Gales of China＇s Electronics, IT industry Reach RMB2.1trln in H1

The sales revenues of China＇s electronics and IT industry reached RMB2.1 trillion in the first half of 2007, up 18% on last year.

The analysis of gales over the “Maritime Silk Road” with remote sensing data

The 21st century ＂Maritime Silk Road＂ strategy is a significant part of the belt and road initiatives of China. The cognition and investigation of ocean environment is essential and necessary in these regions which will provide scientific reference for many fields such as navigation, ocean engineering, and disaster prevent and reduction. A high-resolution cross-calibrated multi-platform wind product is used to analyze gales over the Maritime Silk Road. The yearly mean speed and space distribution of gale, and the frequencies and trends of gale and extreme wind speed are analyzed. The results show that relatively high pools of gale are mainly located in the waters of the Arabian Sea, the Somali Sea, Indo-China Peninsula sea area, and Bay of Bengal in the summer. The gale frequency of the Somali Sea is more than 90%. Overall, the gale days increase year by year in the majority of the South China Sea and the northern Indian Ocean, especially in the autumn and the winter.

Evolution Mechanism of a Severe Squall Line Triggered by the Coupling of a Sea Breeze Front and a Gust Front

In the present study, a severe squall line(SL) was analyzed by using intensive observational surface data and radar monitoring products. In this process, mesoscale convergence lines, such as the sea breeze front(SBF), gust front and dry line, served as the main triggering and strengthening factors. The transition from convection triggering to the formation of the initial shape was mainly affected by the convergence line of the SBF, which combined with thermal convection to form the main parts of the SL. In the later stage, the convergence line of the gust front merged with other convergence lines to form a series of strong convective cells. The SBF had good indicative significance in terms of severe convective weather warnings. The suitable conditions of heat, water vapor and vertical wind shear on the Shandong Peninsula were beneficial to the maintenance of the SL. Before SL occurrence, tropopause folding strengthened, which consequently enhanced the baroclinic property in the middle and upper troposphere. The high sensible heat flux at the surface easily produced a positive potential vorticity anomaly in the low layer, resulting in convective instability, which was conducive to the maintenance of these processes. In the system, when precipitation particles passed through the unsaturated air layer, they underwent strong evaporation, melting or sublimation, and the cooling effect formed negative buoyancy, which accelerated the sinking of the air and promoted the sustained development of the surface gale. Together with the development of lowlevel mesocyclones, the air pressure decreased rapidly, which was conducive to gale initiation.

An Extreme Gale Event in East China under the Arctic Potential Vorticity Anomaly through the Northeast China Cold Vortex

Arctic changes influence not only temperature and precipitation in the midlatitudes but also contribute to severe convection.This study investigates an extreme gale event that occurred on 30 April 2021 in East China and was forced by an Arctic potential vorticity(PV)anomaly intrusion.Temperature advection steered by storms contributed to the equatorward propagation of Arctic high PV,forming the Northeast China cold vortex(NCCV).At the upper levels,a PV southward intrusion guided the combination of the polar jet and the subtropical jet,providing strong vertical wind shear and downward momentum transportation to the event.The PV anomaly cooled the upper troposphere and the northern part of East China,whereas the lower levels over southern East China were dominated by local warm air,thus establishing strong instability and baroclinicity.In addition,the entrainment of Arctic dry air strengthened the surface pressure gradient by evaporation cooling.Capturing the above mechanism has the potential to improve convective weather forecasts under climate change.This study suggests that the more frequent NCCV-induced gale events in recent years are partly due to high-latitude waviness and storm activities,and this hypothesis needs to be investigated using more cases.

Evolution of Meteorological Conditions during a Heavy Air Pollution Event under the Influence of Shallow Foehn in Urumqi, China

The air pollution in Urumqi which is located on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in northwestern China,is very serious in winter.Of particular importance is the influence of terrain-induced shallow foehn,known locally as elevated southeasterly gale(ESEG).It usually modulates atmospheric boundary layer structure and wind field patterns and produces favorable meteorological conditions conducive to hazardous air pollution.During 2013-17,Urumqi had an average of 50 d yr-1 of heavy pollution(daily average PM2.5 concentration>150μg m-3),of which 41 days were in winter.The majority(71.4%)of heavy pollution processes were associated with the shallow foehn.Based on microwave radiometer,wind profiler,and surface observations,the surface meteorological fields and boundary layer evolution during the worst pollution episode in Urumqi during 16-23 February 2013 are investigated.The results illustrate the significant role of shallow foehn in the building,strengthening,and collapsing of temperature inversions.There were four wind field patterns corresponding to four different phases during the whole pollution event.The most serious pollution phase featured shallow foehn activity in the south of Urumqi city and the appearance of an intense inversion layer below 600 m.Intense convergence caused by foehn and mountain-valley winds was sustained during most of the phase,resulting in pollutants sinking downward to the lower boundary layer and accumulating around urban area.The key indicators of such events identified in this study are highly correlated to particulate matter concentrations and could be used to predict heavy pollution episodes in the feature.

Causes of a Cold Wave Process Accompanied by Gale and a Drop in Temperature in Central Inner Mongolia

Based on the conventional high-and low-altitude and surface observation data,the weather analysis and diagnosis methods were applied to analyze the cold wave process of Ulanqab in January 2016 from the aspects of weather reality,circulation background,weather causes,and forecast test.The results show that strong cold air accumulated gradually near Lake Baikal and Central Siberia,affecting the city in a northwest path.During the cold wave process,the transverse trough moved southwards slowly at 500 hPa,and the ground cold high pressure was strong and stable.The cold air continued to move southwards,resulting in the strong cold wave and gale weather with a large impact range and long duration.The high-altitude jet at 300 hPa strengthened the cold wave pile,which was conducive to the outbreak of the cold wave.The intensity and location changes of the 500 hPa positive vorticity center,850 hPa cold advection region and 24-h ground pressure variation well showed the intensity of the cold wave process and the variation of the affected region.The influence of strong cold advection,ground positive pressure variation,and strong vertical wind shear were the main reasons for a strong drop in temperature and gale weather in this process.The test results of prediction reveal that the forecast value of the maximum temperature were relatively lower than the actual value,while the forecast of the minimum temperature was more accurate.The three warning signals were issued timely and accurately.The circulation pattern predicted by numerical models was more accurate in the early stage of the process,but there was an error in the late stage,and the forecast system moved slower than the actual situation.

galU和galE基因敲除对副猪嗜血杆菌脂寡糖分子质量的影响

副猪嗜血杆菌所引起的疾病每年给全世界养猪业造成巨大的经济损失,但是其毒力因子和致病机制仍不清楚。galU(编码UDP-葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶)和galE(编码UDP-半乳糖-4’-异构酶)是与多糖合成相关的2个基因,为了解它们的缺失对副猪嗜血杆菌脂寡糖分子质量的影响,利用热酚法抽提脂寡糖,经过SDS-PAGE和银染。结果显示,galU和galE的缺失导致脂寡糖的泳动速度明显加快,表明这两个基因与脂寡糖的分子质量密切相关。

甲状腺微小乳头状癌Galectin-3、CK19表达及其意义

探讨甲状腺微小乳头状癌中半乳糖凝集素3(Galectin-3)、细胞角蛋白19(CK19)表达变化及其意义。2013~2015年手术治疗的105例甲状腺肿瘤标本,其中49例甲状腺微小乳头状癌,31例结节性甲状腺肿不伴乳头状增生,25例结节性甲状腺肿伴乳头状增生,应用免疫组织化学方法检测Galectin-3和CK19的表达。结果显示,微小乳头状癌Galectin-3阳性表达率为93.88%,明显高于结节性甲状腺肿不伴乳头状增生的6.45%和结节性甲状腺肿伴乳头状增生的20.00%(P<0.05);微小乳头状癌CK19阳性表达率为97.96%,明显高于结节性甲状腺肿不伴乳头状增生的12.90%和结节性甲状腺肿伴乳头状增生的8.00%(P<0.05);诊断甲状腺微小乳头状癌Galectin-3敏感性为97.96%,特异性为89.29%;CK19敏感性为93.88%,特异性为87.50%;两者联合检测敏感性为84.20%,特异性为88.22%。结果表明,Galectin-3和CK19联合检测可用于鉴别诊断甲状腺微小乳头状癌与良性病变,有重要的临床应用价值。

用沙门菌作为重组活疫苗载体的研究进展

随着对粘膜免疫机理的进一步认识 ,近年来口服活疫苗的研究越来越受重视 ,尤其是对口服减毒重组活疫苗的研究。本文对胞内侵袭性沙门菌减毒类型及机理、重组活疫苗中外源抗原表达系统的启动子优化、外源抗原的稳定表达和定位表达的研究进展作一综述 。

一类新的Gale型定理及其应用

本文利用局部凸拓扑向量空间中的分离定理，得到一类很一般的Ｇａｌｅ型定理，由此导出某些新的Ｍｉｎｉｍａｘ定理，这些结果是己知文献结果的实质性推广．

空肠弯曲菌Penner O:19 galE基因真核表达质粒的构建

目的构建空肠弯曲菌Penner O:19 galE基因真核表达质粒。方法 PCR扩增空肠弯曲菌Penner O:19 galE基因,构建pGEM-T-galE克隆质粒及构建pEGFP-N1-galE真核表达质粒,并检测真核表达质粒在293T细胞中的表达。结果构建了真核表达质粒pEGFP-N1-galE,检测到其在293T细胞表达。结论 pEGFP-N1可作为Penner O:19 galE基因的真核表达载体。

Analysis of Supercell Storm Structure and Mesocyclone Parameters

By using the high spatial and temporal resolution Jinan Doppler Weather Radar data and Jinan,Xingtai sounding data,the radar signature and mesocyclone parameters of 54 supercells during 2003-2008 were analyzed.The results showed that the probability of a supercell forming would be higher when SI (showalter index) ≤ -2℃,K (K index) ≥ 30℃ and 0-6 km wind shear>15 m/s.The supercell storms can generally be divided into two categories,namely,type of isolation and mosaic type.To the type of isolation,the max reflectivity,cell-based VIL,max reflectivity height,cell top,mesocyclone base and top were significantly higher than the mosaic type.Isolation-type supercells had significantly higher probability of hail,lower probability of gale than the mosaic category.The mesocyclone attribute differences between isolation-type and mosaic type supercells determined the differences of storm structures and severe weather phenomenon.

Gale国际网络版数据库简介

信息传递技术的发展使网上数据库等引进我国。本文简单地介绍了几个数据库的特点及使用方法 ,旨在扩大使用率 。

定制自己的数据库:我馆对InfoTrac Custom期刊的评选

本文从我馆对GALE公司的InfoTrac Custom期刊数据库组织评选的实际工作出发,总结了我馆对该数据库的期刊具体的评选程序,提出了这种新的数据库的组织采购模式对当前的数据库采购的意义。

Applications of Bias-removed Ensemble Mean in the Gale Forecasts over the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea

Based on the daily sea surface wind field prediction data of Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA) forecast model,National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP GFS) model and U.S.Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System(NOGAPS) model at 12:00 UTC from June 28 to August 10 in 2009,the bias-removed ensemble mean(BRE) was used to do the forecast test on the sea surface wind fields,and the root-mean-square error(RMSE) was used to test and evaluate the forecast results.The results showed that the BRE considerably reduced the RMSEs of 24 and 48 h sea surface wind field forecasts,and the forecast skill was superior to that of the single model forecast.The RMSE decreases in the south of central Bohai Sea and the middle of the Yellow Sea were the most obvious.In addition,the BRE forecast improved evidently the forecast skill of the gale process which occurred during July 13-14 and August 7 in 2009.The forecast accuracy of the wind speed and the gale location was also improved.

Analysis on Rare Squall Line Weather from Northeast

Based on weather radar,automatic weather station and conventional observation data,the squall line from northeast occurred in the night of June 21,2005 in Binzhou City was analyzed.The analysis showed the characteristics of the meteorological elements and the system which played a major role was in the upper troposphere.Transversal trough,shear line,high-altitude cold air,low-altitude warm air,and severe warming on the ground surface were conducive to the promotion of convective instability and resulted in the occurrence of squall line.The squall line clouds on satellite images which showed dense and oval indicated that convection was strong and squall line may be generated.In the radar echo images the squall line showed herringbone or bow,bull's-eye structure and the main front was associated with thin ribbon weak echo which was the sign of the emergence of gale.The wind divergence observed on automatic weather station was related with downburst,and counter-clockwise changes of the wind direction in vertical wind profile products.

Analysis on the Gale Climate Characteristics and Circulation Situation in Jinzhou Area

Based on the gale observation data in 5 observation stations in Jinzhou area from 1973 to 2007,the gale trend and the periodic change in Jinzhou area were analyzed by using the linear trend estimation method and the spectral analysis method. Meanwhile,the circulation situation characteristics and the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of gale in four seasons were discussed by surveying generally the weather charts. The results showed that the gale in Jinzhou area presented the fluctuation decline trend and had 3.5,7.0 years periodic changes. The gale in spring is the most and in summer was the least. It was less in winter and autumn. Seen from the analysis on the circulation situation,the gale circulation situation in Jinzhou area was similar to in Liaoning. The circulation situation in spring was basically consistent with in autumn,winter. The main situations had 3 kinds:north high south low(west high east low) ,two high clipping low,south high north low(east high west low) . In summer,the regional gale weather was mainly caused by the meso-micro scale system.

High level of soluble expression and purification of catalytically active native UDP-galactose 4-epimerase of <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i>in <i>E. coli</i>

The ubiquitous Aeromonas hydrophila is responsible for several pathological conditions in fish and human. Like most gram negative bacteria, its virulence relies on outer membrane lipopolysachharide (LPS). The Leloir pathway enzyme UDP-galactose 4-epimerase (GalE), plays an important role in the LPS biosynthesis, and therefore is a potential drug target. We have earlier carried out extensive biochemical and biophysical studies with histidine-tagged recombinant GalE. However, for effective drug design it is desirable to understand the structure-function relation of a protein in its native form without any additional sequences or tags. In the present study, we report the high level expression, purification and characterization of recombinant GalE (rGalE) of Aeromonas hydrophila in its native form in E coli. The rGalE expressed as a soluble protein was purified to near homogeneity. From 1 L of shake flask culture ~15 mg of purified rGalE was obtained. The purified protein was biologically active with Km and Kcat values of 0.7 mM and 28.8 s–1, respectively. The enzyme exhibited a temperature and pH optima of 37。C and 7 - 9, respectively. Thus, the present study employed for soluble expression and purification of functionally active rGalE without any tag bypasses the need for cumbersome strategies associated with removal of tag from purified protein.

Definition of water exchange zone between the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea and the effect of winter gale on it

The marine dynamic environment of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea in the winter of 2006 is simulated by the Regional Ocean Modelling System（ROMS） marine numerical model. Using the simulated temperature and salinity, the water exchange zone between the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea is defined through the Spectral Mixture Model（SMM）. The influence of winter gales on the water exchange is also discussed. It is found that the Yellow Sea water masses in winter are distributed in a ＂tongue＂ shape in the Bohai Strait region, the water exchange zone presents a zonal distribution along the margin of the ＂tongue＂, with a tendency of running from northwest to southeast, and the water exchange is intensified at the tip of the ＂tongue＂. Besides, the coastal area in the northernmost Yellow Sea does not participate in the water exchange between the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea. The result shows that the winter gale events play a role in enhancing the water exchange. It is specifically shown by the facts： the Yellow Sea warm current is enhanced to intrude the Bohai Sea by the gale process; the water exchange zone extends into the Bohai Sea; the water exchange belt in the southern part becomes wider; the mixture zone of river runoff with the Bohai Sea water upon its entry is enlarged and shifts northwards. Within two days after the gale process, the exchange zone retreats toward the Yellow Sea and the exchange zone resulted from the Huanghe River（Yellow River） runoff also shrinks back shoreward.

A METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF GALE REGION OVER OCEANSURFACE BY TROPICAL CYCLONE USING T_(BB)

With black-body temperature (TBB) from GMS infrared cloud imagery for 16 tropical cyclones in 1996 -- 1997 and domestic and overseas reports of gale by tropical cyclones as well as some conventional andshipboard wind reports, a number of conceptual charts are statistically summarized to determine ranges of galesOn near gale and 10 of the storm. A method by which the radius of gale is operationally useful has beed tested.