This paper realizes the hazards of chromium contamination and pollution caused in the use of chrome composite leather-clad(CCLC)rollers commonly used in cotton roller ginning industries and attempts to eliminate the c...This paper realizes the hazards of chromium contamination and pollution caused in the use of chrome composite leather-clad(CCLC)rollers commonly used in cotton roller ginning industries and attempts to eliminate the chromium contamination and pollution during this environmental impact assessment(EIA)process.The cotton roller ginning process is the mechanical separation of cotton fibres from their seeds by means of one or more rollers to which fibres adhere while the seeds are impeded and struck off or pulled loose.Most of the cotton ginning operations are done using roller gins.The CCLC roller coverings contain about 18,000 to 30,000 mg/kg(ppm)as total chromium of trivalent and hexavalent forms which are toxic to human health.When the seed-cotton is ginned,due to the persistent rubbing of CCLC rollers over the fixed knives,the cotton and its products get contaminated with the total chromium of trivalent and hexavalent forms.Gin mill workers are exposed to the cotton dust and chromium pollution and are susceptible to health hazards such as premature death,cancer,byssinosis,and ulcers in cotton ginning air environment since toxic effects are produced by prolonged contact with airborne or solid or liquid chromium compounds even in small quantities.Noise pollution of agricultural ginning machinery in seed-cotton ginning mills has been found out to be 102-103 dB(A)decibel levels.To offset this problem,pollution-free rubberized cotton fabric(RCF)eco-friendly rollers for both the laboratory and commercial studies have been designed,fabricated and used in experiments in rollers gins.This nullifies chromium contamination and pollution during the complete process.Cotton technological parameters are well proven for commercial acceptance.展开更多
The article describes the research process of ginning, conducted at the stand of the saw gin of the DP series. The analysis of the roll box of saw gins of different companies was carried out, given the results of stud...The article describes the research process of ginning, conducted at the stand of the saw gin of the DP series. The analysis of the roll box of saw gins of different companies was carried out, given the results of studies to determine the speed and density of the seed roll in the roll box of the saw gin. A diagram is given for the dependence of the speed of the feed rollers on the incoming signal.展开更多
The present study was conducted to analyze cotton cultivar and location differences in motes, and to determine the relationships among these and ginning outturn. Therefore, the seed cotton of five promising hybrids na...The present study was conducted to analyze cotton cultivar and location differences in motes, and to determine the relationships among these and ginning outturn. Therefore, the seed cotton of five promising hybrids namely;G.77 × Pima S6 and G.84 × (G.74 × G.68) growing in [Kafr El-Sheikh - Kafr El-Dawar - Etay El-Barood - Damietta], G.89 × Pima S6 growing in [El-Sharkia - El-Gharbiya - El-Dakahliya - El-Monofiya], G.83 × (G.75 × 5844) × G.80 and G.90 × Australian growing in [Sohag - El-Minia - Beni-Sueif - El-Faium] were used in this study. The results obtained indicate that the varieties exhibited different behavior responses to environmental conditions. On the whole, environmental factors associated with differences in place of growth, appeared to have much more influence on the number of motes than did varietal factors. Most of the locks for the promising hybrids at the different locations tend to cluster around the mean of 6 or 7 seeds per lock. There is a fairly marked tendency for the lock index, lint weight and lint percentage to decrease as the motes percentage increase. On the other hand, most of the promising hybrids under study tend to increase in the seed index as the motes percentage increase. However, the increasing in seed index as a result of the increasing in motes percentage for some cotton cultivars growing at different environments could be explain the difference in behavior for these cotton cultivars in lint percentage.展开更多
This article studied the principles of movements in the horizontal part of the newly constructed ginning camera, which is created by the authors, of the cotton particles. During the movement, the cotton particles get ...This article studied the principles of movements in the horizontal part of the newly constructed ginning camera, which is created by the authors, of the cotton particles. During the movement, the cotton particles get affected by pressing to various surface and forceful turbulent and horizontal movements of the surface. Some foreign mixtures and additional unnecessary objects get separated by the turbulence of the various surfaces and movement of the paneled stripes. Ginning efficiency and the quality of the cotton will be improved as the defects of the cotton particles are removed. “Cotton particle + net surface” movement principle of the Cartesian coordinate system was examined based on the rows of Cartesian coordinate system, by dividing all sides of the system by m weight and has the following second ordered multiple gender differential formula.展开更多
Theoretical and the experimental researches executed in Uzbekistan and abroad explored some ways of a substantiation of a rational profile of a tooth of a saw and its fibre capturing ability. Despite that, untill now,...Theoretical and the experimental researches executed in Uzbekistan and abroad explored some ways of a substantiation of a rational profile of a tooth of a saw and its fibre capturing ability. Despite that, untill now, optimum parameters of a saw gin which provides high quality ginning without harming the quality of cotton fibre have not been found. Considering the stated above in the given job the influence of the changed form of saw teeth on fibre-capturing area is examined. The analytical formulas for the additional area promoting to double the fibre capture quantity by saw teeth are received.展开更多
Technological progress consists of the development of improving techniques and technology. It occurs through the creation and implementation of new, more productive, economic and design-perfect machines, mechanisms, a...Technological progress consists of the development of improving techniques and technology. It occurs through the creation and implementation of new, more productive, economic and design-perfect machines, mechanisms, apparatus, devices, structures and the development of new technological processes. The direct process of technical progress lies in improving the instrument of labor, which is expressed mainly in increasing the power of the machine, the speed of its operation, improving and simplifying its design, in the transition to more advanced technical connections, as well as automating the control system of the main elements of automatic control systems, is a sensor giving information about the operating mode of technological machines.展开更多
背景与目的 肺癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤,大多数患者初次诊断时已发生转移,因此寻找肺癌新的诊断标志物并探索其在肺癌发生中的作用具有重要价值。基于生物信息数据探讨分析肺癌中GINS1基因与肺癌预后的相关性具有重要意义。方法 检索On...背景与目的 肺癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤,大多数患者初次诊断时已发生转移,因此寻找肺癌新的诊断标志物并探索其在肺癌发生中的作用具有重要价值。基于生物信息数据探讨分析肺癌中GINS1基因与肺癌预后的相关性具有重要意义。方法 检索Oncomine、EGPIA、TCGA、Human protein atlas等基因数据库,分析GINS1基因在肺癌中的表达差异。应用蛋白质免疫印记法检测肺癌及癌旁组织中GINS1蛋白的表达水平,应用Kaplan-Meier进行患者生存分析,并利用String-DB数据库分析GINS1蛋白相互作用网络。结果 对Oncomine、GEPIA和The Human Protein Atlas数据库中肺癌与癌旁组织蛋白表达数据进行差异性分析,发现GINS1蛋白在肺癌组织中显著高表达,特别以肺腺癌、肺鳞癌中表达明显增加;通过生存分析发现高表达GINS1肺腺癌患者生存期明显低于低表达者,高表达患者预后更差;利用String-DB数据库发现与GINS1蛋白关联最为密切的为GINS蛋白家族(GINS2、GINS3、GINS4),其次为CDC45、MCM蛋白家族(MCM2、MCM3、MCM4、MCM5、MCM6、MCM7),富集分析发现互作蛋白主要参与DNA复制和细胞周期。结论GINS1基因在肺癌组织中显著高表达,与患者预后相关,其有可能成为肺癌诊断及药物治疗的新靶点。展开更多
The global demand for textile products is rapidly increasing due to population growth,rising living standards,economic development,and fast fashion trends.Ethiopian growth and transformation plan(GTP)gives high priori...The global demand for textile products is rapidly increasing due to population growth,rising living standards,economic development,and fast fashion trends.Ethiopian growth and transformation plan(GTP)gives high priorities for the textile and apparel sectors to transform its agriculturally led economy to an industrial-based economy.To achieve this,the number of tex-tile and apparel industries is rapidly expanding.However,the rapid growth in textile industry is generating mountains and mountains of by-products.In this review,possible applications of cotton stalk and cotton ginning waste in a variety of technologies and products are discussed in Ethiopian context.The finding of this study shows that Ethiopian current cotton cultivating area is about 80000 hm^(2),even though the country has a potential of about 3000810 hm^(2) land for cotton cultivation.From the current cultivated area,more than 240000 t of cotton stalk and 9240 t of cotton ginning trash have been generated as a by-product.But only a very little portion of the cotton stalk is being used as a raw fuel for household purposes and a small portion of cotton ginning trash is used for animal feed.Therefore,these underutilized lignocellulosic biomasses can be used as raw materials for producing different high-value biomaterials and thus country can perceive an economic and environmental benefit.A closer look at the structure and composition of the by-products shows that the whole part of cotton stalk and ginning waste can be used as a source of cellulose which can be exploited for conversion into a number of high-value biomaterials.Thus,conversion of the waste into valuable products can make cotton stalk and ginning by-products an attractive raw material for the production of high value bio-products.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the role and influence of the GINS4 gene in breast cancer progression and to explore its expression in triple-negative and non-triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. Methods: Single-gene analy...Objective: To analyze the role and influence of the GINS4 gene in breast cancer progression and to explore its expression in triple-negative and non-triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. Methods: Single-gene analysis of GINS4 was performed by breast cancer RNA transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression of GINS4 in triple-negative and non-triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. The knockdown effects of GINS4 in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines on the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells were examined by cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) and Transwell assays. Results: Bioinformatics analysis showed that the expression of GINS4 in breast cancer was significantly higher than that in normal breast tissues (P > 0.05). At the same time, cell experiments confirmed that GINS4 was highly expressed in human breast cancer cell lines with normal breast cells as reference and in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines as reference, where the ability of proliferation and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells decreased after GINS4 knockdown. Conclusion: GINS4 is a gene associated with breast cancer malignancy, which can act as a novel tumor marker and has the potential as a new therapeutic target for breast cancer.展开更多
The purpose of this research is to improve the qualitative and quantitative indicators of fiber, lint and seeds by improving the technology of preparing cotton seeds for processing. The state of the seeds after the gi...The purpose of this research is to improve the qualitative and quantitative indicators of fiber, lint and seeds by improving the technology of preparing cotton seeds for processing. The state of the seeds after the gin was studied and their division into fractions according to the degree of pubescence was recommended, the probabilities of the seeds emerging from the gin with varying degrees of pubescence were investigated, the geometric sizes and shapes of cotton seeds were studied. It has been established that when seeds come out of gin, they have different pubescence. The conditional movement of seeds without separation from the surface has been determined;found a formula describing the movement of seeds without detaching from the surface;the movement of seeds in a micro-flight is determined;the sizes of the cells of the mesh surface were determined as a function of d_c, α and on the speed of seed movement. The aim of the research work is to increase the yield of cotton fiber by improving the processing technology of germinated seeds, to improve the quality indicators of seeds and lint. In order to achieve this goal, a mesh surface device was created to sort the seeds into fractions. Sorting technology was developed on this device and operating modes were determined. In addition, the law of surface distribution of the fractions separated from the cotton stream moving along the surface of the net was determined, and based on the results of practical and theoretical research, a mode of sorting of cotton seeds was developed.展开更多
In this article, the results of researches on the sorting of seeds in the cotton ginning enterprises were described. The main goal of the research work is to theoretically study the technology of separating various im...In this article, the results of researches on the sorting of seeds in the cotton ginning enterprises were described. The main goal of the research work is to theoretically study the technology of separating various impurities and immature seeds from the composition of seeds. As a result, the theoretical basis for increasing the efficiency of the sorting process is created.展开更多
It has been proven that the increase in the productivity of the gin machine necessarily occurs along with the increase in the density of the raw material. However, with increasing density, productivity increases up to...It has been proven that the increase in the productivity of the gin machine necessarily occurs along with the increase in the density of the raw material. However, with increasing density, productivity increases up to a certain limit, and then productivity begins to decrease. In this article, the authors analyzed the scientific work on improving the quality of fiber.展开更多
基金This manuscript has been adopted and modified from Iyer Vijayan Gurumurthy,2023,keynote abstract entitled“Environmental Impact Assessment of Cotton Ginning Agricultural Machinery”In abstract book of webinar entitled“International Meet on Agricultural Science and Technology”,participated in webinar on 14th August,2023(AN),organized by Albedo meetings(Let’s Reflect Knowledge),Hyderabad.https://www.albedomeetings.com/cms/pdfs/AGRIMEET2023_abstract_book.pdf,ResearchGate DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.35320.42241Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health Education and Research,pp.11-12 of AGRIMEET2023.
文摘This paper realizes the hazards of chromium contamination and pollution caused in the use of chrome composite leather-clad(CCLC)rollers commonly used in cotton roller ginning industries and attempts to eliminate the chromium contamination and pollution during this environmental impact assessment(EIA)process.The cotton roller ginning process is the mechanical separation of cotton fibres from their seeds by means of one or more rollers to which fibres adhere while the seeds are impeded and struck off or pulled loose.Most of the cotton ginning operations are done using roller gins.The CCLC roller coverings contain about 18,000 to 30,000 mg/kg(ppm)as total chromium of trivalent and hexavalent forms which are toxic to human health.When the seed-cotton is ginned,due to the persistent rubbing of CCLC rollers over the fixed knives,the cotton and its products get contaminated with the total chromium of trivalent and hexavalent forms.Gin mill workers are exposed to the cotton dust and chromium pollution and are susceptible to health hazards such as premature death,cancer,byssinosis,and ulcers in cotton ginning air environment since toxic effects are produced by prolonged contact with airborne or solid or liquid chromium compounds even in small quantities.Noise pollution of agricultural ginning machinery in seed-cotton ginning mills has been found out to be 102-103 dB(A)decibel levels.To offset this problem,pollution-free rubberized cotton fabric(RCF)eco-friendly rollers for both the laboratory and commercial studies have been designed,fabricated and used in experiments in rollers gins.This nullifies chromium contamination and pollution during the complete process.Cotton technological parameters are well proven for commercial acceptance.
文摘The article describes the research process of ginning, conducted at the stand of the saw gin of the DP series. The analysis of the roll box of saw gins of different companies was carried out, given the results of studies to determine the speed and density of the seed roll in the roll box of the saw gin. A diagram is given for the dependence of the speed of the feed rollers on the incoming signal.
文摘The present study was conducted to analyze cotton cultivar and location differences in motes, and to determine the relationships among these and ginning outturn. Therefore, the seed cotton of five promising hybrids namely;G.77 × Pima S6 and G.84 × (G.74 × G.68) growing in [Kafr El-Sheikh - Kafr El-Dawar - Etay El-Barood - Damietta], G.89 × Pima S6 growing in [El-Sharkia - El-Gharbiya - El-Dakahliya - El-Monofiya], G.83 × (G.75 × 5844) × G.80 and G.90 × Australian growing in [Sohag - El-Minia - Beni-Sueif - El-Faium] were used in this study. The results obtained indicate that the varieties exhibited different behavior responses to environmental conditions. On the whole, environmental factors associated with differences in place of growth, appeared to have much more influence on the number of motes than did varietal factors. Most of the locks for the promising hybrids at the different locations tend to cluster around the mean of 6 or 7 seeds per lock. There is a fairly marked tendency for the lock index, lint weight and lint percentage to decrease as the motes percentage increase. On the other hand, most of the promising hybrids under study tend to increase in the seed index as the motes percentage increase. However, the increasing in seed index as a result of the increasing in motes percentage for some cotton cultivars growing at different environments could be explain the difference in behavior for these cotton cultivars in lint percentage.
文摘This article studied the principles of movements in the horizontal part of the newly constructed ginning camera, which is created by the authors, of the cotton particles. During the movement, the cotton particles get affected by pressing to various surface and forceful turbulent and horizontal movements of the surface. Some foreign mixtures and additional unnecessary objects get separated by the turbulence of the various surfaces and movement of the paneled stripes. Ginning efficiency and the quality of the cotton will be improved as the defects of the cotton particles are removed. “Cotton particle + net surface” movement principle of the Cartesian coordinate system was examined based on the rows of Cartesian coordinate system, by dividing all sides of the system by m weight and has the following second ordered multiple gender differential formula.
文摘Theoretical and the experimental researches executed in Uzbekistan and abroad explored some ways of a substantiation of a rational profile of a tooth of a saw and its fibre capturing ability. Despite that, untill now, optimum parameters of a saw gin which provides high quality ginning without harming the quality of cotton fibre have not been found. Considering the stated above in the given job the influence of the changed form of saw teeth on fibre-capturing area is examined. The analytical formulas for the additional area promoting to double the fibre capture quantity by saw teeth are received.
文摘Technological progress consists of the development of improving techniques and technology. It occurs through the creation and implementation of new, more productive, economic and design-perfect machines, mechanisms, apparatus, devices, structures and the development of new technological processes. The direct process of technical progress lies in improving the instrument of labor, which is expressed mainly in increasing the power of the machine, the speed of its operation, improving and simplifying its design, in the transition to more advanced technical connections, as well as automating the control system of the main elements of automatic control systems, is a sensor giving information about the operating mode of technological machines.
文摘背景与目的 肺癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤,大多数患者初次诊断时已发生转移,因此寻找肺癌新的诊断标志物并探索其在肺癌发生中的作用具有重要价值。基于生物信息数据探讨分析肺癌中GINS1基因与肺癌预后的相关性具有重要意义。方法 检索Oncomine、EGPIA、TCGA、Human protein atlas等基因数据库,分析GINS1基因在肺癌中的表达差异。应用蛋白质免疫印记法检测肺癌及癌旁组织中GINS1蛋白的表达水平,应用Kaplan-Meier进行患者生存分析,并利用String-DB数据库分析GINS1蛋白相互作用网络。结果 对Oncomine、GEPIA和The Human Protein Atlas数据库中肺癌与癌旁组织蛋白表达数据进行差异性分析,发现GINS1蛋白在肺癌组织中显著高表达,特别以肺腺癌、肺鳞癌中表达明显增加;通过生存分析发现高表达GINS1肺腺癌患者生存期明显低于低表达者,高表达患者预后更差;利用String-DB数据库发现与GINS1蛋白关联最为密切的为GINS蛋白家族(GINS2、GINS3、GINS4),其次为CDC45、MCM蛋白家族(MCM2、MCM3、MCM4、MCM5、MCM6、MCM7),富集分析发现互作蛋白主要参与DNA复制和细胞周期。结论GINS1基因在肺癌组织中显著高表达,与患者预后相关,其有可能成为肺癌诊断及药物治疗的新靶点。
基金acknowledge the Higher Education and TVET program Ethiopia-Phase 3,PE479-Higher Education,KFW project(No.51235)and BMZ(No.201166305)for the financial support of this research.
文摘The global demand for textile products is rapidly increasing due to population growth,rising living standards,economic development,and fast fashion trends.Ethiopian growth and transformation plan(GTP)gives high priorities for the textile and apparel sectors to transform its agriculturally led economy to an industrial-based economy.To achieve this,the number of tex-tile and apparel industries is rapidly expanding.However,the rapid growth in textile industry is generating mountains and mountains of by-products.In this review,possible applications of cotton stalk and cotton ginning waste in a variety of technologies and products are discussed in Ethiopian context.The finding of this study shows that Ethiopian current cotton cultivating area is about 80000 hm^(2),even though the country has a potential of about 3000810 hm^(2) land for cotton cultivation.From the current cultivated area,more than 240000 t of cotton stalk and 9240 t of cotton ginning trash have been generated as a by-product.But only a very little portion of the cotton stalk is being used as a raw fuel for household purposes and a small portion of cotton ginning trash is used for animal feed.Therefore,these underutilized lignocellulosic biomasses can be used as raw materials for producing different high-value biomaterials and thus country can perceive an economic and environmental benefit.A closer look at the structure and composition of the by-products shows that the whole part of cotton stalk and ginning waste can be used as a source of cellulose which can be exploited for conversion into a number of high-value biomaterials.Thus,conversion of the waste into valuable products can make cotton stalk and ginning by-products an attractive raw material for the production of high value bio-products.
文摘Objective: To analyze the role and influence of the GINS4 gene in breast cancer progression and to explore its expression in triple-negative and non-triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. Methods: Single-gene analysis of GINS4 was performed by breast cancer RNA transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression of GINS4 in triple-negative and non-triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. The knockdown effects of GINS4 in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines on the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells were examined by cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) and Transwell assays. Results: Bioinformatics analysis showed that the expression of GINS4 in breast cancer was significantly higher than that in normal breast tissues (P > 0.05). At the same time, cell experiments confirmed that GINS4 was highly expressed in human breast cancer cell lines with normal breast cells as reference and in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines as reference, where the ability of proliferation and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells decreased after GINS4 knockdown. Conclusion: GINS4 is a gene associated with breast cancer malignancy, which can act as a novel tumor marker and has the potential as a new therapeutic target for breast cancer.
文摘目的 筛选卵巢癌预后不良的分子生物学标志。方法 从GEO数据库获得卵巢癌GSE14001、GSE14407数据集,用在线分析工具GEO2R、Venn筛选得到卵巢癌和正常卵巢组织差异表达基因(DEGs),对DEGs进行富集分析,构建蛋白互作网络(PPI),以及构建网络模块得到关键基因,利用Kaplan Meier plotter网站分析关键基因与卵巢癌患者总生存期之间关系,应用GEPIA数据库分析DEGs在卵巢和卵巢癌组织中表达,应用The Human Protein Atlas数据库获取筛选基因的免疫组化结果,对比它们在卵巢和卵巢癌组织间的表达差异。结果 得到211个DEGs,92个上调和119个下调。差异基因生物学过程主要涉及侧枝发芽的正向调控、乏氧反应、间充质-上皮细胞信号传导;细胞组分主要集中在质膜顶、细胞表面、细胞外外泌体等部位;分子功能主要涉及丝氨酸型内肽酶活性、金属内肽酶活性、受体活性等;信号通路富集于白细胞跨内皮细胞迁移、细胞黏附通路、癌症通路等信号通路。得到35个候选基因,其中14个基因高表达、8个基因低表达与患者总生存期相关(P<0.05)。其中ATP6V1F、GINS1、GINS4基因在卵巢癌组织中在RNA水平和蛋白质水平表达均高于正常组织(P<0.05)。GNB3在卵巢癌组织中RNA水平表达低于正常组织,而在蛋白质水平恰好相反(P<0.05)。结论 ATP6V1F、GINS1、GINS4有可能是卵巢癌预后不良的新分子标志物。
文摘The purpose of this research is to improve the qualitative and quantitative indicators of fiber, lint and seeds by improving the technology of preparing cotton seeds for processing. The state of the seeds after the gin was studied and their division into fractions according to the degree of pubescence was recommended, the probabilities of the seeds emerging from the gin with varying degrees of pubescence were investigated, the geometric sizes and shapes of cotton seeds were studied. It has been established that when seeds come out of gin, they have different pubescence. The conditional movement of seeds without separation from the surface has been determined;found a formula describing the movement of seeds without detaching from the surface;the movement of seeds in a micro-flight is determined;the sizes of the cells of the mesh surface were determined as a function of d_c, α and on the speed of seed movement. The aim of the research work is to increase the yield of cotton fiber by improving the processing technology of germinated seeds, to improve the quality indicators of seeds and lint. In order to achieve this goal, a mesh surface device was created to sort the seeds into fractions. Sorting technology was developed on this device and operating modes were determined. In addition, the law of surface distribution of the fractions separated from the cotton stream moving along the surface of the net was determined, and based on the results of practical and theoretical research, a mode of sorting of cotton seeds was developed.
文摘In this article, the results of researches on the sorting of seeds in the cotton ginning enterprises were described. The main goal of the research work is to theoretically study the technology of separating various impurities and immature seeds from the composition of seeds. As a result, the theoretical basis for increasing the efficiency of the sorting process is created.
文摘It has been proven that the increase in the productivity of the gin machine necessarily occurs along with the increase in the density of the raw material. However, with increasing density, productivity increases up to a certain limit, and then productivity begins to decrease. In this article, the authors analyzed the scientific work on improving the quality of fiber.