‘Partly'globalized networks and driving mechanism in resource-based state-owned enterprises:A case study of J Group

In the context of economic globalization,while multinational enterprises from developed countries occupy a high-end position in the global value chain,enterprises from developing countries are often marginalized in the world market.In China,resource-based state-owned enterprises(SOEs)are tasked with the mission of safeguarding resource security,and their internationalization development ideas and strategic deployment are significantly and fundamentally different from those of other non-state-owned enterprises and large multinational corporations.This study provides ideas for the globalization policies of enterprises in developing countries.We consider J Group in western China as a case and discuss its productive investment and global production network development from 2010 to 2019.We found that J Group was‘Partly'globalized,and there are multiple core nodes with the characteristics of centralized and decentralized coexistence in the production network;in addition,the overall layout centre shifted to Southeast Asia and China;however,its global production was restricted by the enterprise's investment security considerations,support and restrictions of the home country,political security risk of the host country,and sanctions from the West.These findings provide insights for future research:under the wave of anti-globalization and'internal circulation as the main body',resource SOEs should consider the potential risk of investment,especially keeping the middle and downstream industrial chain in China as much as possible.

GDI and GSI: China’s New Propositions for Global Governance

In the post-pandemic era,the global economic and security landscapes are fraught with complexities and uncertainties.Among them,four risk flashpoints merit attention:Certain countries are raising interest rates to subdue inflation,despite their already high levels of debt;the bulk commodities market is experiencing volatility,leading to global turbulence and change;trade protectionism is at the forefront of major-power rivalry in political and economic spheres;and regional security crises are compounding international tensions.Behind those flashpoints are contradictions that obstruct world peace and progress,including development imbalances,governance gaps,and structural tensions in global security.In the face of uncertainties,it is crucial for China to seize strategic opportunities and transform crises into favorable situations.China has launched the Global Development Initiative(GDI)and the Global Security Initiative(GSI)to contribute to global prosperity and security.The two initiatives demonstrate China’s commitment to addressing global deficits in peace,development,security,and governance.

El Niño and the AMO Sparked the Astonishingly Large Margin of Warming in the Global Mean Surface Temperature in 2023

In 2023,the majority of the Earth witnessed its warmest boreal summer and autumn since 1850.Whether 2023 will indeed turn out to be the warmest year on record and what caused the astonishingly large margin of warming has become one of the hottest topics in the scientific community and is closely connected to the future development of human society.We analyzed the monthly varying global mean surface temperature(GMST)in 2023 and found that the globe,the land,and the oceans in 2023 all exhibit extraordinary warming,which is distinct from any previous year in recorded history.Based on the GMST statistical ensemble prediction model developed at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics,the GMST in 2023 is predicted to be 1.41℃±0.07℃,which will certainly surpass that in 2016 as the warmest year since 1850,and is approaching the 1.5℃ global warming threshold.Compared to 2022,the GMST in 2023 will increase by 0.24℃,with 88%of the increment contributed by the annual variability as mostly affected by El Niño.Moreover,the multidecadal variability related to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO)in 2023 also provided an important warming background for sparking the GMST rise.As a result,the GMST in 2023 is projected to be 1.15℃±0.07℃,with only a 0.02℃ increment,if the effects of natural variability—including El Niño and the AMO—are eliminated and only the global warming trend is considered.

Oruxmaps软件结合Global Mapper软件在矿产资源行业并购中的应用

纸质地质图结合手持GPS,采用手工方式野外记录的传统地质调查工作方式已不能适应数字化和信息化的要求,在矿产资源并购项目中,运用Oruxmaps、Global Mapper等软件,可以制作适应地质调查工作所特需的离线地质图,实现地质图、GPS定位、路线轨迹记录、文字记录、影像记录等的有机结合,形成了一套行之有效的工作流程,极大地提高了路线地质调查工作的质量和效率。

A Universally Beneficial and Inclusive Economic Globalization:Connotations,Logical Basis and Contemporary Relevance

The world is undergoing seismic upheavals unseen in a century.Globalization faces complex challenges and attacks from the political forces advocating reverse globalization and deglobalization.Pessimistic arguments such as“the end of globalization”1 and“global trade fragmentation”2 keep rising.The open world economy is at a crossroads.

Cumulative Tariff Cost Rate and Structure in the Global Value Chain:A Theoretical and Empirical Study

This paper constructs a more unified measurement framework from the perspective of the Leontief inverse matrix and Ghosh inverse matrix(Ghosh).At the same time,referring to the four-term decomposition method of Leontief inverse matrix in Muradov(2016),this paper analyzes the structural decomposition of the cumulative tariff cost rate.Results show that(1)Overall,from 2000 to 2017,China's cumulative tariff cost rate,direct tariff cost rate,and multi-stage tariff cost rate all showed a downward trend,and the decline was greater than that of other countries(regions).China has strictly fulflled its WTO accession commitments and has greatly reduced the tariff rate on imported intermediate goods.(2)With China's deep participation in the global value chain,the amplification effect of China's tariffs has increased from 2.57 in 2000 to 3.17 in 2017,and there is a certain degree of"amplification effect"(above 1.5)in tariffs in all countries in the world.(3)From the perspective of the contribution rate of various countries in the world,China contributes the most to the global cumulative tariff cost rate,which is due to the complexity of the global production network structure,rather than the excessively high tariff rate imposed by China on imported intermediate goods.In terms of policy implications,if China did not take the initiative to reduce tariffs,the structural changes in the global production network would lead to a larger global cumulative tariff cost rate.

Global Mapper在水库库容计算及淤积分析中的应用研究

基于快捷精准计算水库库容,并与原始库容对比分析库容淤积的目的,使用Global Mapper软件的库容计算和DEM叠加分析功能,通过水库库容复核工程实例进行应用试验,结果表明使用Global Mapper计算库容的结果精度与等高线法的库容结果相当,计算高效、结果可靠,DEM叠加分析成果可以直观展示库容淤积分布,有助于为管理单位冲淤冲沙提供决策。

Global and International Security Under Spatial Grasp Paradigm

Global and international security cannot be provided from a single point or a set of separate points whatever powerful these might be(even with quantum supercomputers!).It should rather be deeply embedded and integrated with bodies of real systems wherever in physical,virtual,or combined spaces they may exist.So global security capabilities should not only be distributed,but rather be really spatial,self-organized,and dynamic,also exhibiting overall integrity,awareness,and consciousness features.The paper describes applicability of the patented and revealed in 10 books Spatial Grasp Model and Technology(SGT)and its basic Spatial Grasp Language(SGL)which conceptually and functionally match security problems of large distributed and heterogeneous systems.It investigates very practical security solutions for finding and tracing distribution of forbidden items,world roaming criminals,recovery from natural and human-made disasters,tracing and elimination of moving dangerous objects in terrestrial and celestial spaces,as well as analysis and restoration of damaged transport networks.It advises how different security infrastructures can be organized and managed,and how to cooperate and integrate within global security systems with higher awareness and consciousness levels over them.The provided security-oriented version of SGL can be quickly implemented and integrated with existing distributed management and security systems.

Record-breaking High-temperature Outlook for 2023: An Assessment Based on the China Global Merged Temperature(CMST) Dataset

According to the latest version(version 2.0) of the China global Merged Surface Temperature(CMST2.0) dataset, the global mean surface temperature(GMST) in the first half of 2023 reached its third warmest value since the period of instrumental observation began, being only slightly lower than the values recorded in 2016 and 2020, and historically record-breaking GMST emerged from May to July 2023. Further analysis also indicates that if the surface temperature in the last five months of 2023 approaches the average level of the past five years, the annual average surface temperature anomaly in 2023 of approximately 1.26°C will break the previous highest surface temperature, which was recorded in 2016of approximately 1.25°C(both values relative to the global pre-industrialization period, i.e., the average value from 1850 to1900). With El Ni?o triggering a record-breaking hottest July, record-breaking average annual temperatures will most likely become a reality in 2023.

Global hybrid simulations of soft X-ray emissions in the Earth’s magnetosheath

Earth’s magnetopause is a thin boundary separating the shocked solar wind plasma from the magnetospheric plasmas,and it is also the boundary of the solar wind energy transport to the magnetosphere.Soft X-ray imaging allows investigation of the large-scale magnetopause by providing a two-dimensional(2-D)global view from a satellite.By performing 3-D global hybrid-particle-in-cell(hybrid-PIC)simulations,we obtain soft X-ray images of Earth’s magnetopause under different solar wind conditions,such as different plasma densities and directions of the southward interplanetary magnetic field.In all cases,magnetic reconnection occurs at low latitude magnetopause.The soft X-ray images observed by a hypothetical satellite are shown,with all of the following identified:the boundary of the magnetopause,the cusps,and the magnetosheath.Local X-ray emissivity in the magnetosheath is characterized by large amplitude fluctuations(up to 160%);however,the maximum line-of-sight-integrated X-ray intensity matches the tangent directions of the magnetopause well,indicating that these fluctuations have limited impact on identifying the magnetopause boundary in the X-ray images.Moreover,the magnetopause boundary can be identified using multiple viewing geometries.We also find that solar wind conditions have little effect on the magnetopause identification.The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission will provide X-ray images of the magnetopause for the first time,and our global hybrid-PIC simulation results can help better understand the 2-D X-ray images of the magnetopause from a 3-D perspective,with particle kinetic effects considered.

GLOBAL SOLUTIONS TO 1D COMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES/ALLEN-CAHN SYSTEM WITH DENSITY-DEPENDENT VISCOSITY AND FREE-BOUNDARY

This paper is concerned with the Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system,which is used to model the dynamics of immiscible two-phase flows.We consider a 1D free boundary problem and assume that the viscosity coefficient depends on the density in the form ofη(ρ)=ρ^(α).The existence of unique global H^(2m)-solutions(m∈N)to the free boundary problem is proven for when 0<α<1/4.Furthermore,we obtain the global C^(∞)-solutions if the initial data is smooth.

Research on a Monte Carlo global variance reduction method based on an automatic importance sampling method

Global variance reduction is a bottleneck in Monte Carlo shielding calculations.The global variance reduction problem requires that the statistical error of the entire space is uniform.This study proposed a grid-AIS method for the global variance reduction problem based on the AIS method,which was implemented in the Monte Carlo program MCShield.The proposed method was validated using the VENUS-Ⅲ international benchmark problem and a self-shielding calculation example.The results from the VENUS-Ⅲ benchmark problem showed that the grid-AIS method achieved a significant reduction in the variance of the statistical errors of the MESH grids,decreasing from 1.08×10^(-2) to 3.84×10^(-3),representing a 64.00% reduction.This demonstrates that the grid-AIS method is effective in addressing global issues.The results of the selfshielding calculation demonstrate that the grid-AIS method produced accurate computational results.Moreover,the grid-AIS method exhibited a computational efficiency approximately one order of magnitude higher than that of the AIS method and approximately two orders of magnitude higher than that of the conventional Monte Carlo method.

Background removal from global auroral images:Data-driven dayglow modeling

Global images of auroras obtained by cameras on spacecraft are a key tool for studying the near-Earth environment.However,the cameras are sensitive not only to auroral emissions produced by precipitating particles,but also to dayglow emissions produced by photoelectrons induced by sunlight.Nightglow emissions and scattered sunlight can contribute to the background signal.To fully utilize such images in space science,background contamination must be removed to isolate the auroral signal.Here we outline a data-driven approach to modeling the background intensity in multiple images by formulating linear inverse problems based on B-splines and spherical harmonics.The approach is robust,flexible,and iteratively deselects outliers,such as auroral emissions.The final model is smooth across the terminator and accounts for slow temporal variations and large-scale asymmetries in the dayglow.We demonstrate the model by using the three far ultraviolet cameras on the Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration(IMAGE)mission.The method can be applied to historical missions and is relevant for upcoming missions,such as the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission.

Emerging global interest:Unraveling the link between diabetes mellitus and depression

BACKGROUND Studies have shown a strong bidirectional association between diabetes and depression,with diabetes increasing the risk of developing depression and vice versa.Depression among patients with diabetes is associated with poor glycemic control,complications,and poor self-care.AIM To explore the present state of research globally concerning diabetes and depression,to aid understanding the current research landscape and identify potential future areas of research.METHODS A bibliometric approach was used,utilizing the Scopus database to gather pertinent research articles released from 2004 to 2023.Analyses encompassed publication patterns,significant contributors,research focal points,prevalent themes,and the most influential articles,aimed at discerning emerging research subjects.RESULTS A total of 3229 publications that met the search criteria were identified.A significant increase in the number of publications related to diabetes and depression has been observed in the past two decades.The most productive nation was the USA(n=1015;31.43%),followed by China(n=325;10.07%),the UK(n=236;7.31%),and Germany(n=218;6.75%).Three principal themes in research on depression and diabetes were delineated by the analysis.First,the exploration of the elevated prevalence and etiology of this comorbidity;second,the focus on interventions,particularly randomized controlled trials,aimed at enhancing diabetes management among individuals with depression;and finally,the investigation of the involved risk factors and biological mechanisms under-lying this bidirectional relationship.CONCLUSION There has been a recent surge of interest in the relationship between diabetes and depression.This could aid researchers to identify areas lacking in the literature and shape future research.

Assessment of International GNSS Service Global Ionosphere Map products over China region based on measurements from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China

The global ionosphere maps(GIM)provided by the International GNSS Service(IGS)are extensively utilized for ionospheric morphology monitoring,scientific research,and practical application.Assessing the credibility of GIM products in data-sparse regions is of paramount importance.In this study,measurements from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC)are leveraged to evaluate the suitability of IGS-GIM products over China region in 2013-2014.The indices of mean error(ME),root mean square error(RMSE),and normalized RMSE(NRMSE)are then utilized to quantify the accuracy of IGS-GIM products.Results revealed distinct local time and latitudinal dependencies in IGS-GIM errors,with substantially high errors at nighttime(NRMSE:39%)and above 40°latitude(NRMSE:49%).Seasonal differences also emerged,with larger equinoctial deviations(NRMSE:33.5%)compared with summer(20%).A preliminary analysis implied that the irregular assimilation of sparse IGS observations,compounded by China’s distinct geomagnetic topology,may manifest as error variations.These results suggest that modeling based solely on IGS-GIM observations engenders inadequate representations across China and that a thorough examination would proffer the necessary foundation for advancing regional total electron content(TEC)constructions.

基于Ka波段的海事卫星Global Xpress系统

文章主要介绍了基于Ka波段的海事卫星Global Xpress系统的技术特点,着重与传统Vsat业务进行了对比,简单介绍了GX的海事业务。

GLOBAL WEAK SOLUTIONS FOR AN ATTRACTION-REPULSION CHEMOTAXIS SYSTEM WITH p-LAPLACIAN DIFFUSION AND LOGISTIC SOURCE

This paper is concerned with the following attraction-repulsion chemotaxis system with p-Laplacian diffusion and logistic source:■The system here is under a homogenous Neumann boundary condition in a bounded domainΩ ■ R^(n)(n≥2),with χ,ξ,α,β,γ,δ,k_(1),k_(2)> 0,p> 2.In addition,the function f is smooth and satisfies that f(s)≤κ-μs~l for all s≥0,with κ ∈ R,μ> 0,l> 1.It is shown that(ⅰ)if l> max{2k_(1),(2k_(1)n)/(2+n)+1/(p-1)},then system possesses a global bounded weak solution and(ⅱ)if k_(2)> max{2k_(1)-1,(2k_(1)n)/(2+n)+(2-p)/(p-1)} with l> 2,then system possesses a global bounded weak solution.

A global model of intensity autocorrelation to determine laser pulse duration

We present a new global model of collinear autocorrelation based on second harmonic generation nonlinearity.The model is rigorously derived from the nonlinear coupled wave equation specific to the autocorrelation measurement configuration,without requiring a specific form of the incident pulse function.A rigorous solution of the nonlinear coupled wave equation is obtained in the time domain and expressed in a general analytical form.The global model fully accounts for the nonlinear interaction and propagation effects within nonlinear crystals,which are not captured by the classical local model.To assess the performance of the global model compared to the classic local model,we investigate the autocorrelation signals obtained from both models for different incident pulse waveforms and different full-widthes at half-maximum(FWHMs).When the incident pulse waveform is Lorentzian with an FWHM of 200 fs,the global model predicts an autocorrelation signal FWHM of 399.9 fs,while the classic local model predicts an FWHM of 331.4 fs.The difference between the two models is 68.6 fs,corresponding to an error of 17.2%.Similarly,for a sech-type incident pulse with an FWHM of 200 fs,the global model predicts an autocorrelation signal FWHM of 343.9 fs,while the local model predicts an FWHM of 308.8 fs.The difference between the two models is 35.1 fs,with an error of 10.2%.We further examine the behavior of the models for Lorentzian pulses with FWHMs of 100 fs,200 fs and 500 fs.The differences between the global and local models are 17.1 fs,68.6 fs and 86.0 fs,respectively,with errors approximately around 17%.These comparative analyses clearly demonstrate the superior accuracy of the global model in intensity autocorrelation modeling.

GLOBAL CONVERGENCE OF A CAUTIOUS PROJECTION BFGS ALGORITHM FOR NONCONVEX PROBLEMS WITHOUT GRADIENT LIPSCHITZ CONTINUITY

A cautious projection BFGS method is proposed for solving nonconvex unconstrained optimization problems.The global convergence of this method as well as a stronger general convergence result can be proven without a gradient Lipschitz continuity assumption,which is more in line with the actual problems than the existing modified BFGS methods and the traditional BFGS method.Under some additional conditions,the method presented has a superlinear convergence rate,which can be regarded as an extension and supplement of BFGS-type methods with the projection technique.Finally,the effectiveness and application prospects of the proposed method are verified by numerical experiments.

THE GLOBAL EXISTENCE AND ANALYTICITY OF A MILD SOLUTION TO THE 3D REGULARIZED MHD EQUATIONS

In this paper,we study the three-dimensional regularized MHD equations with fractional Laplacians in the dissipative and diffusive terms.We establish the global existence of mild solutions to this system with small initial data.In addition,we also obtain the Gevrey class regularity and the temporal decay rate of the solution.