旨在分析子午岭黑山羊的群体遗传多样性和亲缘关系以及家系结构,为子午岭黑山羊的保护和利用提供依据。本研究通过简化基因组测序(super-genotyping by sequencing,Super-GBS)技术对99只(10公/89母)成年子午岭黑山羊进行全基因组SNP检...旨在分析子午岭黑山羊的群体遗传多样性和亲缘关系以及家系结构,为子午岭黑山羊的保护和利用提供依据。本研究通过简化基因组测序(super-genotyping by sequencing,Super-GBS)技术对99只(10公/89母)成年子午岭黑山羊进行全基因组SNP检测。利用Plink软件计算观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)、多态信息含量(PIC)、核苷酸多样性(Pi)、有效等位基因数(Ne)及次要等位基因频率(MAF)等6项遗传多样性指标;GCTA软件进行主成分分析及基因组亲缘关系G矩阵构建;Plink软件构建IBS遗传距离矩阵,R语言绘制热图;PHYLP构建系统发育树;detect RUNS工具检测ROH。结果表明,99只子午岭黑山羊个体共检测到996042个SNPs。子午岭黑山羊群体的PIC、Pi、Ne及MAF值分别是0.161、0.193、1.295、0.130,且Ho(0.167)低于He(0.192),说明子午岭黑山羊群体遗传多样性较低。G矩阵和IBS遗传距离结果均表明子午岭黑山羊群体间大部分个体间亲缘关系较远。主成分分析结果揭示子午岭黑山羊群体内部不存在明显分化,系统发育树结果说明子午岭黑山羊群体公羊可大致分为6个家系,所有家系公羊数量较少。子午岭黑山羊群体的近交系数FROH为0.0496,说明子午岭黑山羊群体内部近交程度相对较低。综上所述,子午岭黑山羊群体遗传多样性较低,大部分个体间亲缘关系较远,群体内近交程度较低,后期应注意后代的选育,避免血统流失。展开更多
Pepper(Capsicum spp.)is one of the most important vegetable crops;however,pepper genomic studies lag behind those of other important Solanaceae.Here we present the results of a high-throughput genotyping-by-sequencing...Pepper(Capsicum spp.)is one of the most important vegetable crops;however,pepper genomic studies lag behind those of other important Solanaceae.Here we present the results of a high-throughput genotyping-by-sequencing(GBS)study of a collection of 190 Capsicum spp.accessions,including 183 of five cultivated species(C.annuum,C.chinense,C.frutescens,C.baccatum,and C.pubescens)and seven of the wild form C.annuum var.glabriusculum.Sequencing generated 6,766,231 high-quality read tags,of which 40.7%were successfully aligned to the reference genome.SNP calling yielded 4083 highly informative segregating SNPs.Genetic diversity and relationships of a subset of 148 accessions,of which a complete passport information was available,was studied using principal components analysis(PCA),discriminant analysis of principal components(DAPC),and phylogeny approaches.C.annuum,C.baccatum,and C.chinense were successfully separated by all methods.Our population was divided into seven clusters by DAPC,where C.frutescens accessions were clustered together with C.chinense.C.annuum var.glabriusculum accessions were spread into two distinct genetic pools,while European accessions were admixed and closely related.Separation of accessions was mainly associated to differences in fruit characteristics and origin.Phylogeny studies showed a close relation between Spanish and Mexican accessions,supporting the hypothesis that the first arose from a main genetic flow from the latter.Tajima’s D statistic values were consistent with positive selection in the C.annuum clusters,possibly related to domestication or selection towards traits of interest.This work provides comprehensive and relevant information on the origin and relationships of Spanish landraces and for future association mapping studies in pepper.展开更多
[目的]探究云上黑山羊主配公羊的亲缘关系及近交系数,构建肉羊高效联合育种体系,提升云上黑山羊生产性能和可持续发展力。[方法]采用简化基因组测序(genotyping-by-sequencing,GBS)技术对云上黑山羊5个核心育种场(XD、ZY、ML、SB、TJ)的...[目的]探究云上黑山羊主配公羊的亲缘关系及近交系数,构建肉羊高效联合育种体系,提升云上黑山羊生产性能和可持续发展力。[方法]采用简化基因组测序(genotyping-by-sequencing,GBS)技术对云上黑山羊5个核心育种场(XD、ZY、ML、SB、TJ)的100只主配公羊进行测序,并使用BWA、SAMTOOLS、PLINK v 1.90、Gmatrix v 2、Mega X等软件进行质控后高质量单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)位点鉴定、主成分分析(PCA)、状态同源距离矩阵(identical by state,IBS)和G矩阵构建、群体进化树分析、亲缘系数计算及近交系数估计。[结果]GBS质控后共获得215926个高质量SNPs位点;共检测到8692条连续性纯合片段(runs of homozygosity,ROH),长度在10.59~591.23 Mb之间,平均长度245.74 Mb。云上黑山羊主配公羊群体平均IBS遗传距离为0.118±0.011,亲缘关系G矩阵结果与IBS距离矩阵结果一致。结合群体进化树和亲缘关系分析,100只云上黑山羊被分为三大支和28个家系,其中家系2、11、13、14、16、17、18、20、23、24、25仅有1只公羊,XD、ZY、ML、SB、TJ核心育种场分别有18、10、8、5和8个家系;基于ROH的群体平均基因组近交系数为0.099641,29只公羊的近交系数<0.0625,39只公羊的近交系数在0.0625~0.125之间,32只公羊近交系数>0.125,存在较大的近交累积。[结论]100只云上黑山羊主配公羊被分为28个家系,其中11个家系仅有1只公羊,应加强繁育防止其血统的流失,配种方案制定中应关注近交系数>0.125的个体,防止近交衰退,同时根据不同的育种目标合理进行种公羊的交换。展开更多
旨在利用基因分型测序(genotyping by sequencing,GBS)技术对梅花鹿、马鹿及其杂交后代(F1、F2)基因组的SNP特征进行分析。本试验采用GBS技术对梅花鹿(63个)、马鹿(12个)及其杂交后代(F1代112个,F2代38个,未知类型个体1个)共226个个体...旨在利用基因分型测序(genotyping by sequencing,GBS)技术对梅花鹿、马鹿及其杂交后代(F1、F2)基因组的SNP特征进行分析。本试验采用GBS技术对梅花鹿(63个)、马鹿(12个)及其杂交后代(F1代112个,F2代38个,未知类型个体1个)共226个个体的血液基因组DNA进行测序,并利用本实验室前期110只梅花鹿、197只马鹿和1只F1代杂交鹿的测序数据,以梅花鹿全基因组为参考序列进行比对分析。结果,226个个体共产生Clean data 322.683 Gb,平均每个样品1427.802 Mb;将所有样本作为一个群体检测SNP变异,共检测出SNP位点23943582个,质控过滤后得到SNP位点31630个。对31630个SNPs使用最大似然(maximum likelihood,ML)法构建的分子进化树显示,梅花鹿、马鹿、F1及F2代区分明显。对梅花鹿和马鹿的SNPs进行比对分析,筛选出可用于鉴别马鹿、梅花鹿、F1、F2的物种特异SNP位点1032个(马鹿特异SNP位点474个,梅花鹿特异SNP位点558个),计算结果显示,F1代个体包含马鹿特异SNPs的比例主要在40%~60%之间,F2代个体含马鹿特异SNPs的比例主要在10%~30%之间,马鹿个体中不含梅花鹿的特异SNPs,梅花鹿中55.49%的个体不含马鹿特异SNPs,17.34%的个体含马鹿特异SNPs的比例低于1%,13.29%的个体含马鹿特异SNPs的比例在1%~10%之间,其余个体含马鹿特异SNPs的比例为10%~20%(其中有一个个体含马鹿特异SNPs的比例为33.3%)。该研究为花马杂交鹿后代的鉴定提供了可靠标记,并定量估计了F1和F2代个体含马鹿特异SNPs的比例,马鹿个体中不含梅花鹿的特异SNPs,这对梅花鹿、马鹿及其杂交后代(F1、F2)的鉴别具有重要意义。展开更多
文摘旨在分析子午岭黑山羊的群体遗传多样性和亲缘关系以及家系结构,为子午岭黑山羊的保护和利用提供依据。本研究通过简化基因组测序(super-genotyping by sequencing,Super-GBS)技术对99只(10公/89母)成年子午岭黑山羊进行全基因组SNP检测。利用Plink软件计算观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)、多态信息含量(PIC)、核苷酸多样性(Pi)、有效等位基因数(Ne)及次要等位基因频率(MAF)等6项遗传多样性指标;GCTA软件进行主成分分析及基因组亲缘关系G矩阵构建;Plink软件构建IBS遗传距离矩阵,R语言绘制热图;PHYLP构建系统发育树;detect RUNS工具检测ROH。结果表明,99只子午岭黑山羊个体共检测到996042个SNPs。子午岭黑山羊群体的PIC、Pi、Ne及MAF值分别是0.161、0.193、1.295、0.130,且Ho(0.167)低于He(0.192),说明子午岭黑山羊群体遗传多样性较低。G矩阵和IBS遗传距离结果均表明子午岭黑山羊群体间大部分个体间亲缘关系较远。主成分分析结果揭示子午岭黑山羊群体内部不存在明显分化,系统发育树结果说明子午岭黑山羊群体公羊可大致分为6个家系,所有家系公羊数量较少。子午岭黑山羊群体的近交系数FROH为0.0496,说明子午岭黑山羊群体内部近交程度相对较低。综上所述,子午岭黑山羊群体遗传多样性较低,大部分个体间亲缘关系较远,群体内近交程度较低,后期应注意后代的选育,避免血统流失。
基金financed by INIA projects RTA2013-00022-C02,RTA2014-00041-C02-02,and RF2010-00025-00-00,FEDER funds.
文摘Pepper(Capsicum spp.)is one of the most important vegetable crops;however,pepper genomic studies lag behind those of other important Solanaceae.Here we present the results of a high-throughput genotyping-by-sequencing(GBS)study of a collection of 190 Capsicum spp.accessions,including 183 of five cultivated species(C.annuum,C.chinense,C.frutescens,C.baccatum,and C.pubescens)and seven of the wild form C.annuum var.glabriusculum.Sequencing generated 6,766,231 high-quality read tags,of which 40.7%were successfully aligned to the reference genome.SNP calling yielded 4083 highly informative segregating SNPs.Genetic diversity and relationships of a subset of 148 accessions,of which a complete passport information was available,was studied using principal components analysis(PCA),discriminant analysis of principal components(DAPC),and phylogeny approaches.C.annuum,C.baccatum,and C.chinense were successfully separated by all methods.Our population was divided into seven clusters by DAPC,where C.frutescens accessions were clustered together with C.chinense.C.annuum var.glabriusculum accessions were spread into two distinct genetic pools,while European accessions were admixed and closely related.Separation of accessions was mainly associated to differences in fruit characteristics and origin.Phylogeny studies showed a close relation between Spanish and Mexican accessions,supporting the hypothesis that the first arose from a main genetic flow from the latter.Tajima’s D statistic values were consistent with positive selection in the C.annuum clusters,possibly related to domestication or selection towards traits of interest.This work provides comprehensive and relevant information on the origin and relationships of Spanish landraces and for future association mapping studies in pepper.
文摘[目的]探究云上黑山羊主配公羊的亲缘关系及近交系数,构建肉羊高效联合育种体系,提升云上黑山羊生产性能和可持续发展力。[方法]采用简化基因组测序(genotyping-by-sequencing,GBS)技术对云上黑山羊5个核心育种场(XD、ZY、ML、SB、TJ)的100只主配公羊进行测序,并使用BWA、SAMTOOLS、PLINK v 1.90、Gmatrix v 2、Mega X等软件进行质控后高质量单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)位点鉴定、主成分分析(PCA)、状态同源距离矩阵(identical by state,IBS)和G矩阵构建、群体进化树分析、亲缘系数计算及近交系数估计。[结果]GBS质控后共获得215926个高质量SNPs位点;共检测到8692条连续性纯合片段(runs of homozygosity,ROH),长度在10.59~591.23 Mb之间,平均长度245.74 Mb。云上黑山羊主配公羊群体平均IBS遗传距离为0.118±0.011,亲缘关系G矩阵结果与IBS距离矩阵结果一致。结合群体进化树和亲缘关系分析,100只云上黑山羊被分为三大支和28个家系,其中家系2、11、13、14、16、17、18、20、23、24、25仅有1只公羊,XD、ZY、ML、SB、TJ核心育种场分别有18、10、8、5和8个家系;基于ROH的群体平均基因组近交系数为0.099641,29只公羊的近交系数<0.0625,39只公羊的近交系数在0.0625~0.125之间,32只公羊近交系数>0.125,存在较大的近交累积。[结论]100只云上黑山羊主配公羊被分为28个家系,其中11个家系仅有1只公羊,应加强繁育防止其血统的流失,配种方案制定中应关注近交系数>0.125的个体,防止近交衰退,同时根据不同的育种目标合理进行种公羊的交换。
文摘旨在利用基因分型测序(genotyping by sequencing,GBS)技术对梅花鹿、马鹿及其杂交后代(F1、F2)基因组的SNP特征进行分析。本试验采用GBS技术对梅花鹿(63个)、马鹿(12个)及其杂交后代(F1代112个,F2代38个,未知类型个体1个)共226个个体的血液基因组DNA进行测序,并利用本实验室前期110只梅花鹿、197只马鹿和1只F1代杂交鹿的测序数据,以梅花鹿全基因组为参考序列进行比对分析。结果,226个个体共产生Clean data 322.683 Gb,平均每个样品1427.802 Mb;将所有样本作为一个群体检测SNP变异,共检测出SNP位点23943582个,质控过滤后得到SNP位点31630个。对31630个SNPs使用最大似然(maximum likelihood,ML)法构建的分子进化树显示,梅花鹿、马鹿、F1及F2代区分明显。对梅花鹿和马鹿的SNPs进行比对分析,筛选出可用于鉴别马鹿、梅花鹿、F1、F2的物种特异SNP位点1032个(马鹿特异SNP位点474个,梅花鹿特异SNP位点558个),计算结果显示,F1代个体包含马鹿特异SNPs的比例主要在40%~60%之间,F2代个体含马鹿特异SNPs的比例主要在10%~30%之间,马鹿个体中不含梅花鹿的特异SNPs,梅花鹿中55.49%的个体不含马鹿特异SNPs,17.34%的个体含马鹿特异SNPs的比例低于1%,13.29%的个体含马鹿特异SNPs的比例在1%~10%之间,其余个体含马鹿特异SNPs的比例为10%~20%(其中有一个个体含马鹿特异SNPs的比例为33.3%)。该研究为花马杂交鹿后代的鉴定提供了可靠标记,并定量估计了F1和F2代个体含马鹿特异SNPs的比例,马鹿个体中不含梅花鹿的特异SNPs,这对梅花鹿、马鹿及其杂交后代(F1、F2)的鉴别具有重要意义。
