Review of Dietary Therapy Development in Ming and Qing Dynasties

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,with the development of politics,economy and culture,the development of health maintenance of traditional Chinese medicine entered a heyday.Food therapy is an important part of the health theory of traditional Chinese medicine.In the 5,000 years of Chinese civilization,you can see the record of food therapy everywhere.It can be said that food therapy of traditional Chinese medicine develops together with traditional Chinese medicine.As a treasure in the treasure-house of Chinese medicine,food therapy has a long history and rich practice.Based on the current research,further research on relevant theories remains to be carried out.Focusing on the historical period of Ming and Qing dynasties,this paper takes the works related to food,nutrition and therapy(including general works and monographs on diet),the health thoughts and practice characteristics of representative health practitioners as the research perspective,and sorts out the above research contents in the past 20 years,analyzes the research overview and trend.It is found that in the study of food nourishing in Ming and Qing dynasties,there are few studies on the contents of diet nourishing in the general works.This suggests that when we study the development of diet nourishing in Ming and Qing Dynasties,we should not only study the monograph of diet nourishing and the thoughts of doctors,but also pay attention to the diet nourishing thought reflected in the general works.The study of diet monographs in Ming Dynasty mainly focused on the textual research of wild plants,and the study of diet monographs in Qing Dynasty mainly focused on the application.The study on the health care thought of doctors in Ming and Qing Dynasties mainly focused on the views of food nourishing and personal health care.These studies are summarized in order to provide reference for further theoretical research and provide reference for contemporary research on food nourishing diet.

Study on the Factors of Kunming Temple Garden in the Period of Ming and Qing Dynasties

Being based on preliminary study of Kunming famous temples during the Ming and Qing dynasties,field investigation was carried out about the framework of landscape,layout of waters,characteristic of structure and plant furnishing in Tanhua temple,Black Dragon Pool,Masijid of Shuncheng,Haiyuan temple and Golden Shrine which are famous temple garden in Kunming. A simple interpretation was drawn of artistic characteristics on temple garden in Kunming during the Ming and Qing dynasties via analytical investigation on many factors which influenced the development of garden of Dynasties of Ming and Qing. Then we have reviewed the elemental traits of temple garden built at that time,put forward some constructive suggestions on how to protect and develop those temple garden now still exist in Kunming.

Development and Characteristics of Academy Garden in Dali in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

Academy is a special education organization and academic research institute in ancient China, founded in the Tang Dynasty, and prospered in the Ming and Qing Dynasty. Academy garden as a type of classical Chinese garden shows ethnic characteristics in the regions inhabited by ethnic groups.

Study on Sand Junk Culture in Shanghai during the Ming and Qing Dynasties

Starting from the perspective of shipping culture,sand junk culture in Shanghai during the Ming and Qing Dynasties was studied from the aspects of material,system,behavior and mentality.It is found that the change and development of sand junk culture in Shanghai during the Ming and Qing Dynasties are closely related to the convenient shipping conditions and economic activities."Sand junk culture"runs through the development of shipping industry in Shanghai area,reflecting a pioneering and enterprising,compatible and inclusive spirit.

Studies on Xin'an Medicine(新安医学)since the Ming and Qing Dynasties

This article reviews the studies on Xin'an medicine since the Ming and Qing dynasties and introduces the representative Xin'an physicians in different periods and their medical works as well as the efforts made by researchers and scholars in the 20th Century,aiming to interpret the historical values and impacts of Xin'an medicine and hence facilitate its development in future.

Research and Discussion on the Stereotyped Writing Criticism Genre during Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties

In this paper, we conduct research on the stereotyped writing criticism genre during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Eightpart essay writing is a comprehensive strong style, its four topics from the fi ve classics, and its basic form is gradually formed in the evolution of the core imperial examination in China. Review especially on origin, teachers not only with the righteousness that try post poems strategy is so far producing precious examination style also with basic prose. Although some scholars also mentioned as this period literature genre that presents regional features mainly by the local cultural history environment, family relations, economic basis and other factors, but ignores the literature community in the form of the regional literature genre has played important role in the general process. Under this basis, this paper proposes the novel ideals on the corresponding issues that will help understand and analyzes the characteristics of stereotyped writing more.

Research and Discussion on the Stereotyped Writing Criticism Genre during Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties

In this paper, we conduct research on the stereotyped writing criticism genre during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Eightpartessay writing is a comprehensive strong style, its four topics from the fi ve classics, and its basic form is gradually formed in the evolutionof the core imperial examination in China. Review especially on origin, teachers not only with the righteousness that try post poems strategy isso far producing precious examination style also with basic prose. Although some scholars also mentioned as this period literature genre thatpresents regional features mainly by the local cultural history environment, family relations, economic basis and other factors, but ignores theliterature community in the form of the regional literature genre has played important role in the general process. Under this basis, this paperproposes the novel ideals on the corresponding issues that will help understand and analyzes the characteristics of stereotyped writing more.

Sino-Thai Relations in the Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties

This paper takes Thailand recorded in Chinese ancient texts during the Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties(12th-19th centuries A.D.)as the main source of research,especially the interactions between China and countries in the Thai region as recorded in these ancient texts,namely Yuanshi,Xin Yuanshi,Daoyi Zhilüe,Mingshilu,and Qingshi Gao.The relationship between China and Thailand is studied in three aspects:(1)tribute relations;(2)folk commerce;and(3)Chinese immigration.

Research on the Landscape Painting in Ming and Qing Dynasties of the Art of Wu School

In this paper, we conduct research on the landscape painting in Ming and Qing dynasties of the art of Wu School. The Wu School of art is full of creativity, they worship nature, between large vigorous refined landscape painting in the real world with fast red green courtyard, this spirit of the innovation to future generations of artists with great inspiration, Wu school opened up the artistic development for future generations, direct and profound infi uence after the landscape painting and flower and bird painting. Today, we are in the pursuit of the traditional Chinese painting of change, innovation, modernization, “Wu door school” this group of literati painter to do a historical retrospect that is a positive significance. Based on this historical time, we analyze the corresponding theories to provide the systematic research that will be meaningful.

The Tragedy of Women Rebels： Figures of Women Rebels in the Literature of Ming and Qing Dynasties

In the volume of Chinese literature of Ming and Qing dynasties, there are a lot of well-known figures of women rebels, who have been highly spoken of by many later critics for their braveness in breaking the conventional and unfair rules made for women in that male-centered society. In the traditional point of view, the appearance of these literary figures marks the awareness of self-consciousness of women. But this paper, by analyzing two of the representative figures of them, Miss Du Liniang （杜丽娘） in Tang Xianzu＇s drama The Peony Pavilion （牡丹亭） and the women in the Women＇s Kingdom （女儿国） in Li Ruzhen＇s novel Flowers in the Mirror （镜花缘）, tries to figure out and distinguish the superficial gender dependence and the real but hidden role of ＂the other＂ in these characters. It purports to convince that such processes of rebellion are none the less women＇s tragedies, for they serve only to show Chinese women＇s unchangeable position of ＂the second sex＂ in the traditional male-centered society of old China, but merely in some new and different ways.

Construction of the Sense of Belonging of Place Spirit in the Renovation of Historical Blocks: A Case Study of Ancient Town Street of Ming and Qing Dynasties in Hekou, Qianshan

The renovation of historical blocks often stays at the material level of buildings, ignoring the deeper spiritual level, which can not arouse people’s sense of belonging to the city memory. Based on the protection of local Qianshan area culture, taking Hekou ancient town street of Ming and Qing Dynasty as an example, with the construction of place spirit and sense of belonging as the primary goal, and combining the history and culture of the city, the current situation of the streets and the characteristics of the buildings, this paper put forward the relevant renovation measures to provide a kind of thinking for the refined and rational renovation of the blocks in the future.

Riding the Sea and Chasing the Wave Chinese Ceramics Sold to Europe in the Ming and Qing Dynasties(II)

正Orders from Europe: Features of Chinese Export Porcelain Chinese porcelain was first imported to Europe by Portuguese traders. However, the glossy ware was not supposed to be profitable and was bought as ballast for silk, lacquer ware, spice, and other dearly cargos.

Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties

Built between 1368 and 1911, The Imperial Tombs of the Ming （1368- 1644） and Qing （1644-1911） dynaslies includes Xianling Tombs of theMing Dynast）. Eastern and Western Qing Tornbs, Xiaoling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty.

Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing and Shenyang

As the imperial residences of the emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties （1368-1911）, the Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing and Shenyang were the centers of state power in late feudal China.

Furniture of the Ming & Qing Dynasties

FOREIGNERShaveplayedapivotalroleincreatingtheMingandQingfurniturecollectioncraze.Collectorsbeganlookingforpiecesasearlyasthe17thcentury,whenfurniturewastakenfromimperialcourtsfollowingthedownfalloftheMingDynasty.Duringthe"culturalrevolution"(1966-76...

Functional Features and Layouts of Yangzhou Residential Gardens in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China: A Case Study of Residential Gardens of Officials, Merchants and Literati

On the basis of analyzing socio-economic structures, social classes and their relations in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, this paper took residential gardens of three principal groups(officials, merchants and literati) for example, analyzed functional features and layouts of the gardens, explored artistic characteristics and cultural connotations of the local residential gardens, so as to provide references for the conservation and construction of historic and cultural cities, design and expression of modern urban livable spaces.

Social Classes and Cultural Connotations of Yangzhou Home Gardens during the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

During the late Qing Dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China(1870-1930),the social classes in Yangzhou were basically dominated by officials,businessmen,and scholars.In the building number,scale,and functional evolution of their home gardens,these three classes were different,reflecting abundant connotation of characteristic of the time and regional culture,revealing the inheritance path of Yangzhou culture,as well as the richness and diversity of home gardens in Yangzhou during the late Qing Dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China.

Spatial Characteristics of Royal Gardens in the Early Qing Dynasty: A Case Study of Emperor Yongzheng Enjoying the Happiness of a Family Union in Twelve Lunar Months

Taking the painting Emperor Yongzheng Enjoying the Happiness of a Family Union in Twelve Lunar Months for example, this study explored the spatial characteristics of the architecture and garden reflected by the scroll against the background of the Western learning spreading eastward in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Combining with the conjectures put forward by previous scholars on the possible places of the Emperor Yongzheng Enjoying the Happiness of a Family Union in Twelve Lunar Months, with reference to the relevant historical materials, the interior space of the painting was analyzed by restoring the imaginary map and drawing the graph to complete the restoration design of space of the scroll painting. It is hoped that this study can enrich the research on the royal garden in the early Qing Dynasty.

Evil Alien Franks:The Early Emergence of Chinese Negative Impression of the West in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

Portugal,Spain and France,which were used to be called Franks by Chinese,were three representative Western powers that successively contacted and constantly interacted with the Ming and Qing Dynasties after the discovery of the new maritime routes.However,compared with the Roman and Byzantine Empires,which usually made positive impressions on Chinese,the Chinese impression of these three powers was completely negative.In conclusion,Chinese tended to see them as aggressive,strange but powerful foreigners with cunning and turbulent ways,constantly seeking their own territorial aggrandizement.This was allied to an increasingly negative Chinese appreciation of Catholicism reinforcing the hostile image of the Franks in general and the entire Western world as embodied in the concept of Daxiyang(大西洋).The fact that these seemingly unstoppable alien forces challenged the existing world order as framed by Chinese civilization,and the clash between Catholicism and Confucian ethics,provided an enduring basis for the suspicions and dislike amongst Chinese towards a Frankish presence in their midst.