To identify the main sources responsible for soil heavy metal contamination, 70 topsoils were sampled from the Daxing County in the urban-rural transition zone of Beijing. The concentrations of heavy metals Cu, Zn, Pb...To identify the main sources responsible for soil heavy metal contamination, 70 topsoils were sampled from the Daxing County in the urban-rural transition zone of Beijing. The concentrations of heavy metals Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, As, Se, Hg, and Co; the soil texture; and the organic matter content were determined for each soil sample. Descriptive statistics and geostatistics were used to analyze the data, and Kriging analysis was used to estimate the unobserved points and to map the spatial patterns of soil heavy metals. The results showed that the concentrations of all the soil heavy metals exceeded their background levels with the exception of As and Se. However, only the Cd concentration in some areas exceeded the critical value of the national soil quality standard. The semivariance analysis showed that the spatial correlation distances for soil Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, As, Ni, and Co ranged from 4.0 to 7.0 km, but soil Se, Pb, and Hg had a larger correlation distance. Soil Co, Se, Cd, Cu and Zn showed a strong spatial correlation, whereas the other soil heavy metals showed medium spatial correlation. Soil heavy metal concentrations were related to soil texture, organic matter content, and the accumulation of heavy metals in the soils, which was because of air deposition and use of water from the Liangshui, Xinfeng, and Fenghe rivers that are contaminated by wastewater and sewage for the purpose of irrigation of fields. Hence, a comprehensive treatment plan for these rivers should be formulated.展开更多
采用地统计软件GS+和地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)相结合的方法,研究浙江省北部某电池厂(污染场地F1)和火电厂(污染场地F2)周边农田表层土壤(0~20cm)和亚表层土壤(20~40cm)汞(Hg)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu...采用地统计软件GS+和地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)相结合的方法,研究浙江省北部某电池厂(污染场地F1)和火电厂(污染场地F2)周边农田表层土壤(0~20cm)和亚表层土壤(20~40cm)汞(Hg)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)6种重金属的含量及其空间变异特征;通过反距离权重(inversedistance weighting,IDW)空间插值分析方法对未测点土壤重金属含量进行最优估计,并对这些重金属的来源进行初步识别。结果表明:对于污染场地F1,土壤Cd污染比较突出,有91%表层土壤样点Cd质量分数超过国家《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618—1995)的2级标准值(Cd>0.3mg/kg);而且F1表层土壤Cd和Pb质量分数具有相似的空间分布特征,随着与污染场地距离的增加重金属含量逐渐降低;同时F1表层土壤Cd和Pb的质量分数均极显著大于亚表层土壤,说明污染场地F1周边农田表层土壤重金属Cd和Pb污染主要来自外源污染,且污染源可能是污染场地F1;对于污染场地F2,土壤Cd和Hg污染比较突出,分别有63%和11%表层土壤样点Cd和Hg质量分数超过国家《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618—1995)的2级标准值(Hg、Cd>0.3mg/kg),F2表层土壤Hg质量分数极显著大于亚表层土壤,说明污染场地F2周边农田表层土壤重金属Hg超标主要来自外源污染。综上可见,污染场地周边农田土壤重金属污染与污染场地的影响密切相关,应该引起高度重视。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 40401025 and 49871005)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (No. IRT0412)
文摘To identify the main sources responsible for soil heavy metal contamination, 70 topsoils were sampled from the Daxing County in the urban-rural transition zone of Beijing. The concentrations of heavy metals Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, As, Se, Hg, and Co; the soil texture; and the organic matter content were determined for each soil sample. Descriptive statistics and geostatistics were used to analyze the data, and Kriging analysis was used to estimate the unobserved points and to map the spatial patterns of soil heavy metals. The results showed that the concentrations of all the soil heavy metals exceeded their background levels with the exception of As and Se. However, only the Cd concentration in some areas exceeded the critical value of the national soil quality standard. The semivariance analysis showed that the spatial correlation distances for soil Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, As, Ni, and Co ranged from 4.0 to 7.0 km, but soil Se, Pb, and Hg had a larger correlation distance. Soil Co, Se, Cd, Cu and Zn showed a strong spatial correlation, whereas the other soil heavy metals showed medium spatial correlation. Soil heavy metal concentrations were related to soil texture, organic matter content, and the accumulation of heavy metals in the soils, which was because of air deposition and use of water from the Liangshui, Xinfeng, and Fenghe rivers that are contaminated by wastewater and sewage for the purpose of irrigation of fields. Hence, a comprehensive treatment plan for these rivers should be formulated.
文摘采用地统计软件GS+和地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)相结合的方法,研究浙江省北部某电池厂(污染场地F1)和火电厂(污染场地F2)周边农田表层土壤(0~20cm)和亚表层土壤(20~40cm)汞(Hg)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)6种重金属的含量及其空间变异特征;通过反距离权重(inversedistance weighting,IDW)空间插值分析方法对未测点土壤重金属含量进行最优估计,并对这些重金属的来源进行初步识别。结果表明:对于污染场地F1,土壤Cd污染比较突出,有91%表层土壤样点Cd质量分数超过国家《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618—1995)的2级标准值(Cd>0.3mg/kg);而且F1表层土壤Cd和Pb质量分数具有相似的空间分布特征,随着与污染场地距离的增加重金属含量逐渐降低;同时F1表层土壤Cd和Pb的质量分数均极显著大于亚表层土壤,说明污染场地F1周边农田表层土壤重金属Cd和Pb污染主要来自外源污染,且污染源可能是污染场地F1;对于污染场地F2,土壤Cd和Hg污染比较突出,分别有63%和11%表层土壤样点Cd和Hg质量分数超过国家《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618—1995)的2级标准值(Hg、Cd>0.3mg/kg),F2表层土壤Hg质量分数极显著大于亚表层土壤,说明污染场地F2周边农田表层土壤重金属Hg超标主要来自外源污染。综上可见,污染场地周边农田土壤重金属污染与污染场地的影响密切相关,应该引起高度重视。