基于SG需求的康养景观设计研究

随着人口老龄化趋势的加剧,康养景观作为一种恢复和改善使用者生理、心理健康的景观环境,备受老年群体关注,但目前针对老年人SG(Slow Go)群体的研究仍然不足。研究介绍了康养景观的定义和特征,以及老年人类型及特征;针对老年人SG群体的特征和需求,探讨了他们在心理和生理上的特点,以及对康养景观的需求;进一步阐述了康养景观与老年人SG群体需求的相关性,包括提供与自然互动的机会、社交机会和体验成就感的机会等;根据老年人SG群体的需求,提出了康养景观设计的要点,包括场地设计、设施设计和活动设计等方面的建议。综合来看,研究深入探讨了老年人SG群体与康养景观之间的关系,为未来相关研究和实践提供了一定的参考。

Resonantly enhanced second-and third-harmonic generation in dielectric nonlinear metasurfaces

Nonlinear dielectric metasurfaces provide a promising approach to control and manipulate frequency conversion optical processes at the nanoscale,thus facilitating both advances in fundamental research and the development of new practical applications in photonics,lasing,and sensing.Here,we employ symmetry-broken metasurfaces made of centrosymmetric amorphous silicon for resonantly enhanced second-and third-order nonlinear optical response.Exploiting the rich physics of optical quasi-bound states in the continuum and guided mode resonances,we comprehensively study through rigorous numerical calculations the relative contribution of surface and bulk effects to second-harmonic generation(SHG)and the bulk contribution to third-harmonic generation(THG) from the meta-atoms.Next,we experimentally achieve optical resonances with high quality factors,which greatly boosts light-matter interaction,resulting in about 550 times SHG enhancement and nearly 5000-fold increase of THG.A good agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental measurements is observed.To gain deeper insights into the physics of the investigated nonlinear optical processes,we further numerically study the relation between nonlinear emission and the structural asymmetry of the metasurface and reveal that the generated harmonic signals arising from linear sharp resonances are highly dependent on the asymmetry of the meta-atoms.Our work suggests a fruitful strategy to enhance the harmonic generation and effectively control different orders of harmonics in all-dielectric metasurfaces,enabling the development of efficient active photonic nanodevices.

CEEMD-SG滤波在固井质量测井资料处理中的应用

目前固井质量评价主要依靠声波变密度测井资料,受双层套管影响,变密度图像有时会因内、外层套管波叠加出现明显的畸变现象,对固井质量的评价产生干扰。为获得真实的变密度图像,剔除“假异常”,将互补集合经验模态分解(CEEMD)和Savitzky-Golay(SG)滤波法联合,提出一种CEEMD-SG滤波方法,并应用于声波变密度测井数据处理。首先使用CEEMD方法对变密度数据进行分解,通过傅里叶变换对原始信号及分解得到的各个固有模态函数(IMF)进行频谱分析,然后选取高频IMF分量使用SG滤波算法进行处理,并将滤波后的高频分量与CEEMD分解得到的低频分量联合重构得到处理后的信号。利用该方法对塔里木油田实际变密度资料进行处理,并与CEEMD、小波阈值去噪、SG滤波三种方法进行对比,结果表明,CEEMD-SG滤波方法能更好地消除双层套管带来的波形叠加干扰,处理后的资料能满足现场验收要求。

In vivo label-free measurement of blood flow velocity symmetry based on dual line scanning third-harmonic generation microscopy excited at the 1700 nm window

Measurement of bloodflow velocity is key to understanding physiology and pathology in vivo.While most measurements are performed at the middle of the blood vessel,little research has been done on characterizing the instantaneous bloodflow velocity distribution.This is mainly due to the lack of measurement technology with high spatial and temporal resolution.Here,we tackle this problem with our recently developed dual-wavelength line-scan third-harmonic generation(THG)imaging technology.Simultaneous acquisition of dual-wavelength THG line-scanning signals enables measurement of bloodflow velocities at two radially symmetric positions in both venules and arterioles in mouse brain in vivo.Our results clearly show that the instantaneous bloodflow velocity is not symmetric under general conditions.

Quantitative effect of kerogen type on the hydrocarbon generation potential of Paleogene lacustrine source rocks,Liaohe Western Depression,China

Kerogen types exert a decisive effect on the onset and capacity of hydrocarbon generation of source rocks.Lacustrine source rocks in the Liaohe Western Depression are characterized by thick deposition,high total organic carbon(TOC)content,various kerogen types,and a wide range of thermal maturity.Consequently,their hydrocarbon generation potential and resource estimation can be misinterpreted.In this study,geochemical tests,numerical analysis,hydrocarbon generation kinetics,and basin modeling were integrated to investigate the differential effects of kerogen types on the hydrocarbon generation potential of lacustrine source rocks.Optimized hydrocarbon generation and expulsion(HGE)models of different kerogen types were established quantitatively upon abundant Rock-Eval/TOC/vitrinite reflectance(R_(o))datasets.Three sets of good-excellent source rocks deposited in the fourth(Es4),third(Es3),and first(Es1)members of Paleogene Shahejie Formation,are predominantly types I-II_(1),II_(1)-II_(2),and II-III,respectively.The activation energy of types I-II_(2)kerogen is concentrated(180-230 kcal/mol),whereas that of type III kerogen is widely distributed(150-280 kcal/mol).The original hydrocarbon generation potentials of types I,II_(1),II_(2),and III kerogens are 790,510,270,and 85 mg/g TOC,respectively.The Ro values of the hydrocarbon generation threshold for type I-III source rocks gradually increase from 0.42%to 0.74%,and Ro values of the hydrocarbon expulsion threshold increase from 0.49%to 0.87%.Types I and II_(1)source rocks are characterized by earlier hydrocarbon generation,more rapid hydrocarbon expulsion,and narrower hydrocarbon generation windows than types II_(2)and III source rocks.The kerogen types also affect the HGE history and resource potential.Three types(conventional,tight,and shale oil/gas)and three levels(realistic,expected,and prospective)of hydrocarbon resources of different members in the Liaohe Western Depression are evaluated.Findings suggest that the Es3 member has considerable conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon resources.This study can quantitatively characterize the hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks with different kerogen types,and facilitate a quick and accurate assessment of hydrocarbon resources,providing strategies for future oil and gas exploration.

平沙绿僵菌SG-A两种培养基比较及其对瓜绢螟的致病活力

为比较平沙绿僵菌SG-A在两种培养基上的生物学特性及对瓜绢螟不同虫态的致病力,室内测定了平沙绿僵菌SG-A在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基(PDA)和萨氏培养基(SDAY)上培养14 d后的菌落大小、产孢量及孢子萌发率等指标,并采用浸虫法测定了对瓜绢螟不同虫态的致病力。结果表明,平沙绿僵菌SG-A在PDA培养基中培养14 d后的产孢量显著高于SDAY培养基,菌落大小和孢子萌发率差异不显著。平沙绿僵菌SG-A对瓜绢螟2龄、4龄幼虫和蛹均存在较高的致病力,孢子浓度越大,致病力越高,其中对蛹的致病力最高,LC_(50)为1.93×10^(5)个·mL^(-1),当孢子浓度为1×10^(8)个·mL^(-1)时,处理8 d蛹的累积死亡率为90%,2龄和4龄幼虫的累积死亡率也分别达到86.67%和83.33%,但4龄幼虫出现死亡的时间要早于蛹和2龄若虫,LT_(50)为2.60 d。综上所述,平沙绿僵菌SG-A对瓜绢螟各虫态均具有较高的致病力,可进一步挖掘其生防潜力。

Multi-objective optimization and evaluation of supercritical CO_(2) Brayton cycle for nuclear power generation

The supercritical CO_(2) Brayton cycle is considered a promising energy conversion system for Generation IV reactors for its simple layout,compact structure,and high cycle efficiency.Mathematical models of four Brayton cycle layouts are developed in this study for different reactors to reduce the cost and increase the thermohydraulic performance of nuclear power generation to promote the commercialization of nuclear energy.Parametric analysis,multi-objective optimizations,and four decision-making methods are applied to obtain each Brayton scheme’s optimal thermohydraulic and economic indexes.Results show that for the same design thermal power scale of reactors,the higher the core’s exit temperature,the better the Brayton cycle’s thermo-economic performance.Among the four-cycle layouts,the recompression cycle(RC)has the best overall performance,followed by the simple recuperation cycle(SR)and the intercooling cycle(IC),and the worst is the reheating cycle(RH).However,RH has the lowest total cost of investment(C_(tot))of$1619.85 million,and IC has the lowest levelized cost of energy(LCOE)of 0.012$/(kWh).The nuclear Brayton cycle system’s overall performance has been improved due to optimization.The performance of the molten salt reactor combined with the intercooling cycle(MSR-IC)scheme has the greatest improvement,with the net output power(W_(net)),thermal efficiencyη_(t),and exergy efficiency(η_(e))improved by 8.58%,8.58%,and 11.21%,respectively.The performance of the lead-cooled fast reactor combined with the simple recuperation cycle scheme was optimized to increase C_(tot) by 27.78%.In comparison,the internal rate of return(IRR)increased by only 7.8%,which is not friendly to investors with limited funds.For the nuclear Brayton cycle,the molten salt reactor combined with the recompression cycle scheme should receive priority,and the gas-cooled fast reactor combined with the reheating cycle scheme should be considered carefully.

基于SGS模型的茶盘造型设计研究

为进一步拓展产品设计路径,基于管理学中的SGS(门径管理系统,Stage-Gate-System的简称)模型开发产品设计流程,面向用户需求展开SGS模型在产品设计中的应用。以茶盘造型的概念设计为例,结合SGS模型的产品开发方法,优化设计程序,从而解决茶具设计的适用性、美观性及安全性等问题,最终,通过导入SGS模型,提高了茶具设计的用户评价度,为同类产品的造型设计提供参考。

基于SG-I6000 2.0+CMBD的电力智能运维系统设计与实现

为促使电网公司运维工作规范化、便捷化,提高电网运维效率,在原有SG-I6000 2.0系统架构基础上,融入配置管理数据库(CMBD),构建基于SG-I6000 2.0+CMBD的电力智能运维系统。该系统自上而下分为应用层、中台服务层和运维感知层,相比原系统新增了资源配置、流程服务、健康履历、自动审计、业务流微应用、构建自主流程微应用、资源全过程管理等。并发测试结果表明,新系统最大可承受1000个并发用户同时使用的需求。压力测试结果表明,在最大500个用户数量同时操作情况下,平均事务响应时间仅为40.8 s,相比原系统降低了63%,运维效率得到显著提升。

Harnessing overlapped temperature-salinity gradient in solar-driven interfacial seawater evaporation for efficient steam and electricity generation

Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation(SIWE)offers a superb way to leverage concentrated solar heat to minimize energy dissipation during seawater desalination.It also engenders overlapped temperaturesalinity gradient(TSG)between water-air interface and adjacent seawater,affording opportunities of harnessing electricity.However,the efficiency of conventional SIWE technologies is limited by significant challenges,including salt passivation to hinder evaporation and difficulties in exploiting overlapped TSG simultaneously.Herein,we report self-sustaining hybrid SIWE for not only sustainable seawater desalination but also efficient electricity generation from TSG.It enables spontaneous circulation of salt flux upon seawater evaporation,inducing a self-cleaning evaporative interface without salt passivation for stable steam generation.Meanwhile,this design enables spatial separation and simultaneous utilization of overlapped TSG to enhance electricity generation.These benefits render a remarkable efficiency of90.8%in solar energy utilization,manifesting in co-generation of solar steam at a fast rate of 2.01 kg m^(-2)-h^(-1)and electricity power of 1.91 W m^(-2)with high voltage.Directly interfacing the hybrid SIWE with seawater electrolyzer constructs a system for water-electricity-hydrogen co-generation without external electricity supply.It produces hydrogen at a rapid rate of 1.29 L h^(-1)m^(-2)and freshwater with 22 times lower Na+concentration than the World Health Organization(WHO)threshold.

ESG表现对企业价值的影响——基于国内上市企业的经验证据

随着“双碳”战略的提出和可持续发展理念不断深入人心,高质量发展已成为我国新的发展目标。在企业层面,ESG表现不仅是企业责任的体现,更成为了衡量企业长期价值和可持续发展潜力的重要指标。基于此背景,以2010-2022年沪深A股上市企业为样本,实证研究ESG表现对企业价值的影响,以及技术创新水平在其中的中介作用,并进一步分析产权性质、会计信息披露质量在ESG表现对企业价值的影响机制中所具有的调节作用。研究结果表明:良好的ESG表现可以显著提升企业价值,且技术创新在二者之间存在部分中介效应;良好的ESG表现对企业价值的提升作用在非国有企业和会计信息披露质量合格的企业中更加显著。因此,政府可以通过相应的政策奖励激励企业提升ESG表现,以增强ESG表现的价值效应;企业应加强技术创新,走可持续发展之路,通过引进先进环保技术,整合绿色供应链,响应国家“双碳”目标,提升ESG表现;投资者应基于长期视角,优化ESG评估框架,优先投资ESG表现良好和技术创新突出的企业,助力实现资本市场良性循环。

新型纳米碳材SG6在耐热输送带覆盖胶中的应用研究

本课题研究了新型纳米碳材SG6在耐热输送带覆盖胶中的应用,通过对配方中的N660炭黑进行逐量替代,考察了SG6对胶料的硫化特性、物理机械性能、耐磨性能、动态力学性能、导热性能和导电性能的影响。结果表明,SG6从0份逐渐替代到24份,混炼胶的扭矩差值略微减小,t_(10)及t_(90)基本保持不变,门尼黏度略有降低;硫化胶硬度降低,拉伸强度,拉断伸长率以及定伸应力有所改善;同时可使耐热输送带覆盖胶动态生热有所降低,导热系数增大,表面电阻值明显降低,有效改善输送带覆盖胶产品的质量。

塔式光热机组 SGS 跳闸控制逻辑调试方法优化改进

为了减少换热器在蒸汽发生系统(SGS)在启动/停止的过程中产生的热应力,防止SGS跳闸后公用熔盐管路发生串盐现象,提高调试质量,通过增加SGS换热器熔盐侧温度变化率高触发SGS跳闸保护,SGS中任意一列SGS跳闸且触发疏盐条件,另一列同时触发疏盐条件。优化SGS疏盐自动控制逻辑、调试方法,可确保塔式光热机组SGS跳闸后设备动作顺序正确可靠,减少SGS跳闸后系统恢复时间,降低SGS熔盐冻结的风险。

Identifying multidisciplinary problems from scientific publications based on a text generation method

Purpose:A text generation based multidisciplinary problem identification method is proposed,which does not rely on a large amount of data annotation.Design/methodology/approach:The proposed method first identifies the research objective types and disciplinary labels of papers using a text classification technique;second,it generates abstractive titles for each paper based on abstract and research objective types using a generative pre-trained language model;third,it extracts problem phrases from generated titles according to regular expression rules;fourth,it creates problem relation networks and identifies the same problems by exploiting a weighted community detection algorithm;finally,it identifies multidisciplinary problems based on the disciplinary labels of papers.Findings:Experiments in the“Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality”field show that the proposed method can effectively identify multidisciplinary research problems.The disciplinary distribution of the identified problems is consistent with our understanding of multidisciplinary collaboration in the field.Research limitations:It is necessary to use the proposed method in other multidisciplinary fields to validate its effectiveness.Practical implications:Multidisciplinary problem identification helps to gather multidisciplinary forces to solve complex real-world problems for the governments,fund valuable multidisciplinary problems for research management authorities,and borrow ideas from other disciplines for researchers.Originality/value:This approach proposes a novel multidisciplinary problem identification method based on text generation,which identifies multidisciplinary problems based on generative abstractive titles of papers without data annotation required by standard sequence labeling techniques.

The application of cellulosic-based materials on interfacial solar steam generation for highly efficient wastewater purification: A review

The world's population is growing,leading to an increasing demand for freshwater resources for drinking,sanitation,agriculture,and industry.Interfacial solar steam generation(ISSG)can solve many problems,such as mitigating the power crisis,minimizing water pollution,and improving the purification and desalination of seawater,rivers/lakes,and wastewater.Cellulosic materials are a viable and ecologically sound technique for capturing solar energy that is adaptable to a range of applications.This review paper aims to provide an overview of current advancements in the field of cellulose-based materials ISSG devices,specifically focusing on their applications in water purification and desalination.This paper examines the cellulose-based materials ISSG system and evaluates the effectiveness of various cellulosic materials,such as cellulose nanofibers derived from different sources,carbonized wood materials,and two-dimensional(2D)and 3D cellulosic-based materials from various sources,as well as advanced cellulosic materials,including bacterial cellulose and cellulose membranes obtained from agricultural and industrial cellulose wastes.The focus is on exploring the potential applications of these materials in ISSG devices for water desalination,purification,and treatment.The function,advantages,and disadvantages of cellulosic materials in the performance of ISSG devices were also deliberated throughout our discussion.In addition,the potential and suggested methods for enhancing the utilization of cellulose-based materials in the field of ISSG systems for water desalination,purification,and treatment were also emphasized.

A Railway Fastener Inspection Method Based on Abnormal Sample Generation

Regular fastener detection is necessary to ensure the safety of railways.However,the number of abnormal fasteners is significantly lower than the number of normal fasteners in real railways.Existing supervised inspectionmethods have insufficient detection ability in cases of imbalanced samples.To solve this problem,we propose an approach based on deep convolutional neural networks(DCNNs),which consists of three stages:fastener localization,abnormal fastener sample generation based on saliency detection,and fastener state inspection.First,a lightweight YOLOv5s is designed to achieve fast and precise localization of fastener regions.Then,the foreground clip region of a fastener image is extracted by the designed fastener saliency detection network(F-SDNet),combined with data augmentation to generate a large number of abnormal fastener samples and balance the number of abnormal and normal samples.Finally,a fastener inspection model called Fastener ResNet-8 is constructed by being trained with the augmented fastener dataset.Results show the effectiveness of our proposed method in solving the problem of sample imbalance in fastener detection.Qualitative and quantitative comparisons show that the proposed F-SDNet outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in clip region extraction,reaching MAE and max F-measure of 0.0215 and 0.9635,respectively.In addition,the FPS of the fastener state inspection model reached 86.2,and the average accuracy reached 98.7%on 614 augmented fastener test sets and 99.9%on 7505 real fastener datasets.

水稻散生突变体sg518的鉴定及基因定位

[目的]分蘖角作为水稻株型的重要组成部分,其遗传基础复杂,需鉴定更多与分蘖角相关的突变体和基因以进一步解析水稻分蘖角的分子调控机制。[方法]通过对贵州地方粳稻品种桥港珍珠米进行60Co辐射诱变后成功获得一份水稻散生突变体,暂命名为sg518(spreading-grown mutant 518),并对其进行表型鉴定、遗传分析、基因定位和候选基因测序验证。[结果](1)田间性状显示,与野生型相比,突变体sg518表现出分蘖角显著增大的散生表型,并伴有一次枝梗数增加、每穗实粒数增加、籽粒变小和千粒重降低;(2)遗传分析表明,该突变体的散生性状受一对隐性核基因控制;(3)精细定位结果显示,目标基因定位于11号染色体长臂RM287与J1标记之间的88.7 kb内;(4)MutMap分析表明,在此区间有1个SNP频率为1的InDel突变且位于LAZY1基因上;(5)对目标基因的PCR扩增与测序结果表明,突变体的LAZY1基因在第3外显子上有1处1 bp的碱基缺失,导致蛋白翻译提前终止,由此推断LAZY1基因为突变体sg518的候选基因。[结论]sg518为LAZY1基因的一个新等位突变体,可进一步为研究该基因功能及水稻分蘖角的调控机制提供理论基础。

Enhanced picosecond terahertz wave generation based on cascade effects in a terahertz parametric generator

Enhanced terahertz wave generation via a Stokes cascade process has been demonstrated using picosecond pulse pumped terahertz parametric generation at 1 kHz repetition rate.Clear cascade saturation of terahertz output was observed,and the corresponding cascade-Stokes spectra were analyzed.The maximum terahertz wave average power was 22μW under a pump power of 30 W,whereas the maximum power conversion efficiency was 8×10^(-7)under a pump power of 21 W.The THz power fluctuation was measured to be about 1%in 20 min.This THz parametric source with a relatively stable output is suitable for a variety of practical applications.

Efficient C-N coupling in electrocatalytic urea generation on copper carbonate hydroxide electrocatalysts

Urea generation through electrochemical CO_(2) and NO_(3)~-co-reduction reaction(CO_(2)NO_(3)RR)is still limited by either the low selectivity or yield rate of urea.Herein,we report copper carbonate hydroxide(Cu_2(OH)_2CO_(3))as an efficient CO_(2)NO_(3)RR electrocatalyst with an impressive urea Faradaic efficiency of45.2%±2.1%and a high yield rate of 1564.5±145.2μg h~(-1)mg_(cat)~(-1).More importantly,H_(2) evolution is fully inhibited on this electrocatalyst over a wide potential range between-0.3 and-0.8 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode.Our thermodynamic simulation reveals that the first C-N coupling follows a unique pathway on Cu_2(OH)_2CO_(3) by combining the two intermediates,~*COOH and~*NHO.This work demonstrates that high selectivity and yield rate of urea can be simultaneously achieved on simple Cu-based electrocatalysts in CO_(2)NO_(3)RR,and provide guidance for rational design of more advanced catalysts.

基于巨型住肉孢子虫SPFH-SG蛋白ELISA方法的建立

本试验以藏绵羊食道肌巨型住肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis gigantea)SPFH-SG蛋白为研究对象,通过基因克隆及蛋白表达,建立了一种特异性、重复性均良好的间接ELISA检测方法,为藏羊住肉孢子虫病的批量临床检测提供技术方案。