Despite the fact that fuzzy regression discontinuity designs are growing in popularity, a lot of research takes into account treatment non-compliance difficulties, specifically the fuzziness of the treatment impact. T...Despite the fact that fuzzy regression discontinuity designs are growing in popularity, a lot of research takes into account treatment non-compliance difficulties, specifically the fuzziness of the treatment impact. This paper took into account independent and dependent fuzzy factors when creating these designs. Additionally we took into account treatment non-compliance difficulties, specifically the fuzziness of the treatment impact, as other research does. The modified Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity model is preferable for modeling fuzzy data. It enables us to draw improved causal effects accommodating fuzzy variables, not just the fuzziness of the treatment effect as in Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity models. A fuzzy dataset is converted into crisp data by the Centroid method of defuzzification. Once the data is crisp, the traditional least squares methods of approximation are used to estimate the parameters in the model since these parameters are considered crisp whilst the error terms are fuzzy. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score(AUDIT score) can be used as a cutoff to initiate treatment in this case and can be used to predict the progression of HIV disease and/or AIDS. Counseling helps to lower the use of alcohol in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) as a result, improving the participants’ CD4 counts.展开更多
Rice production is crucial for food security in China,and its relationship with rural labor migration has been studied extensively.Labor migration in rural China has taken new forms in recent years.There has been a di...Rice production is crucial for food security in China,and its relationship with rural labor migration has been studied extensively.Labor migration in rural China has taken new forms in recent years.There has been a discernible trend wherein adult children have started migrating to cities while their elderly parents return to villages to re-engage in on-farm work.The phenomenon has notably shaped the intergenerational division of labor(IDL)within households.However,it remains to be seen how farmers adjust their rice production systems in response to the IDL.The age of 60 years for employment injury insurance is the eligibility threshold for off-farm employment and is used to obtain a source of exogenous variation in the IDL.Based on a representative household survey of 1,752 rice farmers in the Hubei Province of Central China,our fuzzy regression discontinuity analysis reveals that farmers in IDL households are more likely to adopt ratoon rice(RR)than single cropping rice(SR)or double cropping rice(DR).The effect of the IDL varies under different levels of operational scales and specialized agricultural service availability.Further analysis suggests that farmers’arrangements are associated with two potential mechanisms of downward intergenerational transfer.Monetary transfer for urban housing purchases increases RR in IDL households,and time transfer for intergenerational childcare significantly promotes SR in IDL households.This study enhances the understanding of the relationship between rural labor migration and rice production in China,providing a reference for adjusting rice production systems to ensure food security.展开更多
Based on the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2011 and 2013,this paper studied the impact of retirement on male and female workers’health and its impact mechanism under the manda...Based on the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2011 and 2013,this paper studied the impact of retirement on male and female workers’health and its impact mechanism under the mandatory retirement age system in China by using Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Design(FRDD).The results indicated that retirement increased the probability of men assessing themselves as"healthy"by 25 percentage points and lowered the probability of suffering from chronic diseases for women by 26 percentage points.In terms of mechanism analysis,it was found that the remarkable increase in social interactions after retirement was the main reason for the improvement of health for male retirees,but not the reason for the lower probability of having chronic diseases for female retirees.The findings serve as important references for formulating policies regarding postponing retirement age and flexible retirement.展开更多
文摘Despite the fact that fuzzy regression discontinuity designs are growing in popularity, a lot of research takes into account treatment non-compliance difficulties, specifically the fuzziness of the treatment impact. This paper took into account independent and dependent fuzzy factors when creating these designs. Additionally we took into account treatment non-compliance difficulties, specifically the fuzziness of the treatment impact, as other research does. The modified Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity model is preferable for modeling fuzzy data. It enables us to draw improved causal effects accommodating fuzzy variables, not just the fuzziness of the treatment effect as in Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity models. A fuzzy dataset is converted into crisp data by the Centroid method of defuzzification. Once the data is crisp, the traditional least squares methods of approximation are used to estimate the parameters in the model since these parameters are considered crisp whilst the error terms are fuzzy. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score(AUDIT score) can be used as a cutoff to initiate treatment in this case and can be used to predict the progression of HIV disease and/or AIDS. Counseling helps to lower the use of alcohol in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) as a result, improving the participants’ CD4 counts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42207529)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M721289).
文摘Rice production is crucial for food security in China,and its relationship with rural labor migration has been studied extensively.Labor migration in rural China has taken new forms in recent years.There has been a discernible trend wherein adult children have started migrating to cities while their elderly parents return to villages to re-engage in on-farm work.The phenomenon has notably shaped the intergenerational division of labor(IDL)within households.However,it remains to be seen how farmers adjust their rice production systems in response to the IDL.The age of 60 years for employment injury insurance is the eligibility threshold for off-farm employment and is used to obtain a source of exogenous variation in the IDL.Based on a representative household survey of 1,752 rice farmers in the Hubei Province of Central China,our fuzzy regression discontinuity analysis reveals that farmers in IDL households are more likely to adopt ratoon rice(RR)than single cropping rice(SR)or double cropping rice(DR).The effect of the IDL varies under different levels of operational scales and specialized agricultural service availability.Further analysis suggests that farmers’arrangements are associated with two potential mechanisms of downward intergenerational transfer.Monetary transfer for urban housing purchases increases RR in IDL households,and time transfer for intergenerational childcare significantly promotes SR in IDL households.This study enhances the understanding of the relationship between rural labor migration and rice production in China,providing a reference for adjusting rice production systems to ensure food security.
基金supporter by “Economic Effect of Postponing Retirement Age and Research on a Fair,Sustainable Pension Insurance System”(15BJY182)funded by the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)
文摘Based on the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2011 and 2013,this paper studied the impact of retirement on male and female workers’health and its impact mechanism under the mandatory retirement age system in China by using Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Design(FRDD).The results indicated that retirement increased the probability of men assessing themselves as"healthy"by 25 percentage points and lowered the probability of suffering from chronic diseases for women by 26 percentage points.In terms of mechanism analysis,it was found that the remarkable increase in social interactions after retirement was the main reason for the improvement of health for male retirees,but not the reason for the lower probability of having chronic diseases for female retirees.The findings serve as important references for formulating policies regarding postponing retirement age and flexible retirement.
