cast as a thin film, and annealed at 250℃ for 24 h. Tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that P3HT and C60 domains had nanoscale interfaces without a large phase segregation. This result indicated that the microphase separation of C60-functionalized P3HT-b-PFIC preserved even at high temperature provided free C60 molecules with channels to diffuse on the sides of P3HT domain, thus preventing the macroscopic crystallization of free C60 through the interfacial stabilization.
文摘<i><span style="font-family:"">Annona</span></i><span style="font-family:""> <i>muricata</i> L. and <i>Annona</i> <i>squamosa</i> L. are tropical species whose</span><span style="font-family:""> fleshy fruit is edible. They offer real possibilities for socio-economic use, particularly in the fields of medicine, nutrition, ecosystem conservation and the poverty alleviation. This study was set up to evaluate different methods of micropropagation from juvenile material for the regeneration of these species. Thus, MS medium supplemented with [BAP 2 mg·L<sup>-1</sup>] <i>i.e.</i> M2 produced 2.87 newly <span>formed shoots from the cotyledonary nodes of <i>A.</i> <i>muricata</i>. For the terminal apices of <i>A.</i> <i>squamosa</i>, it was MMS medium supplemented with [BAP 2</span> mg·L<sup>-1</sup>] <i>i.e.</i> MM2 that was most conducive to new shoot formation (3.12). The addition of 0.1 and 0.2 mg·L<sup>-1</sup> of NAA in the M2 medium, made it possi<span>ble to have the best elongations and average number of nodes for the new shoots from cotyledonary nodes of <i>A.</i> <i>muricata</i> (9.11 cm for 5.62 nodes). With <i>A.</i> <i>squamosa</i>, MM7 medium [MMS + BAP 1 mg·L<sup>-1</sup></span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:"">+ KIN 1 mg·L<sup>-1</sup>]</span><span style="font-family:""> resulted in an average length of 9.05 cm with 5.62 nodes on average for the apical shoots. A 3-day rhizogenic induction period in the dark with [IBA 50 mg·L<sup>-1</sup>] and 2 g·L<sup>-1</sup> of activated charcoal gave a rooting rate of 66.67% for shoots originating from the cotyledonary nodes of <i>A.</i> <i>squamosa</i>;while with vitroplants from cotyledonary nodes of <i>A.</i> <i>muricata</i>, a better rooting rate (83.33%) was obtained following a 5-day rhizogenic induction. After 30 days of acclimatization, the survival rate reached 83.33% for plants from the tips of <i>A.</i> <i>muricata</i>, whereas for <i>A.</i> <i>squamosa,</i> it was plants grown from cotyledonary nodes that had the same survival rate.
