Oral Mucosa Graft Glanuloplasty—Ten Years in Retrospect

Penile glans amputation is a tragic complication of circumcision. Beyond the psychological trauma parents go through, they have to deal with the lower urinary tract symptoms including acute urine retention their baby boys suffer due to meatal stenosis from the scaring process that ensues. We report on the cosmetic and functional outcomes in two patients ten years after neo-glans reconstruction following total glans amputation as a complication of circumcision and discuss the lessons learned over the period.

5GLAN在5G专网中的优化应用

在通信技术高速发展的背景下,5GLAN技术同样呈现出快速发展的趋势,该技术通过5G接入,可以提供LAN,VPN等类型的功能服务。自该技术诞生以来,就受到了各领域的广泛关注,尤其是在工业、交通等领域中,基于5GLAN等场景的应用,可以有效实现灵活组网、内外网融合、安全管理等目标,为LAN内5G终端互通、终端隔离等提供灵活的通信服务。基于此,文中阐述了5GLAN的特点及优势,并分析了其在5G专网中的优化应用要点。

Glan-Thompson棱镜高性能宽带减反射膜的研制及性能测试

Glan-Thompson棱镜在光学领域有着重要的应用,透过比的高低和有效带宽的大小,直接影响着棱镜的品质.为了提高棱镜的透过比,拓宽有效使用带宽,借助于计算机辅助设计方法,设计了高性能多层减反射膜系;选用合适的光学薄膜材料,利用电子束蒸镀,借助于离子源辅助蒸镀,制作了高性能的宽带减反射膜.测试结果表明:平均剩余反射率小于0.5%,有效使用带宽在可见光区大于100 nm,在近红外大于200nm,达到了设计要求,提升了棱镜的品质.

可见光波段及1064nm波长处用于Glan-Taylor棱镜减反射膜

为了提高Glan-Taylor棱镜的透射率,研究了Glan-Taylor棱镜在可见光波段及1064nm波长处减反射膜膜的设计和制备.为提高薄膜和冰洲石晶体的附着力,采用沉积Al2O3为过渡层,ZrO2作缓冲层的方法,用单纯形优化的方法进行膜系优化设计.用电子束沉积和离子束辅助沉积的方法制备了多层减反射膜,并采用石英晶体振荡法监控膜厚和沉积速率.测量结果表明,在可见光波段及1064nm波长处的剩余反射率均小于0.5%经测试薄膜与冰洲石晶体的附着力性能良好.

Glan-Taylor棱镜和Marple-Hess棱镜透射比的入射角效应

为了清楚地了解Glan—Taylor棱镜和Marple—Hess棱镜的透射比随入射角变化的规律，利用折射率公式和菲涅耳公式分别导出了入射角对Glan-Taylor棱镜和Marple—Hess棱镜透射比影响的关系式；作出了理论曲线；同时利用偏振光实验平台对两种棱镜透射比的入射角效应进行了实验测试。结果表明，实验和理论曲线的变化规律是一致的；在不考虑干涉的情况下，当入射角在-2°-2°范围内变化时，Glan-Taylor棱镜的透射比随入射角的变化呈递减趋势，且变化较大；而Marple-Hess棱镜的透射比却是先增大后减小，曲线大致以θ=0°为对称轴呈对称分布，而且透射比随入射角的变化较小，其原因是在Marple-Hess棱镜的两个胶合面上，入射角对反射比的影响效果是反向的。

晶体光轴的不平行对Glan-Taylor棱镜性能的影响

分析了Glan_Taylor棱镜两部分晶体光轴的不平行对棱镜性能的影响 .结果表明 :晶体光轴的纵向不平行会对出射光束的偏离角产生影响 ;晶体光轴的横向不平行会对棱镜的消光比产生一定影响 .

蒙药地格达-4味汤对D-GlaN、TAA所致小鼠急性肝损伤的实验研究

目的：观察地格达-4味汤对D-半乳糖胺（D—GLEN）、硫代乙酰胺（TAA）所致小鼠肝损伤的防治作用。方法：以护肝片作阳性对照，用不同肝毒剂造成小鼠急性肝损伤模型，分别测定动物血清相关指标，用t检验法比较各组间差异。结果：地格达-4味汤组可降低因D—GlaN所致肝损伤小鼠的ALT及AST（P〈0．05）；明显降低因TAA所致肝损伤小鼠的ALT及AST（P〈0．01）。结论：地格达-4味汤对以上不同肝损伤模型，有一定的防治作用，为该药的功效及应用提供了实验依据。

Glan-Taylor棱镜的加工与镀膜工艺研究

介绍了双折射晶体方解石的加工工艺过程,包括对双折射方解石晶体进行定向、切割、研磨、抛光、消光比的测定等。为了增加Glan-Taylor棱镜的透过率,对所制成的Glan-Taylor棱镜进行镀膜加工,利用电子束蒸发方法镀制了非晶态增透膜,并对棱镜的光透过性质和涂膜层牢固度进行了表征。结果显示镀有非晶态增透膜MgF2的样品在可见光谱范围内比未镀MgF2的样品有更高的透过率,并且膜层牢固。

Glan-Taylor棱镜端面增透膜的研制

为了提高Glan-Taylor棱镜的透射率,改善其使用性能,研究了Glan-Taylor棱镜增透膜的设计、制备及测试·经过多次工艺实验选择了膜料并找到了合适的蒸镀条件,较好的解决了膜层与冰洲石晶体的附着力,用膜系软件进行了优化设计,并利用电子束蒸发方法实际制备了设计的膜系.最后利用岛津UV3101分光光度计测试了棱镜端面增透膜的反射光谱特性,测量结果表明镀膜以后在设计的光谱区域内端面的反射率均小于0.4%,并且膜层牢固·

Chemical profiling and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.,Curcuma glans K.Larsen&J.Mood and Curcuma cf.xanthorrhiza Roxb.collected in Thailand

Objective: To investigate chemical constituents and new antimicrobial agents among essential oils from the rhizomes of Curcuma aeruginosa(C. aeruginosa) Roxb., Curcuma glans K. Larsen & J. Mood and Curcuma cf. xanthorrhiza Roxb.Methods: The essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Agar-well diffusion assay was used to study the antimicrobial activity and also broth-micro dilution techniques were examined for minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) against four bacterial strains and yeast.Results: The gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analysis showed monoterpenes predominantly(88.53%) in the rhizome oil of Curcuma cf. xanthorrhiza. Sesquiterpenes(50.10%) was the most abundant component in the essential oil of C. glans, while monoterpenes(45.55%) and sesquiterpenes(45.81%) were found in C. aeruginosa with a significant amount. The major components of C. aeruginosa were characterized as camphor(29.39%) and germacrone(21.21%). Germacrone(15.76%), b-pinene(9.97%)and camphor(9.96%) were found as major compounds in the rhizome oils of C. glans while a-terpinolene(24.86%) and p-cymen-7-ol(12.17%) were found as major compositions in Curcuma cf. xanthorrhiza. The essential oils were tested against four bacterial strains and yeast. As a result, the rhizome oil of C. aeruginosa exhibited potent activity against Staphylococcus aureus [inhibition zone(21.94 ± 0.24) mm, MIC 125 μg/mL],Bacillus cereus [inhibition zone(20.83 ± 0.36) mm, MIC 125 μg/mL], and Candida albicans [inhibition zone(11.60 ± 0.30) mm, MIC 250 μg/mL].Conclusions: The essential oils from three Curcuma species possessed greater activity against the gram-positive bacteria(Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) than gram-negative bacteria(Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The results suggest that the essential oils from the fresh rhizome of Curcuma spp. might be a potential source of natural antimicrobial substances.

Ischemic glans penis after circumcision

A 33-year-old male receiving dorsal penile nerve block (DPNB) for circumcision exhibited a postoperative ischemic change over the glans penis. The event occurred nearly 24 hours after the procedure. The patient was treated with intravenous pentoxifyllin and hyperbaric oxygenation. Total reverse of the ischemia was observed. The complications associated with circumcision and DPNB were reviewed and discussed.

The Use of Bovine Collagen and Skin Graft for Reconstruction of the Glans Penis Following Cancer Resection

Penile reconstruction following cancer resection has long been a challenge due to demand for both aesthetic and functional preservation. Although various methods have attempted to achieve both goals, none have succeeded entirely. In this report, we introduce a novel reconstructive technique on a 64-year-old patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the glans penis. The technique consisted of two staged procedures. First, a dermal substitute, consisting of bovine collagen, was sutured onto the defect after partial glansectomy and three weeks later, the integrated dermis was covered with autologous non-meshed partial thickness skin graft. Use of this dermal substitute in a staged fashion allowed for ability to await final pathologic margins prior to definitive reconstruction and increased dermal thickness. After 9-month follow-up, sexual function returned within 3 months and the patient remained healed. We found this technique to be useful in concurrently preserving penile function and cosmesis. Future studies should include more patients and longer follow-up.

Glans ischemia after circumcision in children:Two case reports

Circumcision refers to the removal of the skin covering the tip of the penis and is one of the most common surgical procedures performed in childhood.Even though circumcision is a well-standardized operation,several minor and major complications may be experienced by paediatric surgeons.Glans ischemia(GI)has been widely reported in the paediatric literature as a complication following circumcision.Nonetheless,etiopathogenesis of GI is not well defined and management guidelines are lacking.CASE SUMMARY We describe our experience with this rare and scary complication using subcutaneous enoxaparin alone or in association with a topical vasodilator.CONCLUSION Hypothetical causes and different management strategies are discussed.

Spongiosum-combined glanuloplasty reduces glans complications after proximal hypospadias repair

We aim to design a new glanuloplasty procedure combined with spongiosum to reduce the incidence of glans dehiscence and coronal fistula after proximal hypospadias repair.Patients who underwent urethroplasty by dorsal preputial island flap for proximal hypospadias between January 2014 and December 2016 were reviewed in this retrospective cohort study.Those who underwent spongiosum-combined glanuloplasty comprised the new-maneuver group,whereas those who underwent conventional glanuloplasty comprised the control group.The incidence of complications was then compared.In the new-maneuver group,dysplastic corpus spongiosum alongside lateral Buck's fascia(0.3-0.4 cm wide)on both sides of the urethral plate was separated from the proximal normal spongy tissue,joining into the glans wings to increase tissue volume and covering the neourethra in the glans penis.In the control group,the neourethra was covered with superficial fascia under the coronal sulcus.As a result,the new-maneuver and control groups comprised 47 and 28 patients,respectively.In the new-maneuver group,no glans dehiscence was detected;however,two(4.3%)patients had coronal fistula,two(4.3%)had urethral stricture,and four(8.5%)had diverticulum.In the control group,two(7.1%)patients had glans dehiscence,eight(28.6%)had coronal fistula,four(14.3%)had urethral stricture,one(3.6%)had diverticulum,and one(3.6%)had penile curvature recurrence.The new-maneuver group had less incidences of coronal fistula(P<0.001),glans dehiscence(P=0.033),and urethral stricture(P=0.008)but had a higher incidence of diverticulum than the control group(P=0.040).It clearly demonstrates that spongiosum-combined glanuloplasty can significantly reduce the incidences of coronal fistula and glans dehisce.

蒙药肋柱花水提物对D-GlaN和CCl_4致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用研究

目的:研究蒙药肋柱花水提物对D-氨基半乳糖胺(D-Gla N)和四氯化碳(CCl_4)致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:取60只小鼠随机分为正常(生理盐水)组、D-Gla N模型(生理盐水)组、阳性对照(葵花护肝片,0.56 g/kg)组和肋柱花水提物高、中、低剂量[3、1.5、0.75 g(生药)/kg]组,每组10只,ig给药,qd,连续23 d;末次给药30 min后,除正常组外,其余各组小鼠ip D-Gla N复制急性肝损伤模型。检测小鼠血清中天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性和胆碱酯酶(CHE)含量,计算肝脏指数,对肝组织病理形态进行观察并评分。另取60只小鼠,除造模方法(ig 0.1%CCl_4)不同外,按相同分组、给药及指标检测方法进行实验。结果:与正常组比较,两种模型组小鼠肝细胞明显坏死或变性,病理评分升高;血清中AST、ALT、ALP活性升高,CHE含量减少;且D-Gla N模型组肝脏指数升高、CCl_4模型组肝脏指数降低(P<0.05)。与D-Gla N模型组比较,肋柱花水提物各剂量组小鼠血清AST、ALT、ALP活性及肝脏指数降低,CHE含量增加(P<0.05);肝组织病理形态改善,评分降低。与CCl_4模型组比较,肋柱花水提物低剂量组小鼠血清ALT活性降低、CHE含量增加,肝脏指数升高;肋柱花水提物中剂量组小鼠血清CHE含量减少,肝脏指数升高;肋柱花水提物高剂量组小鼠血清AST、ALT、ALP活性降低,CHE含量增加(P<0.05)。肋柱花水提物各剂量组小鼠肝组织病理形态都得到一定改善,评分降低。结论:肋柱花水提物对D-Gla N或CCl_4致小鼠急性肝损伤有一定保护作用。

Application of the Mathieu combined tunnel technique for repairing glans dehiscence after failed hypospadias repair

Repairing glans dehiscence after failed hypospadias repair is challenging for pediatric surgeons.Here,we introduced and evaluated a newly modified Mathieu technique,Mathieu combined tunnel(MCT),which involves multiple custom-designed flaps for the shortage of flap source material after repeated operations;we also constructed a tunnel to avoid the glans incision that may carry new risks of dehiscence.This retrospective study included 26 patients who were consecutively admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University(Guangzhou,China)for glans dehiscence repair after failed hypospadias repair from October 2014 to October 2020;sixteen patients underwent surgery using the MCT(MCT group)and ten patients underwent surgery using the tubularized incised plate(TIP)technique(TIP group).The operative time,blood loss,postoperative complications,normal urethral meatus rate,success rate,and Hypospadias Objective Penile Evaluation(HOPE)score were compared between the two groups.The MCT group achieved an overall satisfactory penile appearance and voiding function,with a higher rate of normal urethral meatus(15/16,93.8%)and a lower rate of glans dehiscence(1/16,6.2%),compared with the TIP group(70.0%and 30.0%,respectively).However,these differences were not statistically significant,possibly because of the limited number of patients(all P>0.05).Mean postoperative HOPE scores were similar in the MCT group(mean±standard deviation:8.83±0.89)and TIP group(8.94±0.57)(P>0.05).No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of blood loss and success rate,nor in the rates of various complications(e.g.,fistula,urethral stricture,and glans dehiscence).In conclusion,the MCT technique appears to be feasible and reliable for repairing glans dehiscence after failed hypospadias repair.

经阴茎头隧道带蒂阴茎皮瓣扩大尿道成形治疗阴茎头尿道狭窄的临床效果

目的探讨阴茎头隧道技术联合带蒂阴茎皮瓣扩大尿道成形术治疗阴茎头尿道狭窄的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2023年1月至2024年1月就诊于上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院泌尿外科的21例阴茎头尿道狭窄患者的临床资料,21例患者均为医源性狭窄(包括前列腺增生手术、经尿道膀胱病损切除术、导尿)。其中,尿道口狭窄9例,舟状窝狭窄12例。术前患者中位狭窄长度为2.00(2.00,3.00)cm,手术前后常规评估最大尿流率(_(max)imum flow rate,Q_(max))、国际前列腺症状评分(International Prostate Symptom Score,IPSS)、国际勃起功能问卷评分(International Index of Erectile Function-5,IIEF-5)。结果术后平均随访时间(8.24±2.17)个月,术后Q_(max)、IPSS分别为为21.00(19.00,26.00)ml/s、(6.86±2.29)分,高于术前6.00(4.50,8.00)ml/s、(17.24±5.68)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);术后IIEF-5为21.00(10.00,22.50)分,与术前21.00(9.00,22.50)分相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.30)。术后21例患者均无狭窄复发,阴茎头裂开,尿瘘,伤口感染、缺血坏死。结论对于尿道口及舟状窝狭窄患者,保留阴茎头完整性的阴茎头隧道阴茎皮瓣扩大尿道成形术,可实现功能与美观的统一,是疗效相对确切的方法。

Efficacy and safety of newly developed cross-linked dextran gel injection for glans penis augmentation with a novel technique

There is no safe and effective standard method for glans penis augmentation. Furthermore, there has been scant research on glans penis augmentation due to a poor understanding of glans anatomy, technical difficulty, and a lack of suitable substances for augmentation. Cross-linked dextran gel is a newly developed filler for soft-tissue augmentation. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of using a novel technique to inject cross-linked dextran gel for glans penis augmentation during a 24-week follow-up study. This prospective, single-arm, multicenter study enrolled twenty healthy adult men who underwent glans penis augmentation between June and August 2013. Cross-linked dextran gel was injected into the glans penis using a simple and easy technique. The sizes of the glans penis and individual satisfaction were assessed. Any adverse event was also reported. A total of 18 individuals were analyzed; two of them were lost to follow-up. The mean procedure time and injected volume were about 30 rain and 6.6 ＋- 0.9 ml, respectively. The mean surface areas of the glans at baseline and 24 weeks were 20.0 _＋ 3.5 cm2 and 33.6 -＋ 5.4 cm2, respectively, representing a mean increase of 68.7% _＋ 14.0% （P 〈 0.001）. Sixteen individuals （88.9%） were satisfied with the outcomes, and none were dissatisfied. There were no serious adverse events during the study. Cross-linked dextran gel injection for glans penis augmentation was easy and showed a significant augmentative effect on the glans penis, good durability, and was well tolerated without serious adverse events. Therefore, cross-linked dextran gel injection may be an effective, new technique for glans penis augmentation.

Complications of Circumcision: Epidemiological, Anatomo-Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects

Circumcision refers, in its most widespread form, to the total or partial removal of the foreskin, leaving the glans exposed. It is a ritual practice imposed by Mosaic law for Israelites, a tradition for Muslims, a rite of passage to adulthood for many people of Africa and the East. Circumcision is also a widely used therapeutic surgical procedure for a number of balanopreputial affections. The aim of this study was to list cases of circumcision complications received in a urological hospital (CHR Saint Louis) and to analyze their epidemiological, anatomo-clinical and therapeutic aspects. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive study of circumcision complications, carried out in the urology department of the Saint Louis regional hospital in Senegal over a 5-year period (January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017). Results: Thirty-three (33) complications of circumcision were collated. The mean age of patients was 7.63 years [9 months - 16 years]. Duration of time for Consultation varied according to the type of complication, with an average of 1.6 years [1 day - 10 years]. Penile granuloma accounted for 36.3% of the complications (n = 12), local infection for 30.3% (n = 10) and urethro-cutaneous fistula for 18.2% (n = 6). For six patients with urethro-cutaneous fistula, we performed urethro-cutaneous splitting in 5 patients, while the same complication necessitated urethroplasty in another patient. We noted five cases of verge plasty for verge granuloma, one glan reimplantation and one glan plasty for the two patients with glans amputation. Conclusion: Circumcision is a medical procedure widely practised throughout the world for medical, cultural and aesthetic reasons. In Africa, the lack of health coverage and the shortage of doctors explain why this surgical procedure is so common. In Senegal, circumcision is still carried out in the majority of cases by paramedical staff, which explains the high rate of complications.

后5G时代边缘计算与垂直行业的融合

在后5G时代,随着5GLAN、URLLC、REDCAP、LPHAP等新技术的发展和3GPP R17协议的实施,移动通信技术为边缘计算带来了新的可能性。本文深度探讨了后5G与边缘计算在垂直行业,如医疗、制造业、物流和农业等传统行业的融合,以及可能的影响。基于理论分析揭示了边缘计算通过实时性、个性化和数据安全性等优势,能优化行业流程、提高生产效率。同时指出并探讨了边缘计算可能面临的挑战如安全性、数据处理等,并提出解决策略。总体来说,后5G与边缘计算的融合预计将深刻影响垂直行业,带来生产力发展新的机遇和挑战。