Improvement of quality of Ginkgo biloba seeds powder by solid-state fermentation with Eurotium cristatum for developing high-value ginkgo seeds products

In this study,we investigated the feasibility of Ginkgo biloba seeds powder by solid-state fermen-tation with Eurotium cristatum for developing high-value ginkgo seeds products.The optimum fermentation medium was consisted of 10 g of 40-mesh ginkgo seeds powder loaded in 100 mL Erlenmeyer flask with 50%(w/w)of water content,4%(w/w)of MgSO_(4)and 5%(w/w)of KH_(2)PO_(4)addition.The optimum fermentation conditions were pH 5.0,2×10^(8)CFU/g of inoculum size,3 mL of sterilized water supplemented every two days during the four days of fermentation.Through fermentation,the spore number of E.cristatum was improved by about 36 times with the produc-tion of lovastatin reaching(54.10±0.16)μg/g.The antioxidant activity of fermented ginkgo seeds powder also got obvious enhancement,which could help eliminate excess free radicals produced by normal metabolism.The content of free amino acids increased by 82.32%.Except that the sugar was consumed in some degree,the other nutritional and functional components were well preserved while the content of detrimental ginkgolic acids was reduced by 44.97%.In addition,fermented ginkgo seeds powder possessed better digestibility and showed pleasant orange-like smelling.In conclusion,the quality of ginkgo seeds powder was remarkably improved through solid-state fermentation by using E.cristatum,which could be a promising way for functional applications of ginkgo seeds.

Ginkgo Biloba Waste Resources and Waste Treatment Combined with Modern Progress and Development Model

Background:Ginkgo biloba L.is listed in the Red List of Endangered Species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.G.biloba is an important medicinal plant in China and can be widely used in materials,gardens,and as a source of nutrients.With the large-scale planting of ginkgo plants,China,accounts for more than 70%of the world’s total gingko output.Currently,G.biloba P.E.is the main extract under product development and application.However,G.biloba has been discarded as waste for a long time and has not been well developed and utilized.According to incomplete statistics,nearly 40,000 tons are discarded in China every year,which not only wastes resources but also pollutes the environment.Objective:This is an issue of great significance and adds value to scientific research.We aim to develop a key technology for resource recycling by combining G.biloba waste resources and waste treatment.Methods:Data were obtained by searching databases such as CNKI,and analyzing the herb application,modern application,main chemical components,utilization of waste parts,ways and modes combined with waste treatment,and safety of G.biloba.This systematic analysis can serve as a reference for the recycling of waste resources in other fields.Conclusion:The chemical constituents of the outer seed coat of G.biloba mainly include hydrophenols,phenolic acids,and biflavones,among which the phenolic acid of G.biloba can be used to extract glycolic acid,which can inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The domestic waste produced by tuberculosis(TB)patients contains a large number of bacilli,and the incidence of transmission can be reduced by using glycolic acid to inhibit the growth of TB bacilli in the waste.