Medium Optimization of Tetraselmis sp.-1 Using Response Surface Methodology

Response surface methodology (RSM) is used to optimize the medium of Tetraselmis sp.-1 which is cell fused microalgae capable of growing under mixotrophic condition. Empirical models are developed to describe the relationships between the operating variables (glucose, urea, sodium dehydrogenate phosphate, sodium chloride) and responses (cell density). Statistical analysis indicates that glucose and urea have significant effects on the microalgae cell density, but other two factors (sodium dehydrogenate phosphate, sodium chloride) have no obvious effect. The path of steepest ascent is used to approach the optimal region of medium composition. Optimal cell density (2.638 g dry weight/L) was reached when the operating conditions were glucose concentration (30.75 %), urea concentration (0.440 g/L), sodium dehydrogenate phosphate (15 mg/L) and sodium chloride (28 g/L).

Organic dyes containing fused acenes as building blocks： Optical, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties

Two D-π-A dyes based on fused acenes（carbazole, cyclopenta[2,1-b：3,4-b＇]dithiophene（CPDT） and dithieno[3,2-b：2＇,3＇-d]pyrrole（DTP）） were synthesized, characterized using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and electrochemistry, density function theory（DFT） calculations, and used as sensitizers in dyesensitized solar cells（DSSCs）. The two sensitizers were compared thoroughly over physicochemical properties and DSSC performance. Although the DTP dye has slightly blue-shifted and weaker incident photon-to-collected electron（IPCE） conversion efficiency responses, the much increased open-circuit photovoltage values and improved charge-transfer kinetics relative to the CPDT systems result in superior power conversion efficiencies. This work reveals the potential of DTP as a bridge in the design of sensitizers.

An iron-based metal-organic framework nanoplatform for enhanced ferroptosis and oridonin delivery as a comprehensive antitumor strategy

Ferroptosis is a recently discovered pathway for regulated cell death pathway.However,its efficacy is affected by limited iron content and intracellular ion homeostasis.Here,we designed a metalorganic framework(MOF)-based nanoplatform that incorporates calcium peroxide(CaO_(2))and oridonin(ORI).This platform can improve the tumor microenvironment and disrupt intracellular iron homeostasis,thereby enhancing ferroptosis therapy.Fused cell membranes(FM)were used to modify nanoparticles(ORI@CaO_(2)@Fe-TCPP,NPs)to produce FM@ORI@CaO_(2)@Fe-TCPP(FM@NPs).The encapsulated ORI inhibited the HSPB1/PCBP1/IREB2 and FSP1/COQ10 pathways simultaneously,working in tandem with Fe^(3+) to induce ferroptosis.Photodynamic therapy(PDT)guided by porphyrin(TCPP)significantly enhanced ferroptosis through excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS).This selfamplifying strategy promoted robust ferroptosis,which could work synergistically with FM-mediated immunotherapy.In vivo experiments showed that FM@NPs inhibited 91.57%of melanoma cells within six days,a rate 5.6 times higher than chemotherapy alone.FM@NPs were biodegraded and directly eliminated in the urine or faeces without substantial toxicity.Thus,this study demonstrated that combining immunotherapy with efficient ferroptosis induction through nanotechnology is a feasible and promising strategy for melanoma treatment.