A dual-RPA based lateral flow strip for sensitive,on-site detection of CP4-EPSPS and Cry1Ab/Ac genes in genetically modified crops

Traditional transgenic detection methods require high test conditions and struggle to be both sensitive and efficient.In this study,a one-tube dual recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)reaction system for CP4-EPSPS and Cry1Ab/Ac was proposed and combined with a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay,named“Dual-RPA-LFD”,to visualize the dual detection of genetically modified(GM)crops.In which,the herbicide tolerance gene CP4-EPSPS and the insect resistance gene Cry1Ab/Ac were selected as targets taking into account the current status of the most widespread application of insect resistance and herbicide tolerance traits and their stacked traits.Gradient diluted plasmids,transgenic standards,and actual samples were used as templates to conduct sensitivity,specificity,and practicality assays,respectively.The constructed method achieved the visual detection of plasmid at levels as low as 100 copies,demonstrating its high sensitivity.In addition,good applicability to transgenic samples was observed,with no cross-interference between two test lines and no influence from other genes.In conclusion,this strategy achieved the expected purpose of simultaneous detection of the two popular targets in GM crops within 20 min at 37°C in a rapid,equipmentfree field manner,providing a new alternative for rapid screening for transgenic assays in the field.

Trends in the global commercialization of genetically modified crops in 2023

The commercialization of genetically modified(GM)crops has increased food production,improved crop quality,reduced pesticide use,promoted changes in agricultural production methods,and become an important new production strategy for dealing with insect pests and weeds while reducing the cultivated land area.This article provides a comprehensive examination of the global distribution of GM crops in 2023.It discusses the internal factors that are driving their adoption,such as the increasing number of GM crops and the growing variety of commodities.This article also provides information support and application guidance for the new developments in global agricultural science and technology.

Research Progress of Agricultural Genetically Modified Crop Safety Evaluation

The commercial cultivation of genetically modified(GM)crops has eased the global food crisis and brought considerable economic and social benefits to countries.Because of the potential safety problems,it is necessary to make clear the molecular genetic characteristics,edible safety,planting,processing,and other aspects of the safety evaluation of GM crops.The safety problems existing in the cultivation of GM crops,safety evaluation and detection of GM crops were introduced in this paper,which provided the basis for safety evaluation and effective supervision of GM crops and their products.Commercial cultivation and reasonable supervision based on safety evaluation have far-reaching significance for ensuring consumer safety,enhancing the credibility of the national political system and enhancing citizens'confidence in the safety of GM crop products for consumption.

Georgian Farmers＇ Attitudes Towards Genetically Modified Crops

Although, genetically engineered products （GM） have to be a broadly debated topic in different countries, there has been much less attention devoted to farmers＇ attitudes towards GM crops. This paper attempts to research farmers＇ insights on GM crops in Georgia through February-March 2014. An in-depth survey of 611 farmers revealed that respondents lack sufficient knowledge about genetic engineering. They tend to have a negative attitude towards GM crops and are strongly against of import and adoption of GM seeds. An empirical examination based on analysis of variance and Pearson＇s correlation coefficient verified that both education and age were significant determinants of awareness of farmers about genetically engineered crops, while income used to have no significant influence on the farmers＇ decision to adopt GM crops. In addition, relationship between awareness about genetic engineering and farmers＇ decision to adopt GM crops has to be insignificant, as well.

Genetically modified crops and climate change linkages: An Indian perspective

Genetically Modified Crops (GMCs) and Climate Change (CC) are the two most contentious ecological issues the world faces today. Application of transgenics in agriculture is most debated because of its direct and indirect implications. The advertized benefits in the backdrop of the potentially harmful effects on health and environment make this an issue of greater concern. On the other hand, Climate Change is a problem of enormous scale and its after-effects even more grave. The impact of climate change on agriculture, though well researched, is still very uncertain. Further, the introduction and global embrace of a technology with unverified credentials may prove to be an ill-conceived and ill-timed act. The future of GMC technology in India will be both challenging as well as exciting. Therefore any decision on this front should be taken with scientific rigor and logic. Our aim is to explore this complex inter-relationship and provide impetus for further research.

Genetically Modified Doubts Imported GM soybeans impact China’s local farmers and create food safety concerns

The cooking oil made from the imported soybeans does not contain transgenic proteins. So there will be no food safety threat.

Genetically-Modified Organisms in United States Agriculture: Mandate for Food Labeling

The production of foods with genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has risen rapidly over the past three decades to comprise nearly 90% of crops grown in the United States today. Currently, there are no mandates for labeling foods containing GMOs. GMO agricultural crops contain the insertion of genes encoding for pesticides, pesticide resistance, growth factors, or other substances not normally present. In addition to the foreign genes that are inserted, hundreds to thousands of mutations disrupt normal genes in GMO plants. Recently, animal studies have demonstrated toxicity of GMO foods causing organ failure, infertility, carcinomas and death. The FDA requirement of ingredients added to foods be labeled on the product is not applied to GMO foods, precluding the consumer’s right to know. GMOs provide an economic incentive to companies because the seeds can be patented, driving up costs and creating the potential for monopolies. Herbicide-resistance conferred by GMOs has resulted in higher pesticide applications, which correlate with higher human cancer rates, and the emergence of pesticide-resistant weeds and insects. GMO toxins are spreading into to non-target insects, waterways and aquatic organisms, with toxicity to non-target organisms and resultant contamination of disparate ecosystems in the food chain. The appropriateness of mandatory GMO labeling of foods in the United States is discussed.

Advances in the Identification of Genetically Modified Rice with Real-time PCR and Multiplex PCR

In recent years, food security and safety have attracted increasing attention due to the worldwide research and development of genetically modified （GM） rice, and the controversy over the commercialization of GM rice. And the identification of GM rice is of great significance. Therefore, in the present study, the po- tential problems in the identification of GM rice with PCR were analyzed both at a technical level and from a theoretical perspective. In addition, PCR detection on the transgenic elements： promoter, terminator, internal reference gene and target gene was discussed, respectively. The possible solutions were proposed based on the principles of plant virology and genetic engineering.

Genetic Engineering of Field, Industrial and Pharmaceutical Crops

Ability to modify plants at the genomic level by advanced molecular technology has enhanced the scope of improvements in plant traits attempted earlier through conventional breeding methods. Techniques such as genetic transformation have opened new vistas whereby functional genes, not commonly present in a particular species can be added from other species. The traits incorporated into the genetically engineered plants in the beginning were confined to those governed by dominant genes, e.g. insecticide resistance and herbicide tolerance but advancements with time now also permit the transfer of complexly inherited traits such as drought and cold tolerance. Transgenic technology is also useful in understanding gene expression and metabolic pathways which can then be used to harness the full genomic potential of the plant. This review presents a narrative on development of transgenics and their use for the improvement of field, industrial and pharmaceuticals crops. In addition, discussions are made on current status on genetically modified crops, hurdles to genetic engineering, overcoming strategies and future scope.

A Broad Spectrum Identification Approach for Two Generations of epsps GM Soybeans

In order to accurately identify the first and second generations of epsps genetically modified(GM) soybeans and related products,a broad spectrum identification approach was established using the real time Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR) principle according to the homology of epsps genes of the first and second generations of GM soybeans.A pair of primer and probe was designed to simultaneously identify exogenous gene epsps of two generations of GM soybeans.Besides,evaluation was carried out on this approach from the accuracy,specificity,sensitivity and reproducibility.The experimental results indicated that(ⅰ) although there is certain difference in epsps gene sequence between the first and second generations of epsps genetically modified(GM) soybeans,the established approach can simultaneously detect the epsps genes of the bean curd using two generations of soybean as raw materials;(ⅱ) in the accuracy and specificity experiment,only cp4-epsps genes of two generations of GM soybeans were detected,so this approach has high specificity and accuracy;(ⅲ) in the experiment of 5 copies of epsps genes of 40 repeated identification reaction systems,5 copies of epsps genes can be detected each time,therefore at 100% confidence level,this approach can identify 5 copies of epsps genes,showing that this approach has high sensitivity and reproducibility.

苏云金芽胞杆菌防治草地贪夜蛾的研究和应用进展

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda是世界性的重大农业害虫,至今已在全世界126个国家和地区传播,对玉米等多种主要粮食和经济作物造成严重为害。草地贪夜蛾于2019年1月入侵我国,并迅速扩散至26个省(市/自治区)。2022年草地贪夜蛾发生面积超过3500万公顷。苏云金芽胞杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,简称Bt)是一种用于防治农业害虫的革兰氏阳性细菌,具有对害虫高效专一、环境友好、人畜安全等特点。Bt主要依靠其产生的杀虫蛋白发挥杀虫作用。如今,国际上主要依靠转Bt杀虫基因的抗虫作物以及Bt微生物农药对草地贪夜蛾进行绿色防治。我国目前已开发出Bt天然菌株、基因工程菌株和转基因抗虫作物等多种高效Bt产品用于草地贪夜蛾绿色防治。本文将对国内外Bt防治草地贪夜蛾的最新研究进展进行介绍。

外源基因在转基因植物中的遗传稳定性及其转育研究进展

利用基因工程方法获得的转基因植物是一种人工创造的新种质。外源基因在无性培养阶段和有性阶段的稳定性,直接影响着转基因植物的利用。外源基因拷贝数、整合位点、位置效应、外源基因丢失、甲基化、共抑制等均影响其在转基因植物中的稳定性;同时也影响外源基因在转育材料中的表现;最后简单讨论了外源基因鉴定方法的优缺点。

中国转基因水稻的研究进展及产业化问题分析

水稻在我国粮食生产和消费中占有重要地位,也是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一。水稻转基因研究已成为当前国内外植物分子生物学和作物育种研究的热点。目前我国转基因水稻研究处于国际领先水平,有望成为转基因抗虫棉之后又一个进入产业化的转基因粮食作物,这可能将在确保我国粮食安全中发挥重要贡献。从国内外转基因水稻研发概况、我国Bt抗虫水稻生物安全评价两方面综述了我国转基因水稻产业化的前景,并在此基础上对产业化提出相关建议与对策。

全球转基因大豆发展概况

自1996年以来,全球转基因大豆得到迅速发展。从1996年至2004年,转基因大豆的种植面积从50万hm 2增至4840万hm 2,增长了约96倍;转基因大豆种植率从0.8%升至52.6%,增长了约63倍;转基因大豆分布国家从2个增至9个。在2004年,转基因大豆主产国依次是美国、阿根廷、巴西和巴拉圭。转基因大豆是全球最重要的转基因作物。虽然转基因大豆安全性存在很大争论,但是,全球转基因大豆预计仍将得到进一步发展,而中国仍将禁止商业化种植转基因大豆。

转抗菌肽基因辣椒蛋白质检测技术研究

以转抗菌肽BD基因辣椒为材料 ,研究建立转基因食品中外源目的蛋白的检测技术 ,并建立对其忠实表达状况和安全性进行评价的模式。以柞蚕蛹免疫血淋巴作为标准 ,对照检测转抗菌肽辣椒目的蛋白表达的忠实性 ,采用针对转基因食品技术特点而预先设计的技术路线进行分析检测。研究和检测步骤为 :目的蛋白经粗提 ,达到初步纯化。再用两次CM Sepharose FF离子交换柱层析进行中度纯化。纯化产物通过测定抗菌活性、电泳及生物自显影、质谱进行鉴定。系统的检测结果表明 ,以抗菌肽目的基因构建的重组体在导入辣椒后 ,所表达的外源目的蛋白与对照标准蛋白的理化性质、抗菌活性、分子量一致 ,说明在该转基因辣椒中抗菌肽目的基因的表达是忠实的 ,与期望值相符。本研究建立了目的蛋白抗菌肽D的分离纯化及鉴定技术 ,建立了转基因辣椒外源目的蛋白的鉴定方法。

转基因作物外源转基因成分环介导等温扩增技术检测方法的建立及应用

【目的】建立转基因作物外源转基因成分环介导等温扩增技术检测方法。【方法】以转基因作物中常用的花椰菜花叶病毒35S启动子(CaMV35S)为主要研究对象,利用环介导等温扩增技术(loop-mediatedisothermal amplification,LAMP),针对CaMV35S基因的6个区域设计4种特异引物,利用1种链置换DNA聚合酶(Bst DNA polymerase)在65℃保温1h,通过荧光显色即可完成对转基因作物鉴定工作。同时对7种转基因作物进行LAMP检测。【结果】该LAMP方法通过特异性检测含有CaMV35S启动子的转基因作物,其检测结果的特异性与常规PCR方法结果一致,灵敏度是常规PCR的10倍。【结论】转基因作物LAMP检测方法具有高度的特异性及稳定性,结果可靠,非常适合转基因作物的快速检测,有较好的应用价值。

转基因作物及产品检测技术研究进展

随着转基因技术的迅猛发展,转基因作物及其产品的安全性问题受到广泛关注,世界各国纷纷加大了对转基因生物及其产品的管理力度。转基因检测是转基因安全管理的技术保障,本文就国内外转基因作物及产品的检测技术进行了综述,重点介绍了目前使用较广泛的PCR、ELISA等转基因检测技术的原理和特点,提出了今后转基因检测技术的发展趋势和研究方向。

转基因作物及其生物安全性

随着基因工程技术日益完善,转基因作物的种类和耕种面积迅速增长,但其潜在的问题也日益突出和明显。文章对转基因作物的研究和应用概况以及安全性进行了简要综述。

用BDI-GS体系综合评价进口转基因大豆的功效与安全

以低营养玉米饲料建立动物模型,通过已建立的食品BDI-GS评价新体系对进口抗草苷膦(RR)转基因(GM)大豆的功效安全进行评价。以处于生长期健康的ICR小鼠为研究对象,以单纯玉米饲料喂食小鼠作空白对照组,15%天然大豆及15%转基因大豆制成玉米掺和饲料为受试物实验组,通过13 d喂养,取得小鼠体重、9项脏器组织重量、系数及其BDI和GS等指标,并进行血清生化分析测试作为辅助评价指标。结果显示抗草苷膦转基因大豆喂养条件下,小鼠部分指标的BDI及累计GS明显降低;脏器指标主要表现在胸腺、胰腺和性腺的营养和健康效应上存在显著差异。表明进口GM大豆的营养价值及健康效应方面均明显不如国产天然大豆,存在一定的免疫及内分泌低下等健康隐患。

转基因植物中外源基因及其表达产物转移的途径

随着转基因植物商品化应用的增多 ,全面了解转基因植物潜在的生态风险性尤为重要。国内外对“转基因植物中外源基因向野生亲缘物种漂移的可能性”、“昆虫对抗虫转基因植物的耐受性”以及“转基因植物对生物多样性的潜在影响”等问题已进行了广泛研究。对转基因植物中外源基因及其表达产物的几种可能转移途径作了概述。着重介绍了“经花粉散布或与野生亲缘物种杂交等途径引起的外源基因转移”以及“转基因植物对土壤生态系统的影响”等方面的研究情况。此外 ,还对“鉴定外源基因及其表达产物存在的方法”进行了简要探讨。