The Implementation Path of Multimedia-Assisted High School Geography Teaching:Taking“China’s Climate”as an Example

With the rapid development of modern information technology,multimedia-assisted instruction has become an indispensable tool in today’s classrooms.Taking“China’s Climate”as an example and aiming to improve the quality of geography teaching in high schools from the perspective of core competencies,this paper explores the implementation pathways of multimedia-assisted geography teaching by comparing traditional teaching methods with multimedia-assisted ones.The goal is to provide a paradigmatic reference for teachers to better leverage digital technology to achieve more efficient,personalized,and precise geography teaching,thereby promoting a comprehensive enhancement of education and teaching quality.

Reform and Practice of Research-Based Teaching Mode for Innovative Talents in Local Undergraduate Physical Geography

The traditional Physical Geography teaching,focusing on theory and neglecting practice and innovation,fails to meet the needs of talent cultivation.In response to the aforementioned pedagogical challenges,this study adopts a student-centered and holistic educational philosophy,leveraging an intelligent teaching platform to develop a research-oriented teaching model.This model integrates scientific research papers and current news as context,thematic presentations as an introduction to knowledge,and field internships,annual papers,research projects,and disciplinary competitions as practical bridges.The aim is to enhance students’comprehension of the course material,foster innovative thinking and research capabilities,and drive comprehensive reform and innovation in Physical Geography courses within higher education institutions.

A Deep Learning-Based Teaching Design for High School Geography Units:Taking the Example of Landforms of the Humanistic Education Edition

The traditional teaching methods of one-way cultivation of students can no longer meet the requirements of talent cultivation at this stage.The issue of how to promote students from passive acceptance to the independent cognitive understanding stage(i.e.deep learning)has become the focus of geography teaching.Therefore,under the guidance of deep learning theory,this paper takes the“landforms”knowledge unit of the Humanistic Education Edition as an example,improves the classroom teaching means through the unit teaching mode,reconstructs the“landforms”teaching unit,and explores the specific teaching of high school geography unit based on deep learning.This study provides a good example and guidelines for high school geography teaching and learning.

Spatio-Temporal Trend and Geographic Disparity of Infertility Prevalence in Burkina Faso, 2011 to 2020

Background: Infertility affected 10% to 25% of couples globally, and about half of the infertility cases were reported in sub-Saharan Africa. Infertility poses significant social, cultural, and health challenges, particularly for women who often face stigmatization. However, comprehensive and nationally representative data, including prevalence, temporal trends, and risk factors, are lacking, prompting a study in Burkina Faso to address the need for informed policies and programs in infertility care and management. Objectives: This study aims to better understand the spatiotemporal trend of infertility prevalence in Burkina Faso. Methodology: This is a retrospective population-based study of women infertility from healthcare facilities in Burkina Faso, during January 2011 to December 2020. We calculated the prevalence rates of infertility and two disparity measures, and examined the spatiotemporal trend of infertility. Results: Over the 10-year period (2011 to 2020), 143,421 infertility cases were recorded in Burkina Faso healthcare facilities, resulting of a mean prevalence rate of 3.61‰ among childbearing age women and 17.87‰ among women who consulted healthcare facilities for reproductive issues (except contraception). The findings revealed a significant increase of infertility, with the prevalence rate varied from 2.75‰ in 2011 to 4.62‰ in 2020 among childbearing age women and from 13.38‰ in 2011 to 26.28‰ in 2020 among women who consulted healthcare facilities for reproductive issues, corresponding to an estimate annual percentage change of 8.31% and 9.80% respectively. There were significant temporal and geographic variations in the prevalence of infertility. While relative geographic disparity decreased, absolute geographic disparity showed an increasing trend over time. Conclusion: The study highlights an increasing trend of infertility prevalence and significant geographic variation in Burkina Faso, underscoring the urgent necessity for etiologic research on risk factors, psychosocial implications, and economic consequences to inform effective interventions and mitigate the socioeconomic impact of infertility.

Soil resilience assessment using soil profile descriptions and Analytic Hierarchy Process in Mediterranean mountains considering diverse fire occurrences

Wildfires are complex natural phenomena that exert significant impacts on landscapes,societies,and economies.Understanding the concept of resilience is crucial in mitigating its possible negative impacts,as it involves preparing for,responding to,and recovering from wildfires.This research aims to demonstrate the utility of in situ soil profile description in assessing land use resilience using an Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)through an expert panel survey.The study examines a catchment located in the Balearic Islands,considering two fire occurrences(once and twice),comparing abandoned agricultural terraces and natural hillslopes.The results demonstrated that the priority ranking of variables to assess soil profile resilience against wildfires,determined by a panel of 10 experts,identified horizon depth(25.1%),slope inclination(21.5%),and hydrological connectivity(16.6%)as the most crucial factors.Other variables,such as number and size of roots,structure of pedal soil material,size class structure,and rock fragments,also contributed to resilience but to a lesser extent,with scores ranging from 5.7%to 9.6%.Analyzing the priorities established by the experts using AHP,the results showed that the least resilient soil horizon was H1 of the control hillslope,especially under high and low connectivity processes,which aligned with the loss of superficial soil horizons after one and two wildfires.Hillslopes showed greater changes in resilience after occurring wildfires compared to terraces,with the most significant alterations occurring after the second wildfire event.This study addresses a significant knowledge gap in the field by highlighting the interconnectedness of wildfires,resilience,and land use,providing insights into land management strategies for wildfire-prone regions.

Analysis of spatial distribution characteristics and driving factors of ethnicminority villages in China using geospatial technology and statistical models

This study aims to reveal the spatial structural characteristics of 1,652 Ethnic-Minority Villages(EMV)in China and to analyze the mechanisms driving their spatial heterogeneity.EMV are a special type of settlement space that preserve a large number of historical traces of the ethnic culture of ancient China.They are important carriers of China’s excellent traditional culture and are key to the implementation of rural revitalization strategies.In this study,1652 EMV in China were selected as the research subjects.The Nearest Neighbor Index,kernel density,and spatial autocorrelation index were employed to reveal the spatial structural characteristics of minority villages.Neural network models,spatial lag models,and geographical detectors were used to analyze the formation mechanism of spatial heterogeneity in EMV.The results indicate that:(1)EMV exhibit significant spatial differentiation characterized by“single-core with multiple surrounding sub-centers,”“polarization between east and west,”“decreasing quantity from southwest to east coast to northeast to northwest,”and“large dispersion with small agglomeration.”(2)EMV are mainly distributed in areas rich in intangible cultural heritage,with high vegetation coverage and low altitude,far from central cities,and having limited arable land and an underdeveloped economy and transportation,particularly in shaded or riverbank areas.(3)Distance from the nearest river(X3),distance from central cities(X8),national intangible cultural heritage(X9),and NDVI(X10)were the main driving factors affecting the spatial distribution of EMV,whereas elevation(X1)and GDP(X5)had the weakest influence.As EMV are a relatively unique territorial spatial unit,the identification of their spatial heterogeneity characteristics not only deepens the research content of settlement geography,but also involves the assessment,protection,and development of Minority Villages,which is of great significance for the inheritance and utilization of excellent ethnic cultures in the era.

How antibiotic resistances could change Helicobacter pylori treatment:A matter of geography?

Therapeutic management of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)remains an unsolved issue.Indeed,no therapeutic regimen is able to cure the infection in all treated patients,and in many the infection persists despite the administration of several consecutive standard therapies.Although antibiotic resistance reports describe alarming results,the outcome of therapeutic regimens does not seem to parallel this scenario in most cases,since a successful performance is often reached in more than 80%of cases.However,the phenomenon of increasing antibiotic resistance is being closely studied,and the results show controversial aspects even in the same geographic area.For the continents of Europe,America,Asia,Africa,and Oceania,minimal and maximal values of resistance to the main antibiotics(clarithromycin,amoxicillin,metronidazole,and levofloxacin)feature wide ranges in different countries.The real enigma is therefore linked to the several different therapeutic regimens,which show results that often do not parallel the in vitro findings even in the same areas.A first aspect to be emphasized is that some regimens are limited by their use in very small geographic districts.Moreover,not all therapeutic trials have considered bacterial and host factors affecting the therapeutic outcome.The additional use of probiotics may help to reduce adverse events,but their therapeutic impact is doubtful.In conclusion,the"ideal therapy",paradoxically,appears to be a"utopia",despite the unprecedented volume of studies in the field and the real breakthrough in medical practice made by the discovery and treatment of H.pylori.The ample discrepancies observed in the different areas do not encourage the development of therapeutic guidelines that could be valid worldwide.On these bases,one of the main challenges for the future might be identifying a successful solution to overcome antibiotic resistances.In this context,geography must be considered a relevant matter.

Geographies of Chemical Warfare in Vietnam: The Merry Band of Retirees

This review explores the recent development of research on rainbow herbicides as chemical weapons and the geographies of chemical warfare in what is now the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. While the use and impacts of Agent Orange have previously been well documented, the production and extensive application of five other rainbow agents by the United States military has only recently been investigated in detail. What is exceptional about this research of chemical warfare landscapes is that the 23 refereed journal publications in this review were designed, implemented, and published in a unique collective research project by Ken Olson and a Merry Band of Military Retirees. Their groundbreaking research portfolio includes many geographical dimensions and the political ecology of chemical warfare. This includes the extensive exposure of civilians in Vietnam to these chemical agents, exposure of US military personnel in Southeast Asia and Panama, exposure of civilians near the private industrial sites that produced these rainbow agents in North America and the hazardous soil contamination that perseveres at these sites in Vietnam and the US. Given this impressive research depth and global scope, this review explores the unique way this research portfolio was developed by a Merry Band of Retirees through an interview with its leader, Ken Olson. It examines the goals and ethical orientation of these military veterans, the political ecology involved, the creative strategies they utilized to produce this innovative research, and how they changed the way Veterans exposed to chemical warfare agents are treated by the US government.

Progress of regional economic geography in China: a comparative study

Domestic and international literatures in economic geography in recent years showthat the disciplinary status of regional economic geography remains steay. Domesticliteratures prefer regional comprehensive development than that of international in theapplication fields. The process of establishing theoretical system with Chinese characteristocscontinues and has made some progress. The economic regions element theory, developmenttheory and management theory have been added to the already existed theory system. Theconstruction of comprehensive and integrated methodology system has initiated.

Analysis on Genetic Similarity of Japonica Rice Variety from Different Origins of Geography in the World

The genetic similarity and genetic difference among improved japonica rice varieties from different countries （or regions and organizations） were detected. The aim is to provide genetic basis to the breeding of japonica rice varieties. The genetic similarity and cluster of 313 improved japonica varieties from 20 countries （or regions and organizations） were analyzed using the SSR marker. With 34 SSR primers which were polymorphic and uniformly distributed in rice genome, totally 198 alleles were detected among these improved varieties with the average number of alleles per pair of primers of 5.8235. RM320, RM531, RM1, RM21, and RM336 located more alleles, which were 16, 13, 12, 10, and 10 respectively. RM320, RM336, RM286, RM531, and RM21 showed higher genetic diversity indexes, which were 2.3668, 2.0041, 1.9684, 1.9508, and 1.7203, respectively. The genetic similarity for improved japonica varieties among different countries （or regions and organizations） were ranged from 0.279 to 0.918, and the mean value was 0.653. The rice varieties from countries whose latitude and geography position were all nearer were clustered together with higher genetic similarity indexes. The rice varieties from countries who had more different latitude and far geography position were clustered separately with lower genetic similarity indexes. The results indicated the genetic similarity indexes among improved japonica varieties had a close relationship with the geographical position, especially with the latitude.

Impact of payment source, referral site, and place of residence on outcomes after allogeneic transplantation in Mexico

BACKGROUND The impact of social determinants of health in allogeneic transplant recipients in low-and middle-income countries is poorly described.This observational study analyzes the impact of place of residence,referring institution,and transplant cost coverage(out-of-pocket vs government-funded vs private insurance)on outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(alloHSCT)in two of Mexico's largest public and private institutions.AIM To evaluate the impact of social determinants of health and their relationship with outcomes among allogeneic transplant recipients in Mexico.METHODS In this retrospective cohort study,we included adolescents and adults≥16 years who received a matched sibling or haploidentical transplant from 2015-2022.Participants were selected without regard to their diagnosis and were sourced from both a private clinic and a public University Hospital in Mexico.Three payment groups were compared:Out-of-pocket(OOP),private insurance,and a federal Universal healthcare program“Seguro Popular”.Outcomes were compared between referred and institution-diagnosed patients,and between residents of Nuevo Leon and out-of-state.Primary outcomes included overall survival(OS),categorized by residence,referral,and payment source.Secondary outcomes encompassed early mortality,event-free-survival,graft-versus-host-relapse-free survival,and non-relapse-mortality(NRM).Statistical analyses employed appropriate tests,Kaplan-Meier method,and Cox proportional hazard regression modeling.Statistical software included SPSS and R with tidycmprsk library.RESULTS Our primary outcome was overall survival.We included 287 patients,n=164 who lived out of state(57.1%),and n=129 referred from another institution(44.9%).The most frequent payment source was OOP(n=139,48.4%),followed by private insurance(n=75,26.1%)and universal coverage(n=73,25.4%).No differences in OS,event-free-survival,NRM,or graft-versus-host-relapse-free survival were observed for patients diagnosed locally vs in another institution,nor patients who lived in-state vs out-of-state.Patients who covered transplant costs through private insurance had the best outcomes with improved OS(median not reached)and 2-year cumulative incidence of NRM of 14%than patients who covered costs OOP(Median OS and 2-year NRM of 32%)or through a universal healthcare program active during the study period(OS and 2-year NRM of 19%)(P=0.024 and P=0.002,respectively).In a multivariate analysis,payment source and disease risk index were the only factors associated with overall survival.CONCLUSION In this Latin-American multicenter study,the site of residence or referral for alloHSCT did not impact outcomes.However,access to healthcare coverage for alloHSCT was associated with improved OS and reduced NRM.

Advances in applied studies of fractal theory in geography in China

The fractal theory put forward by American mathematician B B Mandelbrot (1967) supplies an effective approach to solve complex problems. The complex problems in geography have become the main positive study field of fractal theory. Based on the works of China's geographers and the summarization of contents of fractal theory, the authors comment on the present situation of its applications to almost every branch of geography and discuss the related problems and the prospects of fractal study in geography.

The code of targeted poverty alleviation in China:A geography perspective

Geography is suitable for the study of sustainability from a transdisciplinary perspective,which takes the human-land relationship as the core research.As a key obstacle to rural sustainability,poverty is an external manifestation of the coupling maladjustment of elements in human-land territorial systems.As the world’s largest developing country,China eradicated extreme poverty in 2020 and made significant contributions to global poverty reduc-tion.Especially over the last eight years,China has implemented a targeted poverty alleviation(TPA)strategy and has continuously promoted theoretical,organizational and institutional innovations for poverty reduction.From the perspective of geography,this paper extracts the experiences of China’s TPA strategy,represented by the"5W2H"mode.The research concludes that:(1)Precise identification,as the foundation of TPA,aims to in-troduce a registration system to obtain records of all poor households and then answer the"5W"(what,where,why,who,when)issues of the geography of poverty.(2)Precise assistance is the key of TPA,which aims to solve the issue of"how to offer help and support".The barriers to escaping poverty can be accomplished through poli-cies and measures that focus on the diverse causes of poverty and considering different situations.(3)Accurate assessments are an essential means of TPA,relevant to solve"how to measure the end of poverty alleviation",and third-party evaluations play an important role in improving the accuracy of poverty alleviation.(4)The TPA mechanism lies in reconstructing the human-land-industry structures in the impoverished areal system.It is urgent to introduce China’s successful experience and typical modes of TPA for global human-earth system coordination and sustainable development and contribute to building a community of human destiny.

A review on the eco-geography of soil fauna in China

This review summarizes main research findings in soil fauna eco-geography in China in the past 30 years. The subject areas and main results were overviewed including biodiversity and eco-geological distribution of soil fauna communities. Studies of ecological distributions of soil fauna and dynamic ranges in space from tropical, subtropical to temperate regions, and in categories from forest, grassland, desert, wetland, farmland to urban ecosystems, the responses and indications of soil fauna to soil environments. Effects of intensive disturbance such as fire, grazing, farming, fertilization on soil fauna include sensitive （e.g. nematode） and rare groups and community indexes. The functions of soil fauna were discussed including environmental construction, environmental purification, litter decomposition and elements cycling. Interactions between soil fauna and other biota in soil ecosystems and linking between aboveground and belowground diversity and the effects of global change on soil fauna community in China were also included. Finally, the authors pointed out common interests in soil fauna eco-geographical studies, which include application of molecule biology into soil fauna taxa; function and mechanism of soil fauna community diversity; interaction between aboveground and belowground ecosystems; effects of disturbance, pollution, biological invasion, and global change on soil fauna community and function. The review is to provide a scientific basis for promoting soil fauna eco-geographical studies in China.

Hu Huanyong:Father of China's Population Geography

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An Evolutionary Economic Geography Perspective on Types of Operation Development in West Lake, China

The types of operation play a key role in facilitating tourism consumption and economic development in a tourism destination. By adopting evolutionary economic geography theory, the paper analyzes the types of operation in West Lake Scenic Area from 1978 to 2013. First, an evolution process consisting of four stages is underpinned, and they are: the new establishment stage, the preliminary development stage, the speedup development stage, and the stabilized maturity stage. Specifically, the distinct characteristics associated with operation types are compared and evaluated at different stages throughout the process. The evolution trees are introduced to scrutinize types of operation development. The results of evolution trees demonstrate the substantial increase in both numbers and types. Second, by applying GIS spatial analysis, the paper also analyzes the spatial evolution characteristics on the types of operation, and the results unveil the co-existence of centripetal and centrifugal forces: the processes of spatial agglomeration and spatial dispersion. More specifically, we recognize the spatial process includes the emergence of node and concentration(1978–1995), the sparse distribution and intensity reduction(1996–2002), the patchy distribution and spatial agglomeration intensification(2003–2008), the dispersed distribution and core area agglomeration(2009–2013). Lastly, path dependence on resource endowment, government and market innovation, knowledge learning and spillover can reasonably explain the types of operation evolution. In conclusion, the evolutionary economic geography theories provide new theoretical and empirical perspectives for tourism policy analysis. At the same time, our comprehensive evidences impart more comprehensive insights and offer useful managerial and policy implications.

PROGRESS OF CHINESE REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY STUDIES IN RECENT TWENTY YEARS

Regional geography, embodying the regionality and integration, is the kernel of Geography. Since the 1980s, the Chinese geographers have extensively taken part in the social practical activities and made progress in physico geographical regionalization, economic regionalization, territorial (regional) development planning, construction of special economic zone, and integrated research in the major areas of China. Through these works, the theories of regional geography have been richened and the capacity participating in the social practice promoted as well. In China, many regional researches had been conducted respectively from the aspects of regional physico geography and regional economic geography, etc. According to the cases, this paper gives a review on the studies of regional geography during the latest two decades in China. It ought to be indicated that the natural and human components should be combined and the disciplines intersected and permeated, with the support of advanced technology. In order to serve the regional sustainable development, on the background of global change, this is an inevitable tendency for the development of the regional geography.

REFORM AND TEACHING QUALITY—EXEMPLIFICATION OF REGIONAL PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

There are a number of factors involved in teaching quality. Among them teaching materials or textbooks are of primary importance, the presentation of which relies first of all on the viewpoint to structure the contents geographically. Whatever branch of geography you are teaching or in pursuit, geographical viewpoint is vitally important. This paper in discussing innovation of geographical education about these institutions with the course of regional physical geography as an example. The higher education of our discipline is in pressing need of innovation and thereby upgrading quality.

PROVENANCE TEST OF SCA-BUCKTHORN GEOGRAPHY

In the last five years, the height increment and rhythm of growth, phenophase for the seedling phase and the character of resistence to adversity in forestation had been observed and compared. And variation of provenance of sca-buckthorn on geography was found out. The suitable provenance of sca-buckthorn wsa selected for experiment area.

A STUDY ON THE FLORISTIC PLANT GEOGRAPHY OF XISHA ISLANDS, SOUTH CHINA

Xisha Islands is situated on the South China Sea, at 15° 46'-17° 08'N. and 111° 11'-112 ° 54' E., with an altitude of 2.6-15.9m. The major types of vegetation are the evergreen coral island forest, and beach vegetation. The major types of vegetation are the evergreen coral island forest, scrub forest and beach vegetation. The dominant species of the forest communities are Pisonia grandis, Guettarda speciosa, Scaevola sericea and Messer schmidia argentea.There are 212 species of wild vascularplants belonging to 52 families and 147 genera in this area, of which there are 4 families, 4 genera and 5 species of pteridophyte and 48 families, 143 genera and 207 species of Angiosperms. The main families of the flora are Poaceae, Papilionaceae, Cyperaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Rubiaceae, Nyctaginaceae and Boraginaceae etc. According to the geographical distribution, Spermatophytic genera in Xisha Islands may be classified into 9 types, of which pantropic genera accounts for 70% of total genera. At specific level, elements of Tropical Asia to Tropical Australia are dominant part in the forest communities. In this area there is no species endemic to itself. Many primitive taxa such as Gymnosperms, Anonaceae and many others are not found in the flora. Comparing the composition of the flora with those of 6 neighboring regions, the flora of Xisha Islands is quite similar to those of Hainan Island. The similarity indices of genera and species are 98.46% and 94.09% respectively. Indigofera chunianais endemic to the two regions.