Objective To study the arrhythmia induced by stimulation of nicotine-sensitive neurons in cardiac ganglial plexuses. Methods When nicotine (100 μg ) was injected into canine right atrial ganglial plexus (RAGP) and ga...Objective To study the arrhythmia induced by stimulation of nicotine-sensitive neurons in cardiac ganglial plexuses. Methods When nicotine (100 μg ) was injected into canine right atrial ganglial plexus (RAGP) and ganglial plexus between aorta and pulmonary artery (A-PGP) in 33 anesthetized open-chest dog, electrocardiogram, atrial force and ventricular intramyocardial pressures (IMP) were recorded. The responses were also recorded following administration of atropine or propranolol and after heart acute decentralization. Results Ventricular arrhythmia (VA) was induced by injections of nicotine into A-PGP, but not by injections of nicotine into RAGP in 13 dogs. Atrioventricilar (A-V) block was induced by nicotine activating RAGP in 10 dogs, but not by nicotine activating A-PGP. Propranolol could reduce the frequency of VA elicited by stimulating A-PGP, atropine could reduce the frequency of A-V block elicited by stimulating RAGP. After acute decentralization, VA was still induced by activation of A-PGP in 9 dogs, but A-V block elicited by stimulating RAGP was decreased. Conclusion VA is induced by stimulating N receptor in cardiac nicotine-sensitive efferent sympathetic neurons of ventricular ganglial plexus (A-PGP), and then modifying β receptor of ventricles. A-V block is elicited by stimulating N receptor in atrial ganglial plexus (RAGP), then modifying M receptor of A-V node not only via efferent parasympathetic neurons, but also via afferent pathway.展开更多
目的观察银杏叶提取物(extract of ginkgo biloba leaf,EGB)对糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经节细胞凋亡相关基因Bax和Bcl-2表达的影响,探讨EGB防治糖尿病性视网膜病变的作用机制。方法选择健康成年Wistar大鼠30只,随机分成正常对照组、模型组和...目的观察银杏叶提取物(extract of ginkgo biloba leaf,EGB)对糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经节细胞凋亡相关基因Bax和Bcl-2表达的影响,探讨EGB防治糖尿病性视网膜病变的作用机制。方法选择健康成年Wistar大鼠30只,随机分成正常对照组、模型组和EGB治疗组。腹腔内注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱发大鼠糖尿病。EGB治疗组给予EGB溶液灌胃12周,模型组和对照组灌服等体积生理盐水,随后制备视网膜石蜡切片,行免疫组化染色,并对染色结果行计算机图像分析。透射电镜观察各组神经节细胞的超微结构变化。结果Bax在模型组神经节细胞的表达较正常对照组显著增强,在EGB治疗组的表达强度较模型组减弱;Bcl-2在EGB治疗组表达较模型组明显增强,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。EGB治疗组神经节细胞超微结构的损害明显减轻。结论EGB可减轻糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经节细胞的超微结构损伤,减轻细胞凋亡的发生,其机制可能与EGB调节凋亡相关基因Bax和Bcl-2的表达有关。展开更多
In this study, rabbit models of optic nerve injury were reproduced by the clamp method. After modeling, rabbit models were given one injection of 50 ng recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor into the vitreous b...In this study, rabbit models of optic nerve injury were reproduced by the clamp method. After modeling, rabbit models were given one injection of 50 ng recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor into the vitreous body and/or intragastric injection of 4 g/kg compound light granules containing Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Raidix Paeoniae Alba at 4 days after modeling, once per day for 30 consecutive days. After administration, the animals were sacrificed and the intraorbital optic nerve was harvested. Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that the injured optic nerve was thinner and optic nerve fibers were irregular. After treatment with recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor, the arrangement of optic nerve fibers was disordered but they were not markedly thinner. After treatment with compound light granules, the arrangement of optic nerve fibers was slightly disordered and their structure was intact. After combined treatment with recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor and compound light granules, the arrangement of optic nerve fibers was slightly disordered and the degree of injury was less than after either treatment alone. Results of tensile mechanical testing of the optic nerve showed that the tensile elastic limit strain, elastic limit stress, maximum stress and maximum strain of the injured optic nerve were significantly lower than the normal optic nerve. After treatment with recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor and/or compound light granules, the tensile elastic limit strain, elastic limit stress, maximum stress and maximum strain of the injured optic nerve were significantly increased, especially after the combined treatment. These experimental findings indicate that compound light granules and ciliary neurotrophic factor can alleviate optic nerve injury at the histological and biochemical levels, and the combined treatment is more effective than either treatment alone.展开更多
目的对比软通道及硬通道微创手术治疗基底节区脑出血的疗效、安全性。方法 2012年4月至2014年3月,在我院收治的78例首次基底节区脑出血患者中进行了单随机对照临床试验。患者或接受软通道或硬通道微创手术,每组各39例。主要观察指标:术...目的对比软通道及硬通道微创手术治疗基底节区脑出血的疗效、安全性。方法 2012年4月至2014年3月,在我院收治的78例首次基底节区脑出血患者中进行了单随机对照临床试验。患者或接受软通道或硬通道微创手术,每组各39例。主要观察指标:术后并发症的发生率,治疗后3个月的格拉斯哥预后评分(Glasgow Outcome Scale,GOS)与死亡率。结果两组在90 d颅内积气的发生率(0.00% vs 0.00%,P=1.00)、再发出血的发生率(5.13%vs 7.69%,P=0.664)、继发颅内血肿的发生率(2.56% vs 5.13%,P=0.556)、颅内感染的发生率(0.00% vs 0.00%,P=1.00)、脑脊液漏的发生率(2.56% vs 2.56%,P=1.000)、死亡率(2.56% vs 2.56%,P=1.000)及治疗后3个月的格拉斯哥预后评分(P=0.993)均无统计学差异。结论软、硬通道微创手术治疗基底节区脑出血均疗效确切,治疗效果相同。展开更多
文摘Objective To study the arrhythmia induced by stimulation of nicotine-sensitive neurons in cardiac ganglial plexuses. Methods When nicotine (100 μg ) was injected into canine right atrial ganglial plexus (RAGP) and ganglial plexus between aorta and pulmonary artery (A-PGP) in 33 anesthetized open-chest dog, electrocardiogram, atrial force and ventricular intramyocardial pressures (IMP) were recorded. The responses were also recorded following administration of atropine or propranolol and after heart acute decentralization. Results Ventricular arrhythmia (VA) was induced by injections of nicotine into A-PGP, but not by injections of nicotine into RAGP in 13 dogs. Atrioventricilar (A-V) block was induced by nicotine activating RAGP in 10 dogs, but not by nicotine activating A-PGP. Propranolol could reduce the frequency of VA elicited by stimulating A-PGP, atropine could reduce the frequency of A-V block elicited by stimulating RAGP. After acute decentralization, VA was still induced by activation of A-PGP in 9 dogs, but A-V block elicited by stimulating RAGP was decreased. Conclusion VA is induced by stimulating N receptor in cardiac nicotine-sensitive efferent sympathetic neurons of ventricular ganglial plexus (A-PGP), and then modifying β receptor of ventricles. A-V block is elicited by stimulating N receptor in atrial ganglial plexus (RAGP), then modifying M receptor of A-V node not only via efferent parasympathetic neurons, but also via afferent pathway.
文摘目的观察银杏叶提取物(extract of ginkgo biloba leaf,EGB)对糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经节细胞凋亡相关基因Bax和Bcl-2表达的影响,探讨EGB防治糖尿病性视网膜病变的作用机制。方法选择健康成年Wistar大鼠30只,随机分成正常对照组、模型组和EGB治疗组。腹腔内注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱发大鼠糖尿病。EGB治疗组给予EGB溶液灌胃12周,模型组和对照组灌服等体积生理盐水,随后制备视网膜石蜡切片,行免疫组化染色,并对染色结果行计算机图像分析。透射电镜观察各组神经节细胞的超微结构变化。结果Bax在模型组神经节细胞的表达较正常对照组显著增强,在EGB治疗组的表达强度较模型组减弱;Bcl-2在EGB治疗组表达较模型组明显增强,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。EGB治疗组神经节细胞超微结构的损害明显减轻。结论EGB可减轻糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经节细胞的超微结构损伤,减轻细胞凋亡的发生,其机制可能与EGB调节凋亡相关基因Bax和Bcl-2的表达有关。
文摘In this study, rabbit models of optic nerve injury were reproduced by the clamp method. After modeling, rabbit models were given one injection of 50 ng recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor into the vitreous body and/or intragastric injection of 4 g/kg compound light granules containing Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Raidix Paeoniae Alba at 4 days after modeling, once per day for 30 consecutive days. After administration, the animals were sacrificed and the intraorbital optic nerve was harvested. Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that the injured optic nerve was thinner and optic nerve fibers were irregular. After treatment with recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor, the arrangement of optic nerve fibers was disordered but they were not markedly thinner. After treatment with compound light granules, the arrangement of optic nerve fibers was slightly disordered and their structure was intact. After combined treatment with recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor and compound light granules, the arrangement of optic nerve fibers was slightly disordered and the degree of injury was less than after either treatment alone. Results of tensile mechanical testing of the optic nerve showed that the tensile elastic limit strain, elastic limit stress, maximum stress and maximum strain of the injured optic nerve were significantly lower than the normal optic nerve. After treatment with recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor and/or compound light granules, the tensile elastic limit strain, elastic limit stress, maximum stress and maximum strain of the injured optic nerve were significantly increased, especially after the combined treatment. These experimental findings indicate that compound light granules and ciliary neurotrophic factor can alleviate optic nerve injury at the histological and biochemical levels, and the combined treatment is more effective than either treatment alone.
文摘目的对比软通道及硬通道微创手术治疗基底节区脑出血的疗效、安全性。方法 2012年4月至2014年3月,在我院收治的78例首次基底节区脑出血患者中进行了单随机对照临床试验。患者或接受软通道或硬通道微创手术,每组各39例。主要观察指标:术后并发症的发生率,治疗后3个月的格拉斯哥预后评分(Glasgow Outcome Scale,GOS)与死亡率。结果两组在90 d颅内积气的发生率(0.00% vs 0.00%,P=1.00)、再发出血的发生率(5.13%vs 7.69%,P=0.664)、继发颅内血肿的发生率(2.56% vs 5.13%,P=0.556)、颅内感染的发生率(0.00% vs 0.00%,P=1.00)、脑脊液漏的发生率(2.56% vs 2.56%,P=1.000)、死亡率(2.56% vs 2.56%,P=1.000)及治疗后3个月的格拉斯哥预后评分(P=0.993)均无统计学差异。结论软、硬通道微创手术治疗基底节区脑出血均疗效确切,治疗效果相同。
