Tolerant Mechanism and Chromosome Location of Gene Controlling Sprouting Tolerance in Aegilops Tauschii Cosson

An artificial amphiploid RSP (2n = 42, AABBDD) between tetraploid landrace Ailanmai (Triticum turgidum L., 2n= 28, AABB) and Aegllops tauschii (DD, 2n = 14) expressed high tolerance to preharvest sprouting which derived from Ae. tauschii. Tolerance to preharvest sprouting of RSP was examined by four ways in six varying periods after anthesis. The germination percentages of preharvest intact spikes were only 6.06% in its high peak period of germination. Its tolerance was mainly decided by the seed dormancy. It was showed that the tolerance to sprouting in ' RSP' derived from Ae. tauschii was inherited as a recessive trait which was controlled by one gene, located on chromosome 2D.

Chromosomal Location of the Genes Associated with Photosynthesis of Lophopyrum elongatum (Host) A.Lve in Chinese Spring Background

Researches on the relationship between photosynthesis and wheat yield have equally attracted the attention of both domestic and overseas scholars. No report has existed so far on the study of the effects of exogenous chromosomes on photosynthesis using the substitution series as materials. In this research, Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring-Lophopyrum elongatum （Host） A.Loeve disomic substitution series were used as materials and flag leaves as the measuring position. And the CI-310 Portable Photosynthesis System made by CID Co. in USA was used to measure the net rate of photosynthesis of flag leaves in different developing stages and also to correlate photosynthesis with yield. Results showed that, out of the whole developing stages, at the anthesis stage the line of DS2Ee （2A） had the highest photosynthetic rate, therefore it could be used in improving process of the character of kernel number. The flag leaves of DS4Ee （4A, 4B, 4D） lines demonstrated certain high net photosynthetic rate from heading to grain filling stage, so it is valuable in the researh of promoting the yield index like 1 000-grain weight through improvement of the photosynthetic rate at grain filling stage.

Genetic Analysis and Mapping of Dominant Minute Grain Gene Mi3(t) in Rice

Grain size, determined chiefly by grain length, is one of the main factors affecting the grain yield in rice production. To study the trait of rice grain size, F1 and F2 populations were developed from crosses Shuhui 881/Y34 and Shuhui 527/Y34, and genetic analysis for minute grain was performed. The F1 populations showed minute grains, and grain size segregations in the two F2 populations were both in accordance with the ratio of 3：1, indicating that minute grain in Y34 was controlled by a completely dominant gene. By using the F2 population from Shuhui 881/Y34, this dominant gene, tentatively designated as Mi3（t）, was mapped based on SSR markers in the interval between RM282 （genetic distance of 5.1 cM） and RM6283 （genetic distance of 0.9 cM） on the short arm of chromosome 3.

Genetic Identification of a New Small Grain Dwarf Gene in Rice

The plant material used in the study was rice line 162d, a new small grain dwarf mutant. Polymorphic analysis of 221 SSR loci demonstrated that 162d derived from a semidwarf variety Shuhui 162 through mutation, and 162d and Shuhui 162 were just a pair of near isogenic lines. Genetic analysis of F_1 and F_2 populations suggested that dwarfism in 162d was controlled by a single recessive gene. Phenotypic characteristics of the mutant gene were that plant height was about a quarter of normal height, grain size about a quarter of normal size, leaf was short and broad, and seed setting rate was very low, compared with the near isogenic line Shuhui 162. The mutant gene was sensitive to gibberellin (GA_3) treatment and did not located on the region near the centromere of rice chromosome 5, where dl gene located. Therefore, it was concluded that the mutant gene of 162d was a new small grain dwarf gene in rice.

Chromosome location of semidwarf gene sd-t and sd-n in indica rice

Great achievements have been madein breeding of semidwarf varieties(indica) since 1960s. Resultsshowed that the dwarf traits widelyused .at present were controlled by thesame recessive major gene, sd-1,thus we faced the potential danger oflosing genetic diversity. The low yield

Chromosome location of a gene for aroma in rice

Scented or aromatic rice(Oryza sativa L.)ishighly valued in many areas of the world,Thedevelopment of high yielding scented cultivarshas been limited because of lacking informationon the inheritance of scent such as linkage ofgenes for aroma with other genes.We reporthere our studies on the determination of the

Secure Scheme for Locating Disease-Causing Genes Based on Multi-Key Homomorphic Encryption

Genes have great significance for the prevention and treatment of some diseases.A vital consideration is the need to find a way to locate pathogenic genes by analyzing the genetic data obtained from different medical institutions while protecting the privacy of patients’genetic data.In this paper,we present a secure scheme for locating disease-causing genes based on Multi-Key Homomorphic Encryption(MKHE),which reduces the risk of leaking genetic data.First,we combine MKHE with a frequency-based pathogenic gene location function.The medical institutions use MKHE to encrypt their genetic data.The cloud then homomorphically evaluates specific gene-locating circuits on the encrypted genetic data.Second,whereas most location circuits are designed only for locating monogenic diseases,we propose two location circuits(TH-intersection and Top-q)that can locate the disease-causing genes of polygenic diseases.Third,we construct a directed decryption protocol in which the users involved in the homomorphic evaluation can appoint a target user who can obtain the final decryption result.Our experimental results show that compared to the JWB+17 scheme published in the journal Science,our scheme can be used to diagnose polygenic diseases,and the participants only need to upload their encrypted genetic data once,which reduces the communication traffic by a few hundred-fold.

Determination of n+1 Gamete Transmission Rate of Trisomics and Location of Gene Controlling 2n Gamete Formation in Chinese Cabbage(Brassica rapa)

A set of trisomics of Chinese cabbage was used for determining the n-I-1 gamete transmission rate and locating the gene controlling 2n gamete formation on the corresponding chromosome. The results showed that the transmission rates of extra chromosomes in different trisomics varied from 0% to 15.38% by male gametes and from 0% to 17.39% by female gametes. Of the nine F2 populations derived from the hybridizations between each trisomic and Bp058 （2n gamete material）, only Tri- 4xBp058 showed that the segregation ratio of plants without 2n gamete formation to plants with 2n gamete formation was 10.38：1, which fitted the expected segregation ratio of the trisomics （AAa） based on the 7.37% of n＋l gamete transmission through female and 5.88% through male. In other populations the segregation ratios varied from 2.48：1 to 3.72：1, which fitted the expected 3：1 segregation ratio of the bisomics （Aa）. These results suggested that the gene controlling 2n gamete formation in Chinese cabbage Bp058 was located on chromosome 4. Further trisomic analysis based on the chromosome segregation and the incomplete stochastic chromatid segregation indicated that the gene locus was tightly linked to the centromere.

Gene locations may contribute to predicting gene regulatory relationships

We propose that locations of genes on chromosomes can contribute to the prediction of gene regulatory relationships. We constructed a time-based gene regulatory network of zebrafish cardiogenesis on the basis of a spatio-temporal neighborhood method. Through the network, specific regulatory pathways and order of gene expression during zebrafish cardiogenesis were obtained. By comparing the order with locations of these genes on chromosomes, we discovered that there exists a reversal phenomenon between the order and order of gene locations. The discovery provides an inherent rule to instruct exploration of gene regulatory relationships. Specifically, the discovery can help to predict if regulatory relationships between genes exist and contribute to evaluating the correctness of discovered gene regulatory relationships.