Active Fault Tolerant Control of a Class of Nonlinear Time-Delay Processes

Based on a nonlinear state predictor (NSP) and a strong tracking filter (STF), a sensor fault tolerant generic model control (FTGMC) approach for a class of nonlinear time-delay processes is proposed. First, the NSP is introduced, and it is used to extend the conventional generic model control (GMC) to nonlinear processes with large input time-delay. Then the STF is adopted to estimate process states and sensor bias, the estimated sensor bias is used to drive a fault detection logic. When a sensor fault is detected, the estimated process states by the STF will be used to construct the process output to form a 'soft sensor', which is then used by the NSP (instead of the real outputs) to provide state predictors. These procedures constitute an active fault tolerant control scheme. Finally, simulation results of a three-tank-system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

球形万向惯性开关设计的关键变量分析

目的深入探究万向惯性开关的动力学特性。方法推导相关数学模型,根据模型结构和运动状态计算出开关的匀加速度灵敏度,在此灵敏度的基础上施加过载,观察关键部件的尺寸公差以及弹簧的预压力设置对运动状态的影响,采用MATLAB和ADAMS等2种软件对比仿真。结果对运动结果起决定性作用的关键变量为大小弹簧的预压力。针对关键零件的公差带来的影响,由仿真和理论计算可知,轴向施加过载时,大弹簧、小弹簧的影响百分比分别为53.09%和18.32%,小球+杆、小球的影响百分比分别为10.39%和1.98%。弹簧的尺寸公差影响约为接电结构尺寸公差影响的5.11~9.25倍;垂直轴向施加过载时,大弹簧的影响百分比为0.81%,小球+杆为3.49%,倍数关系为4.31倍,但影响百分比均较小。结论大弹簧的公差影响最大,其次为小弹簧的公差,然后是球的尺寸公差,最后是杆的尺寸公差。依据模型结构,推导出球形万向惯性开关关键变量的普遍规律,支撑内部接电结构的部件所产生力学效应的影响效果最大,其次为接电结构的尺寸大小。

EFP Warhead Missile Fuze Analysis and Simulation

The explosive formed penetrator （EFP） warhead missile projects the blast fragments in one direction normal to the missile longitudinal axis. Through analyzing on the two restrictions of EFP warhead explosion： trajectory restriction and attitude requirement, the concept of fuze time-delay tolerance is presented to be the measurement of the time of the EFP warhead explosion. The calculation models of fuze time-delay tolerance under two restrictions are provided. Some crucial parameters playing important roles in calculation under attitude requirements are simulated. The simulation results show that the engagement plane angle, roll rate and warhead attack standoff influence the tolerance dramatically.

某型催泪弹引信保险距离试验方法研究

针对某型催泪弹引信无法采用传统碰靶法对保险距离指标进行考核的试验难题,提出了基于容许限理论保险距离试验评估方法。该方法依据相关军标科学给定了置信度和不解除保险概率,提出在不改变引信机构动作的基础上将解除保险信号改为发火信号输出的改造方案,测试得到引信实际解除保险距离,运用容许限理论计算得出引信解除保险距离的上下限范围,达到考核评估保险距离指标的试验目的。

Progressive Fault Accommodation for Time-delay Systems with Parametric Faults

The fault accommodation problem for time-delay system is studied in this paper. The progressive accommodation strategy based on the Newton-Raphson scheme is proposed to solve this problem. This accommodation scheme can significantly reduces the loss of performance and risk associated with system instability which results from the time-delay needed by fault accommodation algorithms to provide a solution. Simulation results are given to illustrate the efficiency of the provided method.

巡飞弹上引信作用延迟时间宽容度的计算方法

巡飞弹上的EFP战斗部是一种聚能定向战斗部,其毁伤元素只朝一个方向作用。巡飞弹姿态对于引战配合效率有着尤为重要的影响,这是不同于一般引战配合的。对于巡飞弹上的EFP战斗部系统来说。不仅要选择最佳起爆位置,同时也要选择最佳起爆姿态。采用延时调整的方法来满足交会过程中的弹道约束和姿态约束,使引信在适当的位置以适当的姿态起爆战斗部。通过典型攻击弹道情况下引信延时宽容度的计算,分析了两种约束条件对于延时宽容度大小的影响,为实现精确炸点控制提供了一种可行的控制策略。

引信系统理论与复杂性科学

首先从经典系统论信息、论控制论的角度对引信系统理论进行了介绍,然后结合正在兴起的复杂性科学对引信系统理论的发展进行了探讨。引信系统的物理环境具有很大的不确定性,可以采用信息论的方法对其环境识别、目标识别和决策过程开展研究;尽管引信安全装置使引信起爆从一触即发变成为一个动态过程,但其动态特性不明显,难以从控制论的角度对引信系统开展研究;90年代后期以来复杂性科学得到了迅速发展,集成化电子化信息化的引信系统具有典型的HOT(H ighly Optim ized Tolerance)特性和HAHC(H igh Assurance H igh Consequence)系统的要求,是一种人造复杂工程系统,从复杂性科学的角度研究引信系统成为一种值得重视的新方法。

基于仿真网格的引信虚拟试验研究

利用蒙特卡洛模拟实现对引信解除保险时间的计算机虚拟试验,以减少或部分替代高价值弹药的靶场射击试验。依据机械设计软件进行三维模型随机尺寸偏差的生成研究,建立了能生成具有一定概率分布特性的尺寸公差的系统;利用仿真网格技术构建了引信虚拟试验系统,并对某引信进行了多组尺寸偏差变化下的虚拟试验,验证了公差对引信解除保险时间的影响。