Gender stereotyping in the accounting profession in Turkey

Gender stereotypes are descriptive beliefs about how males and females actually differ. Occupational gender stereotyping labels males and females performing an occupation in the context of gender stereotypes. Therefore, occupational gender stereotyping may serve as one of the barriers in women＇s career advancement. Within this framework, this study aims to examine the occupational gender stereotyping in the accounting profession in Turkey. Based on a survey conducted with business students, the perceived gender of the accounting profession is studied. In addition, a visual study is used to define occupational accounting stereotypes. Overall it is found that there is a significant difference between the stereotypes of male and female accountants＇ in Turkey, where the profession is （largely, overwhelmingly） male dominated.

Stereotypes in Genders Construction

The observation of girls and boys study in college for many years elicits there is a key to construct students' gender which affect their study and job choosing after graduation. In order to make teaching more effective and efficient, understanding what constructs genders becomes necessary for designing the curriculum. Some literatures tell that gender stereotypes exist ineradicably in our society. The gender stereotypes construct children's gender through their parents, mass media and their peer groups.The stereotypes believe boys wear blue and girls wear pink; boys always choose astronaut, lawyer, dentist as their job and girls prefer to be a nurse or a teacher. Gender stereotypes occur some negative phenomenon such as sex discrimination, restriction on personality development, and inefficient cooperation between male and female in our society. Educators should show a correct direction to students in their gender construction. There are 4 teaching approaches introduced to educator in the essay to reduce the influence of gender stereotypes on students. They are"access and equity""valuing girls' and boys' skills and experiences""acknowledging differences among girls and boys", and"challenging and critically examining the social structures". Students can understand themselves objectively and clearly, shape their personality positively, and develop their interests appropriately through the approaches in education.

Exploring Gender Stereotypes in American and Mexican Magazine Advertisements

This study analyzed gender stereotypes in American and Mexican magazine advertisements. The researchers conducted a content analysis of four major fashion magazines （i.e., Vogue, Cosmopolitan, People en Espahol, and Vanidades）, using KANG＇s （1997） scales of gender behaviors inspired by Goffman＇s （1979） gender studies. The researcher obtained findings by averaging the overall sum of each country＇s stereotypes by comparing them for any similarities or disparities. The results suggest a similar amount of gender stereotypes across both countries, specifically in the gender categories of ＂feminine touch＂, ＂licensed withdrawal＂, and ＂body display＂. Overall, findings from this study provide further implications for future researchers and marketers. Future researchers should further analyze gender behavior by conducting a longitudinal study of the various types of gender stereotypes at an international level. Additional implications and future research ideas are discussed throughout this research.

The Transmission of Gender Stereotypes in the Educational Process and Its Impact on Girls’Choices of STEM Majors

This study examines the transmission of gender stereotypes in the educational process and their impact on girls’choices of Science,Technology,Engineering,and Mathematics(STEM)majors.Utilizing a mixed-methods approach with a sample of 500 high school students,the research identified a significant negative correlation between the perception of gender stereotypes and intentions to pursue STEM fields,particularly among female students.The study’s findings suggest that educational interventions aimed at challenging gender stereotypes can enhance self-efficacy and encourage more equitable STEM major choices.The importance of female role models and equitable teaching practices in mitigating the impact of gender stereotypes is also highlighted.The paper concludes with recommendations for educational policy makers,schools,teachers,parents,and society to collaboratively address gender biases and support all students in STEM education.

How Gendered Character and Perceived Expertise Trigger the Gender Stereotype in CMC: Take the PUBG Mobile as an Example

To investigate the effects of gendered characters and gaming skills on sex inference and teammate choice in PUBG Mobile,a 2(actual sex:man vs.woman)x2(gaming skill level:high vs.low)x2(gendered character:male character vs.female character)between-subject experiment was conducted(N=248).As hypothesized,the choice of characters was influenced by the participants'level of gaming skills.Those with high gaming skills were more inclined to select characters of the opposite gender,while those with low gaming skills were more likely to choose characters of their own gender.In addition,the effect of gaming skill cues,such as past game records,was more significant than the effect of gendered character cues.Players with high gaming skills were perceived as males,regardless of the gender of their chosen characters,while players with low gaming skills were considered females.Thus,female players with high gaming skills preferred to select male characters to represent themselves,but they did not believe that players with good records could be females.And the consideration of"expertise"influenced the selection of teammates.Findings are discussed in light of the Social Identity model of Deindividuation Effects(SIDE)and the stereotypes-as-explanations account.

Athletes Who Sparkle： Stereotypes in the Televised Coverage of the 2010 Olympic Figure Skating Events

A vast amount of research has been devoted to gender roles in mass media. Prior studies relating to gender roles in media coverage of sports have been typically centered on underrepresentation, negative stereotypical portrayals of female athletes, and iconic heroic portrayals of male athletes. However, few studies have examined media coverage of male participation in so-called ＂gender inappropriate＂ sports. This research seeks to fill a gap in literature by exploring gender cues presented in the televised coverage of male and female figure skating events in the 2010 Winter Olympic Games. The findings from this research indicate that male athletes who cross gender barriers to participate in a feminine sport are likely to receive gender-marked stereotypical televised coverage. Much of the significant findings indicate that male figure skaters were visually and verbally portrayed as more feminine than the female figure skaters. The study opens lines of research into how sports are portrayed and could potentially influence sport marketing, athlete endorsements, athlete wardrobe, and other decisions made by the media, athletes, and individuals working in the sport industry.