Global Dynamic Responses and Progressive Failure of Submerged Floating Tunnel Under Cable Breakage Conditions

The Submerged Floating Tunnel(SFT)relies on a tensioned mooring system for precise positioning.The sudden breakage of a single cable can trigger an immediate alteration in the constraint conditions of the tube,inducing a transient heave response within the structure along with a transient increase in cable tension experienced by adjacent cables.In more severe cases,this may even lead to a progressive failure culminating in the global destruction of the SFT.This study used ANSYS/AQWA to establish a numerical model of the entire length SFT for the hydrodynamic response analysis,and conducted a coupled calculation of the dynamic responses of the SFT-mooring line model based on Orca Flex to study the global dynamic responses of the SFT at the moment of cable breakage and the redistribution of cable internal forces.The most unfavorable position for SFT cable breakage was identified,the influence mechanism of cable breakage at different positions on the global dynamic response was revealed,and the progressive chain failure pattern caused by localized cable breakage are also clarified.

China’s Recent Progresses in Polar Climate Change and Its Interactions with the Global Climate System

During the recent four decades since 1980,a series of modern climate satellites were launched,allowing for the measurement and record-keeping of multiple climate parameters,especially over the polar regions where traditional observations are difficult to obtain.China has been actively engaging in polar expeditions.Many observations were conducted during this period,accompanied by improved Earth climate models,leading to a series of insightful understandings concerning Arctic and Antarctic climate changes.Here,we review the recent progress China has made concerning Arctic and Antarctic climate change research over the past decade.The Arctic temperature increase is much higher than the global-mean warming rate,associated with a rapid decline in sea ice,a phenomenon called the Arctic Amplification.The Antarctic climate changes showed a zonally asymmetric pattern over the past four decades,with most of the fastest changes occurring over West Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula.The Arctic and Antarctic climate changes were driven by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and ozone loss,while tropical-polar teleconnections play important roles in driving the regional climate changes and extreme events over the polar regions.Polar climate changes may also feedback to the entire Earth climate system.The adjustment of the circulation in both the troposphere and the stratosphere contributed to the interactions between the polar climate changes and lower latitudes.Climate change has also driven rapid Arctic and Southern ocean acidification.Chinese researchers have made a series of advances in understanding these processes,as reviewed in this paper.

Relationship between urban eco-environment and competitiveness with the background of globalization: Statistical explanation based on industry type newly classified with environment demand and environment pressure

Within the global urban system, the statistical relationship between urban eco-environment(UE) and urban competitiveness(UC)(RUEC) is researched. Data showed that there is a statistically inverted-U relationship between UE and UC. Eco-environmental factor is put into the classification of industries, and gets six industrial types by two indexes viz. industries' eco-environmental demand and pressure. The statistical results showed that there is a strong relationship, for new industrial classification, between the changes of industrial structure and evolvement of UE. The drive mechanism of the evolvement of urban eco-environment, with human demand and global work division was analyzed. The conclusion is that the development stratege, industrial policies of cities, and environmental policies fo cities must be fit with their ranks among the global urban system. At the era of globalization, so far as the environmental policies, their rationality could not be assessed with the level of strictness, but it can enhance cities' competitiveness when they are fit with cities' capabilities to attract and control some sections of the industry's value-chain. None but these kinds of environmental policies can probably enhance the UC.

CHINA'S VEGETATION/ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE TO GLOBAL CHANGE: RESEARCH PROGRESS & PROSPECTS

This paper presents the latest developments in the re search progress on mechanisms by which natural plants and crops respond to the doubled concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, resultant climatic change and the modeling of vegetation and eco-systems in China. In addition, it points out that the future study on global change and terrestrial ecosystems should stress m(?)iti-disciplinary teamwork and inter-discipline penetration. Finally, the paper emphasizes 10 research realms in the field to be enhanced in the future.

Project on Interaction between Agro-ecosystems and Global Change Making Progress

A research project on interaction between agroecosystems and global change has been accepted as a Category Ⅰ contribution to IGBP-GCTE (International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme-Global Change & Terrestrial Ecosystems) Core Research, the highest-level support GCTE has offered to an individual research project so far. This was confirmed by Prof. Noble, GCTE Chairman, in a letter to Prof. Peng Shaolin, Principal Investigator of

Progress and major themes of research on urban shrinkage and its eco-environmental impacts

Urban shrinkage is the process of population loss,industrial and functional decline,and eco-environmental deterioration due to various natural and human factors that occur once a city’s development reaches a certain point.It is an external manifestation of positive or negative changes in an urban economy,society,culture,resource use,and sustainability.Urban shrinkage is a new feature of global urbanization as well as a frontier of international and Chinese research.It has attracted widespread attention from academics in China and overseas,becoming an emerging trend that has spread from developed countries to underdeveloped ones.Research on and responses to urban shrinkage have also become new tasks of China’s new urbanization strategy.Our review of the existing literature reveals that there are significant temporal and spatial differences in research by Chinese and overseas scholars on urban shrinkage.Urban shrinkage studies have paid scant attention to interactions with the eco-environment,with analyses of urban shrinkage mechanisms and factors largely focusing on economic and social development factors;and urban shrinkage index analyses have tended not to include eco-environmental quality and environmental pollution indicators.The key tasks for future urban shrinkage research include the following:to conduct in-depth research on the mechanisms and driving factors of urban shrinkage to reveal the essence of urban shrinkage;to discover the principles behind interactions between urban shrinkage and the eco-environment,as well as to analyze the eco-environmental effects of urban shrinkage;to construct an index system for evaluating the extent,monitoring and providing warnings of,and containing urban shrinkage;and to research urban shrinkage coping strategies under different circumstances and carry out experiments and demonstrations according to local conditions.

“丝绸之路经济带”绿色全要素能源效率的地区差异及影响因素研究——基于Global Malmquist-Luenberger指数的实证分析

在推进"一带一路"建设背景下,探讨"丝绸之路经济带"沿线国家与地区能源效率的差异,对经济带能源合作和可持续发展具有重要意义。运用方向性距离函数和Global Malmquist-Luenberger指数方法,测算了碳排放约束下"丝绸之路经济带"核心区、重要区及辐射区全要素能源效率的变化,并运用Tobit模型对其影响因素进行实证分析。结果表明:在2000-2014年期间,"丝绸之路经济带"绿色全要素能源效率整体呈现上升趋势,但核心区、重要区及辐射区之间存在显著差异,核心区和重要区能源效率变化特征相似,技术效率和技术进步共同推动效率增长;技术进步是辐射区能源效率增长的主要来源。人均GDP和产业结构对能源效率增长具有正向影响,但能源结构对能源效率增长有显著的负向作用。

云南省西双版纳州生物多样性保护成效与展望

联合国《生物多样性公约》第十五次会议缔约方大会通过了《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》,明确了未来十年乃至更长时间的全球生物多样性治理目标。本文从西双版纳州生物多样性及其保护意义、西双版纳州生物多样性保护进展、西双版纳州生物多样性保护成效、西双版纳州生物多样性保护展望共4个方面综述其生物多样性保护进展与成效,指出所面临的3个方面的挑战,并提出:(1)加大力度减少物种受威胁程度,特别是受关注较少的物种;(2)合理利用土地资源,促进生物多样性保护和资源可持续利用;(3)保护少数民族传统文化,进行生物多样性相关传统知识的调查与编目等建议。研究结果可为促进西双版纳生物多样性保护与管理提供基础资料,为云南履行《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》提供参考。

考虑价格因素的中国全要素生产率计算及其影响因素分析——基于Global Cost Malmquist和Tobit模型的实证研究

本文将价格因素引入模型中,基于Global Cost Malmquist指数模型估算全要素生产率,基于全要素生产率分解进一步分析我国的资源错配状况及其来源,并采用Tobit模型对全要素生产率尤其是价格效应的影响因素进行实证分析,研究结果表明:现阶段我国全要素生产率增长存在高估问题,技术进步对我国全要素生产率的正向促进作用日趋显著,由价格扭曲导致的资源错配是现阶段抑制我国全要素生产率进一步提高的主要因素,同时技术进步和价格扭曲加剧了地区全要素生产率差异;对外直接投资、出口贸易和金融发展提高了全要素生产率增长,改善了资源错配,而市场分割和工业占比则起到抑制作用;东部和西部地区的对外直接投资、中部地区的出口贸易以及西部地区的金融发展水平会显著改善地区价格扭曲程度。基于以上研究,提出加快资源配置市场化改革、培育开放的市场化动力、激发金融市场活力、优化产业结构等政策启示。

PROGRESSES AND PROSPECTS IN RESEARCH ON SEASON DIVISION AND SEASONAL CHANGES IN CHINA

Progresses in the research for season division and seasonal changes are reviewed systematically in this paper,which particularly introduces the results of a national natural science foundation project,"the nonlinear identification of seasonal changes and its responses to global warming".The project developed two objective and quantitative methods for season division:the non-linear similarity measure(NSM) method and the regional multi-element optimal dissection(RMOD) method,which differ from traditional ones for season division.Besides,the project further investigated seasonal changes and their responses to global warming,analyzed evolution characteristics of the starting date and length of seasons in history,revealed their relationships with extreme events and precipitation patterns in rainy seasons,and thereby built a research system for seasonal changes in China under the global warming background.Finally,the authors make an outlook on the research for season division and seasonal changes and put forward several issues associated with season and climate changes that need to be further explored.

Review of China's scientific research progress in polar meteorology in the last 30 years

The Antarctic and Arctic are sensitive to global climate change; therefore, they are key regions of global climate change research. This paper, the progress in scientific investigations and research regarding the atmosphere in the polar regions over the last 30 years by Chinese scientists is summarized. Primary understanding of the relationship between the polar regions and global change, especially, the variations in time and space in the Antarctic and Arctic regions with respect to climate change is indicated. Operational weather forecasts for investigation of the polar regions have also been established. Moreover, changes in sea ice and their impact on the atmosphere of polar regions have been diagnosed and simulated. Parameterization of the atmospheric boundary layer of different underlying layers and changes in the atmospheric ozone in the polar region has also been experimented. Overall, there has been great progress in studies of the possible impact of changes in the atmospheric environment of polar regions on circulation in East Asia and the climate of China.

Review and Outlook of Global Geoparks Network

The global geoparks network was reviewed in terms of its establishment background,management,progress and so on to gain an outlook on its future in this paper.It can be concluded that the network will have more evenly and extensively-distributed members throughout the world,more thorough and comprehensive cooperation between its members,more

Applying the Conceptual-Model of Progressive Development to the Contaminated Aquifer Underlying Israel’s Coastal Plain

The last ten years of moderate to low precipitation rates in Israel may be a confirmation of the forecast, based on historical data, that recent, repeated droughts are a function of global warming. In this case the conventional policy of “Sustainable Development” is not sufficient to avert the impact of diminution of precipitation on Israel’s water supply. Instead, a policy of “Progressive Development” is proposed, which aims to exploit, stage by stage, first the water resources most available and at lowest cost until they are ex-hausted. Once this stage is under execution, progressive steps are taken to develop more costly resources by advanced methods of exploitation. A case study of such a development plan is the controlled deterioration of the water quality of the coastal plain aquifer of Israel.

数字贸易国际竞争力研究进展

数字贸易是伴随数字经济发展而出现的新型贸易方式,数字贸易的发展有效提高了全球数字经济效率,深入探讨数字贸易竞争力问题对提高全要素生产率、推动产业结构升级、促进全球价值链重构具有一定的理论价值和实践意义。本文在对数字贸易国际竞争力文献检索的基础上,梳理了数字贸易内涵、数字贸易竞争力的经济效能、数字贸易竞争力指数测算等方面的最新学术成果,归纳评述了主要观点与见解,以期为数字贸易竞争力的进一步研究提供参考。

基于全球价值链的中国出口隐含碳排放研究

在碳中和目标下,实现经济增长与节能减排的双赢至关重要。本文利用2000-2014年中国47个行业的数据探究全球价值链升级对中国出口隐含碳排放的影响,并进行异质性分析及规模、技术和结构效应的调节机制检验。结果表明,全球价值链升级能够显著降低出口隐含碳排放。全球价值链地位的提高有助于减少出口隐含碳排放。相比后向参与度,全球价值链前向参与度提高对出口隐含碳排放的促进作用更弱。上述结论在考虑内生性问题及稳健性检验后仍然成立。异质性分析表明,相比服务业和非污染密集型行业,制造业和污染密集型行业参与全球价值链活动对出口隐含碳排放的促进作用更强,但全球价值链升级能够更加明显地抑制其出口隐含碳排放,对冲参与全球价值链促进碳排放的消极影响。此外,规模效应和结构效应会显著增加出口隐含碳排放,但不会明显抑制全球价值链升级的减排作用。技术进步对出口隐含碳排放的作用不仅体现在降低碳排放的直接影响,而且能够产生放大全球价值链升级减排作用的调节机制。本文的研究结论为促进全球价值链升级、加快实现减排目标提供经验证据。

把握“和平与发展”时代主旋律,推动世界繁荣和文明进步

党的二十大报告指出:“促进世界和平与发展,推动构建人类命运共同体。”文章从三个维度阐述了把握“和平与发展”时代主旋律,推动世界繁荣和文明进步的中国实践、中国主张和中国方案。第一,中国式现代化发展道路就是坚持走和平发展之路。中国共产党在第一个百年奋斗历程中,带领中国不断融入世界经济治理体系,中国成为全球发展的重要力量。第二,面对错综复杂的国际新形势,中国提供了“一带一路”倡议、“构建人类命运共同体”、“全球发展倡议”和“全球安全倡议”等国际公共产品,成为推动各国社会经济发展和维护世界和平稳定秩序的参与者、实践者和贡献者。第三,中国倡导践行真正的多边主义,遵守联合国宪章宗旨和原则;积极推动全球治理体系改革,促进多边国际合作,为世界和平与稳定、人类进步和繁荣做出了贡献。

GVC嵌入、环境规制与制造业行业技术进步研究

新发展格局下,研究GVC嵌入、环境规制与制造业技术进步之间的互动关系,对引领中国制造业绿色与集约化发展具有重要的理论和现实意义。研究结果显示:目前的GVC嵌入程度和嵌入地位不利于制造业的资本偏向型技术进步;环境规制强度与技术进步偏向型存在长期呈“U”型关系,存在GVC嵌入地位影响环境规制的资本偏向型技术进步门槛效应,GVC嵌入地位跨越第一道门槛值后,环境规制对资本偏向型技术进步的作用显著提升,强化环境规制措施可以导致技术进步的资本偏向性;GVC上游环节参与度越高,更有利于资本积累和核心技术研发,要素禀赋结构与技术进步影响方向相适宜进而促进了全要素生产率的增长,但下游环节嵌入受依附GVC行业领导者的全球战略影响,依附型生产率增长路径困难。

全球文明倡议的三重解读

全球文明倡议在中国提出具有历史必然性,是构建人类命运共同体的题中应有之义。作为文明价值倡议,全球文明倡议坚持文明间的平等、对话、互鉴、包容,既注重弘扬全人类共同价值,也关注不同文明基于自身历史文化的独特价值。作为文明友好倡议,全球文明倡议倡导不同文明间友好相对与和平共处,为全球文明建设提供了行动指南与价值遵循。作为文明发展倡议,全球文明倡议蕴含创新发展、和平发展、合作发展、共享发展等众多文明发展新理念。总的来说,全球文明倡议表达了不同文明实现自身发展的内在需要,从人类文明的整体高度与根本利益出发对不同文明提出了共同推动人类文明发展进步的时代要求,体现着人类文明发展规律的客观要求。

水稻耐热育种研究及其展望

随着全球气候变暖加剧,高温对水稻产生的影响越加明显,水稻因高温造成的减产直接威胁粮食生产安全,因此提高水稻耐热能力是各地区农业发展面临的巨大挑战,高通量测序技术和功能基因组学的发展为农业科学家们开展水稻耐热研究提供了基础。本文重点综述了对高温胁迫下水稻生长发育和生理生化的研究,水稻耐热QTL和相关基因的研究,以及耐热水稻种质资源的筛选及创制研究进展,为耐热型水稻的选育提供一定帮助。

技能偏向性技术变迁视角下畅通国内大循环的内生动力研究

进入技术前沿阶段,中国创新机制逐渐转向技能偏向性技术进步,依托大规模市场优势和庞大的产业链分工体系,以外循环为主的产业分工逐渐向“国内大循环”转换。基于前向联系的生产分解模型,从国家总增加值构成的角度测算分行业的国内增加值份额,实证检验了技能偏向性技术进步对国内分工增加值份额变动的影响及作用机制。研究发现:技能偏向性技术进步显著提高了国内分工增加值份额,在采用动态面板估计与替换解释变量后,结论仍然稳健。国内市场需求扩大和中间品本土创新是两个主要的影响机制。分样本结果显示,“基于科学”和“专业化供应商”行业的技能偏向性技术进步对增加值份额的提升效应更为明显。基于主要结论,提出相关政策建议:进一步纠偏劳动力市场的配置扭曲,提升体制性科研人才配置效率,优化创新人才资源在地区间、行业间的最优化配置;加快引致高技能劳动力密集型产业的技术创新,扩大知识部门的产业规模,强化本土中间品原创性;充分发挥我国超大规模市场优势和内需潜力,特别是在前沿技术创新、成果转化和大规模产业化方面形成竞争优势,旨在在更为广泛的高技术产业中形成以我为主导的国内价值链。