Environment-friendly Insulating Gases for HVDC Gas-insulated Transmission Lines

Environment-friendly gas insulating mediums adapted to a DC gas-insulated transmission line(GIL)electric field condition is the key to the next generation of Environment-friendly HVDC GILs.In this paper,we review the literature on sulfur hexafluoride(SF6)alternatives including the scientific understanding,control,and implementation of gas-solid systems in this type of power transmission.First,the structure-activity relationship between the molecular structure and physico-chemical properties of Environment-friendly insulating gases is presented.Then,the search and prediction of important physicochemical properties of gases are summarized.Subsequently,in view of the potential of environmental friendly insulating gases,the swarm parameters of gas discharge and breakdown properties in a quasi-uniform field,inhomogeneous field,and at the gas-solid interface,that need to be taken into account with industrialized DC GILs are discussed.The latest research progress on insulation characteristics,especially the polarity effect in DC gas-solid insulation systems,the sensitivity to the electrode surface state,and the non-uniformity of the electric field,and the influence of metal particles and their variation with air pressure,is highlighted.In addition,the heat transfer characteristics of insulating gases,related to DC GIL transmission with a large current-carrying capacity and the influence of alternative gases on the heat transfer characteristics are described.Finally,aiming at solving the contradiction of low environmental impact,high dielectric strength and low liquefaction temperatures in the selection of alternative gases,an coordinated regulation model for Environment-friendly gases in DC GILs is established.Considerations for future work on this topic are also presented.

直流GIL中自由线形金属微粒的运动与放电特性

针对直流GIL中较常见且具有严重影响的自由线形金属微粒,搭建了贴合实际工况的封闭式同轴圆柱电极平台,同时使用高速相机和局放监测手段观测线形金属微粒的运动、局放与击穿行为。定量获得了微粒长度对站立与跳跃两种不同运动模式发生概率的影响;拍摄了站立线形微粒引起的电晕图像,同时监测、提取并统计微粒引起的局部放电情况;记录金属微粒引起的击穿图像,并基于流注理论分析了自由线形金属微粒引起的气隙击穿特性。研究表明:线形微粒的起动场强与微粒的长度基本无关,而与微粒的半径开方成正比,微粒越短,起动后越易达到跳跃运动状态,而微粒越长,越易保持站立状态;微粒引起的局部放电随着微粒长度的增大而更加剧烈;对于跳跃的自由线形微粒,其引起的微放电击穿间距随着微粒长度的增加而增加,击穿电压随着微粒长度的增加而降低。

温度对直流GIL绝缘子电荷积聚特性的影响

研究直流电压下绝缘子表面电荷积聚问题对于推进直流气体绝缘金属封闭输电线路(gas insulated metal-enclosed transmission line,GIL)的发展至关重要。现有试验研究中均未考虑温度对电荷积聚的影响,难以获得用于实际工程中的直流GIL绝缘子电荷积聚情况。而仿真计算仅从理论上分析了温度对电荷积聚的影响规律,尚缺乏有效的实验验证。为了解决上述问题,该文设计了可模拟直流GIL导杆发热现象的绝缘子表面电位测量试验平台,并设计了同轴圆柱结构试验模型。研制了紧凑型静电位测量系统对不同温度下绝缘子的表面电位进行了测量,掌握了直流GIL导杆温度对绝缘子电荷积聚特性的影响。试验结果表明:当中心电极温度由室温升高至70℃时,在正极性电压作用下,绝缘子平均表面电位由278V增大至1670V(501%);在负极性电压作用下,绝缘子平均表面电位为负,绝对值由460V增大至1507V(228%)。因此,在进行绝缘优化设计时,需要考虑温度的影响,该研究可为直流GIL绝缘优化设计提供参考。