The self-absorption effect is one of the main factors affecting the quantitative analysis accuracy of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.In this paper,the self-absorption effects of laserinduced 7050 Al alloy plasma...The self-absorption effect is one of the main factors affecting the quantitative analysis accuracy of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.In this paper,the self-absorption effects of laserinduced 7050 Al alloy plasma under different pressures in air,Ar,and N2have been studied.Compared with air and N2,Ar significantly enhances the spectral signal.Furthermore,the spectral self-absorption coefficient is calculated to quantify the degree of self-absorption,and the influences of gas species and gas pressure on self-absorption are analyzed.In addition,it is found that the spectral intensity fluctuates with the change of pressure of three gases.It can also be seen that the fluctuation of spectral intensity with pressure is eliminated after correcting,which indicates that the self-absorption leads to the fluctuation of spectral intensity under different pressures.The analysis shows that the evolution of optical thin spectral lines with pressure in different gases is mainly determined by the gas properties and the competition between plasma confinement and Rayleigh–Taylor instability.展开更多
以上海市2家典型城镇污水处理厂Ⅰ和Ⅱ为例,核算近年来因直接排放和间接排放产生的碳排放量。污水厂Ⅰ和Ⅱ的碳排放主要来自于对N污染物的处理,分别占总碳排放的61.36%、46.18%;污水厂Ⅰ电耗产生的碳排放从2015年到2022年翻了一番,污水...以上海市2家典型城镇污水处理厂Ⅰ和Ⅱ为例,核算近年来因直接排放和间接排放产生的碳排放量。污水厂Ⅰ和Ⅱ的碳排放主要来自于对N污染物的处理,分别占总碳排放的61.36%、46.18%;污水厂Ⅰ电耗产生的碳排放从2015年到2022年翻了一番,污水厂Ⅱ电耗产生的碳排放占比达45.20%。2家污水厂单位进水的总排放强度分别为1065.02、1110.26 g CO_(2)eq/m^(3),与国内某些厂相比属较高水平;与IPCC缔约国相比,2座厂人均碳排放强度分别为1.76、1.93 kg CO_(2)eq/人,属较高水平。此研究运用指南进行核算,有助于了解上海污水厂碳排放基本情况,进而细化核算方法、完善排放因子,是减污降碳、实施双控的基础工作。展开更多
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2017YFE0301306,2017YFE0301300,and 2017YFE0301506)Fujian Province Industrial Guidance Project(No.2019H0011).
文摘The self-absorption effect is one of the main factors affecting the quantitative analysis accuracy of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.In this paper,the self-absorption effects of laserinduced 7050 Al alloy plasma under different pressures in air,Ar,and N2have been studied.Compared with air and N2,Ar significantly enhances the spectral signal.Furthermore,the spectral self-absorption coefficient is calculated to quantify the degree of self-absorption,and the influences of gas species and gas pressure on self-absorption are analyzed.In addition,it is found that the spectral intensity fluctuates with the change of pressure of three gases.It can also be seen that the fluctuation of spectral intensity with pressure is eliminated after correcting,which indicates that the self-absorption leads to the fluctuation of spectral intensity under different pressures.The analysis shows that the evolution of optical thin spectral lines with pressure in different gases is mainly determined by the gas properties and the competition between plasma confinement and Rayleigh–Taylor instability.
文摘以上海市2家典型城镇污水处理厂Ⅰ和Ⅱ为例,核算近年来因直接排放和间接排放产生的碳排放量。污水厂Ⅰ和Ⅱ的碳排放主要来自于对N污染物的处理,分别占总碳排放的61.36%、46.18%;污水厂Ⅰ电耗产生的碳排放从2015年到2022年翻了一番,污水厂Ⅱ电耗产生的碳排放占比达45.20%。2家污水厂单位进水的总排放强度分别为1065.02、1110.26 g CO_(2)eq/m^(3),与国内某些厂相比属较高水平;与IPCC缔约国相比,2座厂人均碳排放强度分别为1.76、1.93 kg CO_(2)eq/人,属较高水平。此研究运用指南进行核算,有助于了解上海污水厂碳排放基本情况,进而细化核算方法、完善排放因子,是减污降碳、实施双控的基础工作。