Stability analysis of longwall top-coal caving face in extra-thick coal seams based on an innovative numerical hydraulic support model

The relationship between support and surrounding rock is of great significance to the control of surrounding rock in mining process.In view of the fact that most of the existing numerical simulation methods construct virtual elements and stress servo control to approximately replace the hydraulic support problem,this paper establishes a new numerical model of hydraulic support with the same working characteristics as the actual hydraulic support by integrating numerical simulation software Rhino,Griddle and FLAC3D,which can realize the simulation of different working conditions.Based on this model,the influence mechanism of the supporting strength of hydraulic support on surrounding rock stress regulation and coal stability in front of the top coal caving face in extra thick coal seam were researched.Firstly,under different support intensity,the abutment pressure of the bearing coal and the coal in front of it presents the “three-stage”evolution characteristics.The influence range of support intensity is 15%–30%.Secondly,1.5 MPa is the upper limit of impact that the support strength can have on the front coal failure area.Thirdly,within a displacement range of 2.76 m from the coal wall,a support strength of1.5 MPa provides optimal control of the horizontal displacement of the coal.

基于SEAMS评估的针对性护理干预在老年高血压患者的血压控制及用药依从性的影响

目的:探讨基于用药自我效能量表(SEAMS)评估的针对性护理对老年高血压的应用效果。方法:纳入2021年1月至2023年8月于上饶市人民医院门诊收治的65例老年高血压患者,根据抛掷法分为SEAMS组(基于SEAMS评估的针对性护理)33例、常规组(一般护理)32例,干预3个月。比较两组血压控制、用药依从性、自我管理能力、健康状况。结果:SEAMS组干预后血压值较常规组低(P<0.05),SEAMS组血压控制率高于常规组(P<0.05),SEAMS组高血压患者服药依从性自我效能量表(MASES-R)评分、SEAMS评分、高血压病人自我管理量表评分、自测健康评定量表评分较常规组高(P<0.05)。结论:对老年高血压患者行基于SEAMS评估的针对性护理干预可控制血压水平,提升用药依从性、自我管理能力,改善健康状况。

Theoretical analysis and engineering application of controllable shock wave technology for enhancing coalbed methane in soft and low‑permeability coal seams

Coalbed methane(CBM)is a significant factor in triggering coal and gas outburst disaster,while also serving as a clean fuel.With the increasing depth of mining operations,coal seams that exhibit high levels of gas content and low permeability have become increasingly prevalent.While controllable shockwave(CSW)technology has proven effective in enhancing CBM in laboratory settings,there is a lack of reports on its field applications in soft and low-permeability coal seams.This study establishes the governing equations for stress waves induced by CSW.Laplace numerical inversion was employed to analyse the dynamic response of the coal seam during CSW antireflection.Additionally,quantitative calculations were performed for the crushed zone,fracture zone,and effective CSW influence range,which guided the selection of field test parameters.The results of the field test unveiled a substantial improvement in the gas permeability coefficient,the average rate of pure methane flowrate,and the mean gas flowrate within a 10 m radius of the antireflection borehole.These enhancements were notable,showing increases of 3 times,13.72 times,and 11.48 times,respectively.Furthermore,the field test performed on the CSW antireflection gas extraction hole cluster demonstrated a noticeable improvement in CBM extraction.After antireflection,the maximum peak gas concentration and maximum peak pure methane flow reached 71.2%and 2.59 m^(3)/min,respectively.These findings will offer valuable guidance for the application of CSW antireflection technology in soft and low-permeability coal seams.

融入混合注意力的低缩放因子SeamCarving篡改检测算法

针对现有的Seam Carving篡改检测算法对于低缩放因子情况存在检测精度不高、鲁棒性不强的问题,提出一种融入混合注意力机制的Seam Carving篡改检测算法。首先,利用BayarConv2D约束卷积对图像进行预处理,充分学习图像的噪声特征,并通过矩阵乘法与RGB图像进行特征融合;然后,采用ResNet作为骨干网络进行特征学习,引入残差传播和残差反馈机制,凸显Seam Carving的操作痕迹;最后,利用混合注意力机制同时提取相邻位置和通道之间的特征,更好地捕捉全局特征,进而将其输入全连接层进行分类。实验结果表明,在BOSSbase1.01数据集上,当缩放因子为1%和9%时,检测精度分别达到了89.48%和97.94%,优于现有主流方法,同时具有较低的计算复杂度和较好的鲁棒性,能够抵抗JPEG压缩攻击。

基于动态规划的Seam Carving裁剪算法

随着科技的发展,图像应用和分享越来越普遍。图像尺寸调整在不同设备和屏幕上的显示非常重要。传统的方法只是简单地复制或计算像素值,而不考虑图像内容的重要性。然而,基于动态规划的Seam Carving裁剪算法提出了一种更优化的方法。该算法采用多尺度处理,对不同尺度的图像进行Seam Carving操作,并将处理结果整合起来,以实现更全面、更精细的图像调整。

Insights into carbon dioxide sequestration into coal seams through coupled gas flow-adsorption-deformation modelling

Injecting carbon dioxide(CO_(2))into coal seams may unlock substantial carbon sequestration potential.Since the coal acts like a carbon filter,it can preferentially absorb significant amounts of CO_(2).To explore this further,desorption of the adsorbed gas due to pressure drop is investigated in this paper,to achieve an improved understanding of the long-term fate of injected CO_(2) during post-injection period.This paper presents a dual porosity model coupling gas flow,adsorption and geomechanics for studying coupled processes and effectiveness of CO_(2) sequestration in coals.A new adsorption?desorption model derived based on thermodynamics is incorporated,particularly,the desorption hysteresis is considered.The reliability of the proposed adsorption-desorption isotherm is examined via validation tests.It is indicated that occurrence of desorption hysteresis is attributed to the adsorption-induced pore deformation.After injection ceases,the injected gas continues to propagate further from the injection well,while the pressure in the vicinity of the injection well experiences a significant drop.Although the adsorbed gas near the well also decreases,this decrease is less compared to that in pressure because of desorption hysteresis.The unceasing spread of CO_(2) and drops of pressure and adsorbed gas depend on the degree of desorption hysteresis and heterogeneity of coals,which should be considered when designing CO_(2) sequestration into coal seams.

Astronomical influence of the development of Paleogene thin coal seam groups in offshore Lacustrine basins:A case study of the ZhuⅠDepression's Enping Formation located in the northern South China Sea

The development of the Paleogene coal seams in China's offshore basin areas generally had the characteristics of coal measures with large thicknesses,large numbers of coal seams,thin single coal seams,poor stability,scattered vertical distribution,and a wide distribution range.This study selected the Enping Formation of the ZhuⅠDepression in the northern section of the South China Sea as an example to determine the macro-control factors of the development of the Paleogene coal seam groups.An analysis was carried out on the influencing effects and patterns of the astronomical cycles related to the development of the thin coal seam groups in the region.A floating astronomical time scale of the Enping Formation was established,and the sedimentary time limit of the Enping Formation was determined to be approximately 6.15 Ma±.In addition,the cyclostratigraphy analysis results of the natural gamma-ray data of Well XJ in the Enping Formation of the Xijiang Sag revealed that the development of the thin coal seams had probably been affected by short eccentricity and precession factors.The formation process of coal seams was determined to have been affected by high seasonal contrast,precipitation,and insolation.During the periods with high values of short eccentricity,the seasonal contrasts tended to be high.During those periods,fluctuations in the precession controls resulted in periodic volume changes in precipitation and insolation of the region,resulting in the development of thin coal seams.It was also found that the periods with low precession were the most conducive to coal seam development.On that basis,combined with such factors as sedimentary environmental conditions conducive to the development of thin coal seam groups,this study established a theoretical model of the comprehensive influences of short eccentricity and precession on the development and distribution of Paleogene thin coal seam groups in offshore lacustrine basins.The patterns of the Paleogene astronomical periods and paleoclimate evolution,along with the control factors which impacted the development of thin coal seam groups in offshore lacustrine basins,were revealed.

Research on the mechanism of rockburst induced by mined coal-rock linkage of sharply inclined coal seams

In recent years,the mining depth of steeply inclined coal seams in the Urumqi mining area has gradually increased.Local deformation of mining coal-rock results in frequent rockbursts.This has become a critical issue that affects the safe mining of deep,steeply inclined coal seams.In this work,we adopt a perspective centered on localized deformation in coal-rock mining and systematically combine theoretical analyses and extensive data mining of voluminous microseismic data.We describe a mechanical model for the urgently inclined mining of both the sandwiched rock pillar and the roof,explaining the mechanical response behavior of key disaster-prone zones within the deep working face,affected by the dynamics of deep mining.By exploring the spatial correlation inherent in extensive microseismic data,we delineate the“time-space”response relationship that governs the dynamic failure of coal-rock during the progression of the sharply inclined working face.The results disclose that(1)the distinctive coal-rock occurrence structure characterized by a“sandwiched rock pillar-B6 roof”constitutes the origin of rockburst in the southern mining area of the Wudong Coal Mine,with both elements presenting different degrees of deformation localization with increasing mining depth.(2)As mining depth increases,the bending deformation and energy accumulation within the rock pillar and roof show nonlinear acceleration.The localized deformation of deep,steeply inclined coal-rock engenders the spatial superposition of squeezing and prying effects in both the strike and dip directions,increasing the energy distribution disparity and stress asymmetry of the“sandwiched rock pillar-B3+6 coal seam-B6 roof”configuration.This makes worse the propensity for frequent dynamic disasters in the working face.(3)The developed high-energy distortion zone“inner-outer”control technology effectively reduces high stress concentration and energy distortion in the surrounding rock.After implementation,the average apparent resistivity in the rock pillar and B6 roof substantially increased by 430%and 300%,respectively,thus guaranteeing the safe and efficient development of steeply inclined coal seams.

Fracture propagation and evolution law of indirect fracturing in the roof of broken soft coal seams

Indirect fracturing in the roof of broken soft coal seams has been demonstrated to be a feasible technology.In this work,the No.5 coal seam in the Hancheng block was taken as the research object.Based on the findings of true triaxial hydraulic fracturing experiments and field pilot under this technology and the cohesive element method,a 3D numerical model of indirect fracturing in the roof of broken soft coal seams was established,the fracture morphology propagation and evolution law under different conditions was investigated,and analysis of main controlling factors of fracture parameters was conducted with the combination weight method,which was based on grey incidence,analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method.The results show that“士”-shaped fractures,T-shaped fractures,cross fractures,H-shaped fractures,and“干”-shaped fractures dominated by horizontal fractures were formed.Different parameter combinations can form different fracture morphologies.When the coal seam permeability is lower and the minimum horizontal principal stress difference between layers and fracturing fluid injection rate are both larger,it tends to form“士”-shaped fractures.When the coal seam permeability and minimum horizontal principal stress between layers and perforation position are moderate,cross fractures are easily generated.Different fracture parameters have different main controlling factors.Engineering factors of perforation location,fracturing fluid injection rate and viscosity are the dominant factors of hydraulic fracture shape parameters.This study can provide a reference for the design of indirect fracturing in the roof of broken soft coal seams.

Prediction of rock fragmentation in a fiery seam of an open-pit coal mine in India

Spontaneous combustion of coal increases the temperature in adjoining overburden strata of coal seams and poses a challenge when loading blastholes.This condition,known as hot-hole blasting,is dangerous due to the increased possibility of premature explosions in loaded blastholes.Thus,it is crucial to load the blastholes with an appropriate amount of explosives within a short period to avoid premature detonation caused by high temperatures of blastholes.Additionally,it will help achieve the desired fragment size.This study tried to ascertain the most influencial variables of mean fragment size and their optimum values adopted for blasting in a fiery seam.Data on blast design,rock mass,and fragmentation of 100 blasts in fiery seams of a coal mine were collected and used to develop mean fragmentation prediction models using soft computational techniques.The coefficient of determination(R^(2)),root mean square error(RMSE),mean absolute error(MAE),mean square error(MSE),variance account for(VAF)and coefficient of efficiency in percentage(CE)were calculated to validate the results.It indicates that the random forest algorithm(RFA)outperforms the artificial neural network(ANN),response surface method(RSM),and decision tree(DT).The values of R^(2),RMSE,MAE,MSE,VAF,and CE for RFA are 0.94,0.034,0.027,0.001,93.58,and 93.01,respectively.Multiple parametric sensitivity analyses(MPSAs)of the input variables showed that the Schmidt hammer rebound number and spacing-to-burden ratio are the most influencial variables for the blast fragment size.The analysis was finally used to define the best blast design variables to achieve optimum fragment size from blasting.The optimum factor values for RFA of S/B,ld/B and ls/ld are 1.03,1.85 and 0.7,respectively.

Analysis of the Risk of Water Breakout in the Bottom Plate of High-Intensity Mining of Extra-Thick Coal Seams

In order to clarify the danger of water breakout in the bottom plate of extra-thick coal seam mining, 2202 working face of a mine in the west is taken as the research object, and it is proposed to use the on-site monitoring means combining borehole peeping and microseismic monitoring, combined with the theoretical analysis to analyze the danger of water breakout in the bottom plate. The results show that: 1) the theoretically calculated maximum damage depth of the bottom plate is 27.5 m, and its layer is located above the Austrian ash aquifer, which has the danger of water breakout;2) the drill hole peeping at the bottom plate of the working face shows that the depth of the bottom plate fissure development reaches 26 m, and the integrity of the water barrier layer has been damaged, so there is the risk of water breakout;3) for the microseismic monitoring of the anomalous area, the bottom plate of the return air downstream channel occurs in the field with a one-week lag, which shows that microseismic monitoring events may reflect the water breakout of the underground. This shows that the microseismic monitoring events can reflect the changes of the underground flow field, which can provide a reference basis for the early warning of water breakout. The research results can provide reference for the prediction of sudden water hazard.

改进的Seam Carving瞬时频率估计算法研究

旋转机械升降速阶段微弱振动信号具有潜在性和动态响应的微弱性等特点,因此瞬时频率是限制早期故障诊断发展的关键问题.针对这一问题,该文引入了图像处理领域的Seam Carving(SC)算法,并对SC算法进行改进,结合短时傅里叶变换(Short-Time Fourier Transformation,STFT),提出了STFT-SC瞬时频率估计算法.STFT-SC算法采用STFT对振动信号进行时频分析,然后利用Seam Carving算法中的能量梯度,采用动态规划的思想寻求seam路径,实现了旋转机械振动信号的一阶瞬时频率提取,最后对一阶时频数据进行时域重构,将重构的时域信号和仿真信号进行相关性分析.结果表明,STFT-SC算法对于高噪声、邻近阶比等振动信号都具有非常好的效果.

基于Seam Carving的逐帧优化视频缩放方法

视频缩放是近年来数字图像处理领域的一项热点问题.针对整个视频进行缩放的方法会带来庞大的内存占用与计算量,导致效率低下、实用性较差;而针对视频中的每一帧进行缩放的方法难以维持视频的时空一致性.为此,基于Seam Carving方法,提出一种逐帧优化的视频缩放方法.首先逐帧读入视频,按照梯度求出当前帧的能量图,并使用高速缓存的置换思想调整能量图;然后根据能量图找出缝;最后使用线性插值的方法删除缝,得到目标大小的帧.实验结果表明,该方法不仅能够在所处理的每一帧中保持图像的重要内容,并且可以维持整个视频的时空一致性,保持较好的视觉效果.

SEAM改性沥青流变特性

采用动态剪切流变试验测试了沥青胶浆在原始状态、旋转薄膜老化状态及压力老化状态下的复数模量、相位角、车辙因子、疲劳因子。采用弯曲梁流变试验测试了沥青胶浆的蠕变劲度及蠕变劲度变化率。结果表明,长期老化后,改性剂质量分数为10%的SEAM改性沥青车辙因子显著增强,且疲劳因子满足SHRP沥青胶结料规范。随着改性剂含量的增加,沥青蠕变劲度增加,蠕变劲度变化率降低。综合分析上述各项流变指标可知,SEAM改性剂对沥青流变特性影响显著,适当含量(质量分数为10%)的SEAM改性剂可以有效改善沥青流变效果,而高含量(质量分数为20%以上)的SEAM改性剂会使沥青流变效果降低。

一种改进的Seam Carving图像缩放算法

针对图像非比例缩放时出现的失真,基于Seam Carving算法进行了研究:重新定义了显著能量,以突出图像的重要内容;优化了基于能量图的查找方法,通过减少像素线穿越图像中重要内容的次数,以保护图像重要内容不被扭曲;结合双线性插值以限制抽取像素线的数目,以避免图像内容过度抽取。实验结果表明,改进算法能够更好的保护图像中的重要内容、提高图像缩放的质量,并提升Seam Carving算法的执行效率。

SEAM沥青混合料在寒冷地区应用研究

研究SEAM改性沥青流变特性、SEAM沥青混合料高低温稳定性、水稳定性等路用性能,侧重研究该种混合料在我国低温地区应用的可行性.依据质量替代原则采用SEAM改性剂替换部分沥青制备SEAM改性沥青.采用动态剪切流变试验和弯曲梁流变试验评价SEAM改性沥青的流变特性.采用车辙、低温劈裂、低温弯曲及真空饱水残留稳定度试验评价SEAM沥青混合料的路用性能.结合长春至松原高速公路连接线工程铺筑试验路段,并将AC-13Ⅰ型SEAM沥青路面与常规路段SMA-13沥青路面进行了技术比较.合理替代量的SEAM改性沥青流变特性及混合料路用性能得到明显改善,改性剂替代量增加,混合料低温弯曲破坏应变及残留稳定度降低.SEAM混合料试验路段内路表弯沉、芯样低温条件下的马歇尔稳定度及芯样水稳定性与常规路段SMA路面大致相当.SEAM沥青混合料路用性能优良,由于沥青用量降低所以工程投入减少,应该被推广使用.

基于全局图像结构信息的Seam Carving算法

提出了一种基于全局图像结构信息的Seam Carving算法,它根据像素的重要性修改图像尺寸和比例。通过从图像提取特定方向的边缘结构信息,再利用每个像素的梯度信息,从全局和局部两方面定义新的像素能量计算函数,以此来阻止seam通路与特定方向图像边缘的交叉,避免边缘像素的不一致位移,以此保持图像的边缘结构。实验结果证明,算法减少了处理后图像的结构形变,有效改进了Seam Carving算法的处理效果。

基于JBoss Seam的Web应用程序设计

JBossSeam是一个集JSF、EJB3.0、AJAX和jBPM于一体的新的Web应用程序框架,以EJB3.0为核心,扩展POJO加注释的设计模式到整个Web应用中。本文研究如何建立有效集成EJB3.0和JSF的Web应用和利用jPDL实现页面间导航,以及进行单元测试和集成测试的方法,并给出具体实现思路。

基于JBoss Seam的高速公路路面凝冰预警与智能处置

为抑制冰雪冻雨等气象灾害对高速公路行车安全的影响,提出一种高速公路路面凝冰预警与智能处置方法,开发管控平台软件。给出线性预测算法来进行短时凝冰预警,基于有限状态自动机理论设计全流程的状态转移规则。使用JBoss Seam框架开发管控平台软件,通过上下文组件构建业务逻辑层,采用JSF页面控件实现了表现层。将该软件应用于云南楚大高速九顶山路段进行案例分析,测试结果表明:管控平台软件运行稳定,能够有效控制融雪剂喷洒,预警准确性高,融雪迅速。

Seam Carving和显著性分析的图像缩放方法研究

提出一种基于Seam Carving和显著性分析相结合的图像缩放方法。通过不断移除(插入)缝合线来实现对图像尺寸的缩小(放大)。通过研究Seam Carving在图像缩放及目标保留移除中存在的问题,已有的基于像素点计算图像能量函数的方法会对某些图像失效,提出一种基于显著性区域求解图像能量函数的SDRS方法。实验结果表明,Seam Carving方法对自然图像的处理能够达到令人满意的效果。Seam Carving方法和SDRS方法的结合,也是一个创新点。