Interaction and Compatibility Between DAAzF and Some Energetic Materials

The interaction and compatibility between diaminoazofuraz(DAAzF)and some energetic materials are studied by using pressure differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)method.The energetic materials include cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine(HMX),cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine(RDX),nitrocellulose(NC),nitroglycerine(NG),125/100-NC/NG mixture(NC+NG),N-nitrodihydroxyethylaminedinitrate(DINA),aluminum powder(Al),and 3,4-dinitrofurzanfuroxan(DNTF).The results show that there are obvious interactions between DAAzF and DNTF,DINA,HMX or RDX,while weak interactions between DAAzF and NC,NG,NC+NG or Al.According to the evaluated standard of compatibility,the binary systems of DAAzF with NC,NG,NC+NG and Al are compatible,the binary system of it with RDX is slightly sensitive,the binary systems of it with HMX and DINA are sensitive,and the binary system of it with DNTF is hazardous.

Study on Polyurethane/(vinyl ester resin) IPN Damping Materials

Polyurethane/(vinyl ester resin) interpenetrating polymer network (PU/VER IPN) materials with broad temperatureranges and excellent damping properties from Iow temperature to room temperature were prepared. The influenceof comonomers and component ratios on the compatibility and damping properties of IPN materials was studied byDMA which indicates that such properties are improved by introducing acrylic esters instead of polystyrene (PSt)into VER comonomer system. The detected results of microstructure by AFM show that the phase ranges of thedual-phase continuous IPN materials obtained are both in nanometer scale. The results of mechanical propertiesshow that IPN materials show the regulation from elastic deformation to brittle deformation with the increase of VERproportion.

Photodetectors based on 2D material/Si heterostructure

In recent years,low-dimensional materials especially 2D materials have attracted wide attention due to their novel proprieties.Plenty of devices with excellent performance have been made for different applications basing on 2D materials.In order to further explore the advantages of 2D materials and integrating them into semiconductor fabrication lines,the 2D material/Si heterostructure-based photodetectors played important roles in many different domains due to their price advantage,mature manufacturing craft and good compatibility to integrated circuits.

Improving compatibility between thermoelectric components through current refraction

It is well known that components with dissimilar compatibility factors cannot be combined by segmentation into an efficient thermoelectric generator, since each component needs a unique optimal current density. Based on the complex variable method, the thermal-electric field within a hi-layered thermoelectric composite has been analyzed, and the field distributions have been obtained in closed-form. Our analysis shows that current refraction occurs at the interface, both the refraction angle and current density vary with the incidence angle. Further analysis proves that the current densities in two components can be adjusted independently by adjusting the incidence current density and incidence angle, thus the optimal current density can be matched in both components, and the conversion efficiency can be significantly increased. These results point to a new route for high efficiency thermoelectric composites.

CHARACTERIZATION OF AMPHIPHILIC AND MICROPHASE SEPARATED GRAFT COPOLYMERS Ⅱ SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION AND IN VITRO BLOOD-COMPATIBILITY ASSESSMENT OF POLYSTYRENE-GRAFT-ω-STEARYLPOLY (ETHYLENE OXIDE)

This paper reported the research results concerning the surface characterization ofpolystyrene-graft-w-stearyl poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-g-SPEO) by means of XPS,contactangle measurement and TEM, and its in vitro blood compatibility assessment by measuringthe plasma recalcification time (RT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT). The XPSresults demonstrated that the surface and bulk composition of the PS-g-SPEO graftcopolymers differ remarkably from each other,and that SPEO component was constantlyenriched at the copolymer/air interface. Contact angle studies indicated that the surfacewater wettability can be adjusted effectively by changing the composition of the copolymer.PS-g-SPEO graft copolymers can undergo microphase separation as clearly illustrated byTEM photographs. The relationship between the surface properties of PS-g-SPEO graftcopolymer and its blood compatibility was also discussed.

Blood Compatibility of Amphiphilic Poly(N-α-acrylamide-L-lysine-<i>b</i>-dimethylsiloxane) Block Copolymers

Amphiphilic block copolymers poly(LysAA-b-DMS) consisting of a hydrophilic poly(N-α-acrylamide-L-lysine) [poly(LysAA)] segment with different molecular weights and a hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) segment were prepared as follows. The precursor copolymer poly(Boc-LysAA-OtBu-b-PDMS) was obtained from radical polymerization of N-α-acrylamide-N-ε-tert-butoxycarbonyl-L-lysine-tert-butylester (Boc-LysAA-OtBu) initiated with 4,4’-azobis(polydimethylsiloxane 4-cyanopentanoate) (azo-PDMS) with the molecular weight of PDMS Mw = 4.3 × 103 in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) as a chain-transfer agent. Removal of the protecting groups of the precursor copolymer was carried out in 80% trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution to give poly(LysAA-b-DMS)-1-3. The weight average molecular weight of poly(LysAA-b-DMS)-1-3 was Mw = 1.02 × 104 – 2.52 × 104. From the 1H-NMR and fluorescence spectra measurements, poly(LysAA-b-DMS)-1-3 was determined to self-organize and form core-shell micelles in water. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) increased to 1000 - 4000 mg·L–1 with increasing molar ratio of the poly(LysAA) segment from 0.42 to 0.65. From morphological analysis with a scanning probe microscope (SPM), poly(LysAA-b-DMS) has microphase-separated structures made up of hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions with the domain size ranging from several tens to several hundreds of nanometers. Inhibition of thrombin activity of poly(LysAA-b-DMS) was evaluated from the Michaelis constant (KM) and catalytic activity (kcat) for the enzymatic reaction of thrombin and synthetic substrate S-2238 in the presence of poly(LysAA-b-DMS). The KM and kcat were 0.10 - 0.11 mM and 4.04 × 105 – 4.26 × 105 min–1, respectively. Fibrinolytic activity was also verified from the transformation of plasminogen to plasmin by tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) using synthetic substrate S-2251 in the presence of poly(LysAA-b-DMS). The KM and kcat were 0.07 mM and 5.73 × 106 –5.95 × 106 min–1, respectively.

Compatibility Rules of Prescriptions of Tibetan Medicine Polygonatum cirrhifolium Based on Data Mining

[Objectives]To study the prescription compatibility rules of the Tibetan medicine Polygonatum cirrhifolium(Polygonati Rhizoma,Huangjing)based on data mining,so as to provide data support for clinical application and new drug development.[Methods]Prescriptions containing Tibetan medicine Huangjing were collected from Tibetan Medicine Prescriptions Encyclopedia and Tibetan Medicine Classic Literature Collection.The Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing System(TCMICS 3.0)and R version 4.1.3 were used to mine and analyze the compatibility rules of prescriptions containing Tibetan medicinal material Huangjing,the rules of medication for high-frequency diseases,and the association rules of various medicinal materials.[Results]A total of 124 prescriptions were collected from the classic literature of Tibetan medicine,and the frequency statistical analysis showed that drugs compatible with Huangjing(≥15)included Tianmendong(Root of Cochinchinese Asparagus)(80),Mirabilis himalaica(Edgew.)Heimerl(Himalayan purple jasmine)(72),Jili(Tribuli Fructus)(70),Tibetan Aoruqin(Vicatia coniifolia)(58),Baidoukou(Round Cardamom Fruit)(47),Hezi(Chebulae Fructus)(45),Shouzhangshen(Rhizome of Conic Gymnadenia)(28),Yuganzi(Phyllanthi Fructus)(26),Pomegranate(25),Maohezi(Terminaliae Belliricae Fructus)(24),Zicaorong(Lacca)(23),Rougui(Cinnamomi Cortex)(15).The main diseases were yellow water disease(20),gynecological diseases(19),kidney cold disease(17),and other Tibetan medicine diseases.Association rule analysis showed that the drug combinations with the highest frequency were Huangjing—Tianmendong,Huangjing—Himalayan purple jasmine,and Huangjing—Jili.[Conclusions]The frequency of combined use of Tibetan medicine Huangjing with dry yellow water,tonifying kidney and diuresis,nourishing health,and treating gynecological diseases is relatively high.

Preparation and properties of Ce_(0.8)Ca_(0.2)O_(1.8) anode material by glycine-nitrate process

Ce0.8Ca0.2O1.8 (CDC82) anode material was prepared by glycine-nitrate process(GNP). Thermogravimetric(TG) analysis and differential scanning calorimetric(DSC) methods were adopted to characterize the reaction process of CDC82 material. X-ray diffractometry(XRD), scanning electron microcopy(SEM), direct current four probe (four-probe DC) and temperature process reduce(TPR) techniques were adopted to characterize the properties of CDC82 material. After the precursor was sintered at 750 ℃ for 4 h, CDC82 material with pure-fluorite structure and nanometer size was obtained. The total conductivity of CDC82 changes little with temperature in air at 50?850 ℃ , and the maximum value is 0.04 S/cm at 750 ℃ . The total conductivity wholly becomes larger when the atmosphere changes from air to hydrogen, which greatly increases with increasing temperature and reaches the maximum value of 1.09 S/cm at 850 ℃. Some impurities such as CeMg and La2O3 exist after the mixture of CDC82 anode and La1?xSrxGa1?yMgyO3?δ (LSGM) electrolyte material is sintered at 1 200 ℃ for 15 h. The CDC82 material as anode material has excellent catalytic property for hydrogen and methane.

中药有效成分结合骨组织工程材料用于骨修复

背景:如何修复骨缺损一直以来是临床难题,中药有效成分在骨修复方面具有良好的生物活性与治疗效果,将中药有效成分与组织工程材料相结合在骨修复领域具有广阔的前景。不同中药有效成分与支架的组合在作用关系方面具有相似之处。目的:搜集常见的中药有效成分与支架材料组合的案例,基于七情配伍的启发将组织工程支架与中药有效成分类比为产生配伍关系的两类中药,以二者的作用关系为纲进行归纳总结。方法:检索1998年1月至2024年1月Pub Med和中国知网数据库中发表的相关文献,英文检索词:“traditional Chinese medicine,Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese medicine monomers,bone defect,bone repair,bone tissue engineering,tissue engineering,scaffold”,中文检索词:“中药,中药有效成分,中药单体,骨组织工程,骨组织工程支架,支架,组织工程,骨缺损,骨修复”,最终纳入88篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:(1)组织工程支架材料与中药有效成分各自均在骨修复领域有广泛的运用,二者在成骨方面优势明显但仍有许多缺陷,许多研究致力于将二者制备成复合材料,希望通过二者间的相互作用发挥减毒增效作用。(2)一些药物与材料在成骨、抗菌、促血管生成方面能互相促进,增强原有的效果,受到传统方剂配伍观念的启发,文章将其归纳为“相须”关系,并举实例佐证。(3)一些药物能提高材料的强度,而某些材料能对负载于其上的药物实现缓释控释效果、增加载药量与稳定性,或是进行靶向递送,文章将这种单方面的提升效果归纳为“相使”关系。(4)一些中药与材料搭配使用能减少对方的毒副反应,文章将这种减毒关系归纳为“相畏相杀”。(5)文章得出了一个由七情配伍关系启发、基于作用关系分类的关于中药复合支架的全新视角,将中药传统观念引入组织工程领域,为后续复合支架的研究者提供新的研究思路,并在选材搭配方面提供一定的便利。

Recent research progress on the compatibility of tritium breeders with structural materials and coatings in fusion reactors

Nuclear fusion energy is considered as a clean and safe energy source.As the fuel of deuterium-tritium(D-T)fusion reactor,T must be produced by the reaction between neutron and lithium(Li)in the breeders.The blanket of fusion reactor will work in a high-temperature and radioactive environment.The long-term contact between T breeders and structural materials in such a harsh environment will result in corrosion and microstructure modification of material surfaces,and then affect the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of materials.To protect the structural materials from corrosion,coatings are applied to their surface.In addition,the coating also plays a role in preventing T permeation.The compatibility of T breeder materials with structural materials and coatings in the breeding blanket has always been a concern.In this paper,the up-to-date data on liquid and solid blanket of fusion reactors,the interaction behavior of T breeders with candidate structural materials,including reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel,oxide dispersion-strengthened steel,silicon carbide and vanadium alloy,and coatings are reviewed.The corrosion mechanism is also expounded.Furthermore,the corrosion behavior between different types of materials is compared comprehensively.At the end,the research and development prospects on this topic are suggested.

Material Compatibility of Hexamethyldisiloxane as Organic Rankine Cycle Working Fluids at High Temperatures

The organic Rankine cycle(ORC)is a promising technology for industrial waste heat recovery and renewable energy utilization.High temperature ORCs have attracted particular interest because of their high thermal efficiencies and outputs.The material compatibility of working fluid is a significant limitation for the working fluid selection and system design for high temperature ORCs.This work presents a method for studying the material compatibility of ORC working fluids based on the calculated conditions of the ORCs and matching of components,temperatures,and materials.Hexamethyldisiloxane(MM)was chosen as the test fluid.The experimental results show that 304 stainless steel has better compatibility with MM than copper as the material of evaporators.Fluoric rubber is not a suitable sealing material for high temperature ORCs with MM as the working fluids because of the bad compatibility.Mineral oil has better compatibility with MM than polyol ester(POE)lubricant as the lubricant for the fluid pump.

污泥焚烧炉渣/硝酸钾复合相变储热材料制备及性能

未妥善处理的市政污泥会导致部分的生态环境受到不可逆的影响,通过焚烧处理可有效缓解所带来的危害。但污泥焚烧炉渣中又存在难以固定的重金属。为有效解决重金属的固定问题,同时制备低成本、环境友好的复合相变储热材料,提出以市政污泥焚烧炉渣作为骨架材料,硝酸钾为相变储热材料,采用冷压-烧结法制备5种不同质量比的污泥焚烧炉渣/硝酸钾复合相变储热材料,并对其宏观形貌、微观形貌、抗压性能、热稳定性、化学相容性、传热储热性能、经济性及CO_(2)排放量进行表征和分析。结果表明,在100~380℃范围内,污泥焚烧炉渣与硝酸钾的最佳质量比为5∶5(样品SC3),储热密度为322.45 J/g,潜热为41.75 J/g,最大热导率为1.04 W/(m·K);抗压强度达到153.78 MPa;两者间具有良好的化学相容性,且在样品SC3中均匀分布;经1000次加热/冷却循环后的样品SC3具有良好的高温热稳定性;储热成本为63.06元/MJ;总CO_(2)排放量为1083.53 kg/t,低于传统骨架材料基复合相变储热材料的总CO_(2)排放量,有较好的环境效益,具有较好的可行性。

自然老化对FOX-7基双元混合物相容性的影响

目的 掌握自然老化如何影响1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烷(FOX-7)基双元混合物的相容性,揭示老化过程对其相容性的潜在影响。方法 采用热分析技术(差示扫描量热法,DSC)和非热分析技术(傅里叶变换红外光谱,FTIR),对老化前后FOX-7基双元混合物的热分解特性和分子结构特征进行评估。利用DSC测得混合物和单质FOX-7的DSC初始分解峰温,对FOX-7与8种含能材料和4种惰性材料的相容性进行评估,再结合FTIR的测试结果辅助说明混合物分子结构的变化。结果 DSC热流曲线显示,除FOX-7/RDX混合物外,其他研究对象在老化前后均展现出良好的相容性。然而,以FOX-7/CL-20为代表的混合物在老化后的最大放热峰温出现明显变化,表明老化对这些混合物的相容性产生了影响。在FTIR光谱分析中观察到的官能团变化进一步表明,FOX-7与RDX、CL-20、AP、HTPB、DOS或WAX等组成的双元体系在老化过程中发生了化学反应。结论 本研究的发现对理解和评估老化过程对FOX-7基双元混合物相容性的影响具有重要意义,可用于指导FOX-7基含能材料长期储存和使用中的安全设计。

俄罗斯液体潜射弹道导弹长期贮存材料工艺技术

对液体潜射弹道导弹长期加注贮存技术的发展进程、最新进展及研究现状进行概述。重点介绍俄罗斯液体潜射弹道导弹的结构设计、材料选取和制造工艺以及出厂加注封装和密封性检测方法,最后指出实现长期加注贮存的技术路径。

二氧化硅改性聚丙烯复合材料的性能研究

中空二氧化硅(SiO_(2))是一种特殊的新型无机化合物,由于其内部的晶体结构,具有一个或者多个空腔,除此之外还具有来源广、低密度、高比表面积和优异的吸附效果,这就决定了其可以用来填充改性高分子材料。选取SiO_(2)通过简单的熔融共混法来填充改性聚丙烯(PP),加入了改性聚丙烯充当相容剂,研究了SiO_(2)的含量对PP复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度和熔体流动速率等影响。结果显示:改性聚丙烯的加入能够起到良好的相容性,适量的SiO_(2)可以提高聚丙烯复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和熔体流动速率,但添加过量会使聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能及熔体流动速率下降。选用无机材料来改性聚合物已成为一种趋势,相信在未来,会有更多的新型复合材料诞生。

关于腹泻型肠易激综合征中药配伍规律研究

目的:探讨现代医家治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征的用药特色。方法:从中国医院知识总库、万方、维普等数据库提取已发表的关于现代医家治疗腹泻型肠易激合征的典型病案,提取方药信息,建立Excel数据库,进行频数、性味、归经的归纳整理,应用IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0进行药物组合以及药物性味关联规则分析,应用SPSS Statistics软件对数据进行聚类分析,进行数据挖掘。结果:71例病案中,共使用中药127味,中药总频数为908,频数≥10的中药有25味,总频数为614;药味方面以甘、辛、苦味药物为主,药性方面以温、平性药物为主,药物归经方面以归脾(胃)经、肺(大肠)经、肝(胆)经的药物为主;药物中性味关系最密切的组合是辛-温,四君子汤与痛泻要方药物为最常选用的方药组合。结论:医家病案多是从脾虚、肝郁两方面入手的,在治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征时多以四君子汤或痛泻要方为基础方剂,组方药物多选择辛温之品,佐以甘苦之类、寒温之性,寒温平调;药物归经方面应从归脾胃经药物入手,兼顾归肝胆经、肺和大肠经药物。

无卤阻燃聚烯烃电缆料及其与阻燃剂相容性的研究进展

随着城市化的进行,电力电缆取代架空线路进行能源输送和分配的需求不断增加,聚烯烃正逐渐成为电力电缆的主要基体材料。聚烯烃属于易燃材料,为了减少电缆引起的火灾事件并考虑到环保要求,在材料中加入无卤阻燃剂是目前提高聚烯烃电缆材料阻燃性能的主要方式。首先归纳了无卤阻燃聚烯烃电缆的基体材料和基料改性方法,其次介绍了无卤阻燃剂的分类和阻燃机理,最后综述了提高基体和无卤阻燃剂相容性的最新研究进展。

茶梗纤维-聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二醇酯复合材料的制备及其性能

为了实现茶剩余物的资源高值化利用,以茶梗纤维(TSF)为原料,用扩链剂4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4'-MDI)对其进行表面改性,将4,4'-MDI改性后的茶梗纤维(MDI-TSF)与聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)共混制备复合材料。4,4'-MDI两端异氰酸酯键(―N=C=O)与TSF表面羟基(―OH)进行反应,减少TSF表面羟基含量并削弱其表面极性,从而减少了TSF与PBAT之间的极性差,环氧大豆油(ESO)加入改善两者之间界面相容性,从而可提高复合材料的机械性能。改性茶梗纤维MDI-TSF的加入可以有效增强复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度以及热稳定性,当PBAT与MDI-TSF质量比80∶20,即MDI-TSF添加量20%,加入10%ESO制得的复合材料PBAT/ESO/20%MDI-TSF综合力学性能最佳,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别为13.014 MPa、10.94 MPa和18.314 kJ/m^(2),与复合材料PBAT/ESO/20%TSF(8.652 MPa,8.32 MPa,14.563 kJ/m^(2))相比,拉伸强度提高了50.4%,弯曲强度提高了31.5%,冲击强度提高了25.8%,热稳定性和结晶度均有提高。

氟雷拉纳咀嚼片原料与辅料相容性研究

考察氟雷拉纳与各辅料的相容性,为氟雷拉纳咀嚼片处方设计提供依据,用影响因素试验对辅料进行筛选,将原料药氟雷拉纳与不同辅料按照一定比例混合,放在60℃、强光(4500±500)lx、相对湿度92.5%和75%条件下,在0 d和10 d分别考察原辅料混合样品的性状、含量及有关物质的变化。结果0 d时氟雷拉纳与明胶和泊洛沙姆188的混合样品中氟雷拉纳的含量低于95%,且与泊洛沙姆188混合样品中杂质增加。10 d时60℃高温条件下,氟雷拉纳与猪肝粉2号、交联羧甲基纤维素钠和丙二醇混合样品中的含量低于95%,杂质含量增加。其中氟雷拉纳与大豆油混合样品颜色发生轻微变化。在光照条件下,氟雷拉纳与各辅料混合样品中含量变化较小,杂质含量增加。在相对湿度92%条件下,氟雷拉纳与明胶、羧甲基纤维素钠、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、猪肝粉1号、猪肝粉2号、猪肝粉3号、泊洛沙姆188、丙二醇和甘油混合样品中含量低于95%,杂质含量增加且伴有性状变化。在相对湿度75%条件下,氟雷拉纳与猪肝粉3号、猪肝粉2号、明胶、羧甲基纤维素钠、交联羧甲基纤维素钠和丙二醇混合样品含量低于95%,杂质含量增加且伴有性状变化。而氟雷拉纳与聚乙二醇3350、玉米淀粉、羧甲基纤维素钠、甘油、猪肝粉1号、猪肝粉3号、大豆油、十二烷基硫酸钠、蔗糖、乳糖、甘露醇、山梨酸钾、苯甲酸钠、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、硬脂酸镁、阿斯巴甜和微粉硅胶相容性好,可作为后续筛选的依据。

添加膨胀石墨的二十二烷-十二醇复合定形相变材料的性能研究

针对于太阳能PV/T系统相变材料热导率低、易泄漏的问题,本工作制备了二十二烷-十二醇/膨胀石墨复合定形相变材料并对其性能进行实验研究。本工作首先按照6∶4的比例制备了二十二烷-十二醇相变材料,然后采用熔融共混法制备了一系列膨胀石墨含量不同的复合定形相变材料。实验借助场发射扫描电子显微镜观察其微观结构,利用热流型差示扫描量热仪、热导率测量仪等仪器测量其潜热、热导率等参数,研究了材料的物理相容性、吸附性、循环稳定性,探究了膨胀石墨和二十二烷-十二醇的最佳配比及其各项性能。结果表明,当膨胀石墨质量分数为15%时,复合定形相变材料性能最佳,此时膨胀石墨足以将相变材料吸附,渗漏率仅为3.85%且无明显渗出,其熔化和凝固相变潜热分别为203.8 kJ/kg和-196.6 kJ/kg;在经过50次冷热循环后,其相变温度及潜热变化较小,热导率基本保持稳定,波动幅度仅为5.9%,质量损失较少,仅为0.0495 g,表现出良好的循环稳定性。研究为后续定形相变材料在太阳能PV/T系统中的应用提供理论数据支撑。