The research on geoneutrinos is a new interdisciplinary subject involving particle experiments and geo-science.Potassium-40(40K)decays contribute roughly to 1/3 of the radiogenic heat of the Earth,which is not yet acc...The research on geoneutrinos is a new interdisciplinary subject involving particle experiments and geo-science.Potassium-40(40K)decays contribute roughly to 1/3 of the radiogenic heat of the Earth,which is not yet accounted for by experimental observation.Solar neutrino experiments with liquid scintillators have observed uranium and thorium geoneutrinos and are the most promising experiments with regard to low-background neutrino detection.In this study,we present the new concept of using liquid-scintillator Cherenkov detectors to detect the neutrino-electron elastic scattering process of 40K geoneutrinos.Liquid-scintillator Cherenkov detectors using a slow liquid scintillator achieve this goal with both energy and direction measurements for charged particles.Given the directionality,we can significantly suppress the dominant intrinsic background originating from solar neutrinos in conventional liquid-scintillator detectors.We simulated the solar-and geo-neutrino scatterings in the slow liquid scintillator detector,and implemented energy and directional reconstructions for the recoiling electrons.We found that 40K geoneutrinos can be detected with three-standard-deviation accuracy in a kiloton-scale detector.展开更多
The abundant nitrogen in the Earth’s atmosphere can be interpreted as the result of endothermic nuclear transmutation of carbon and oxygen atom pairs in (Ca, D) CO3 or CaCO3 aragonite lattice of Earth’s crust from t...The abundant nitrogen in the Earth’s atmosphere can be interpreted as the result of endothermic nuclear transmutation of carbon and oxygen atom pairs in (Ca, D) CO3 or CaCO3 aragonite lattice of Earth’s crust from the Archean era to the present time, by physical catalytic help of excited electrons e* generated by stick sliding due to plate tectonics and geoneutrinos ν by the radioactive decay of elements such as uranium and thorium in Earth’s mantle: through a nuclear attraction effect that is due to deuteron catalysis of nitrogen formation. The relationship between the critical temperature T and the critical pressure P for the nuclear transmutation is expressed as 7253 × e-0.014P, and the formation of nitrogen in the mantle is possible at temperatures ≥ 2510 K and pressure ≥ 58 GPa.展开更多
基金Supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11620101004,11235006,11475093)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2018YFA0404102)+1 种基金the Key Laboratory of Particle&Radiation Imaging(Tsinghua University)the CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics(CCEPP)
文摘The research on geoneutrinos is a new interdisciplinary subject involving particle experiments and geo-science.Potassium-40(40K)decays contribute roughly to 1/3 of the radiogenic heat of the Earth,which is not yet accounted for by experimental observation.Solar neutrino experiments with liquid scintillators have observed uranium and thorium geoneutrinos and are the most promising experiments with regard to low-background neutrino detection.In this study,we present the new concept of using liquid-scintillator Cherenkov detectors to detect the neutrino-electron elastic scattering process of 40K geoneutrinos.Liquid-scintillator Cherenkov detectors using a slow liquid scintillator achieve this goal with both energy and direction measurements for charged particles.Given the directionality,we can significantly suppress the dominant intrinsic background originating from solar neutrinos in conventional liquid-scintillator detectors.We simulated the solar-and geo-neutrino scatterings in the slow liquid scintillator detector,and implemented energy and directional reconstructions for the recoiling electrons.We found that 40K geoneutrinos can be detected with three-standard-deviation accuracy in a kiloton-scale detector.
文摘The abundant nitrogen in the Earth’s atmosphere can be interpreted as the result of endothermic nuclear transmutation of carbon and oxygen atom pairs in (Ca, D) CO3 or CaCO3 aragonite lattice of Earth’s crust from the Archean era to the present time, by physical catalytic help of excited electrons e* generated by stick sliding due to plate tectonics and geoneutrinos ν by the radioactive decay of elements such as uranium and thorium in Earth’s mantle: through a nuclear attraction effect that is due to deuteron catalysis of nitrogen formation. The relationship between the critical temperature T and the critical pressure P for the nuclear transmutation is expressed as 7253 × e-0.014P, and the formation of nitrogen in the mantle is possible at temperatures ≥ 2510 K and pressure ≥ 58 GPa.
