Feature Selection with a Local Search Strategy Based on the Forest Optimization Algorithm

Feature selection has been widely used in data mining and machine learning.Its objective is to select a minimal subset of features according to some reasonable criteria so as to solve the original task more quickly.In this article,a feature selection algorithm with local search strategy based on the forest optimization algorithm,namely FSLSFOA,is proposed.The novel local search strategy in local seeding process guarantees the quality of the feature subset in the forest.Next,the fitness function is improved,which not only considers the classification accuracy,but also considers the size of the feature subset.To avoid falling into local optimum,a novel global seeding method is attempted,which selects trees on the bottom of candidate set and gives the algorithm more diversities.Finally,FSLSFOA is compared with four feature selection methods to verify its effectiveness.Most of the results are superior to these comparative methods.

Climate Change Impacts, Local Knowledge and Coping Strategies in the Great Ruaha River Catchment Area, Tanzania

Climate change has profound implications for managing freshwater resources and species dependent on those resources. Water is an essential component of the life support system of the earth, and a basic resource for socio-economic development. The Great Ruaha River Catchment Area is a dynamic and complex ecosystem requiring inclusion climate change adaptation in the management of the freshwater and natural resources available to reduce the severity of climate change impacts. Rainfall has decreased considerably during the last 10 - 30 years, and characterised by high interannual variability, seasonal shifts and variable seasonal distribution with unpredictable onset and ending of rains and shortened growing seasons. Temperature has increased considerably during this period causing increased evapotranspiration losses and incidences of pest and diseases. The freshwater of Ruaha River and it tributaries are vulneable to changing climate, such as drought, which can negatively impact on the livelihoods of the people through de- creased crop and livestock production, and on local biodiversity. The changing climate has had negative impacts on, among other aspects, land use and water shortages for irrigation, livestock and domestic uses. This has compelled riparian communities in the catchment to devises coping strategies including practicing irrigation to provide supplementary water to crops, using drought tolerant crop varieties, rationing of irrigation water in farmlands, wetland cultivation, and diversification to non-agricultural activities. Despite the existence of many indicators used for local climate forecasting, there are limitations to local adaptation, including among others, poverty, institutional aspects and limited integration of climate adaptation in various sectors. The bulk of indigenous knowledge could be integrated into formal adaptation planning, and may be important components of environmental conservation at the local level.

Strategy of Human Resources Localization for Multinational Corpora-tions in China

With the swift growth of China's economy in recent years, the number of multinational corporations in China is increasing rapidly, and during their process of management, the strategy of human resources localization is widely used. Though there are a lot of scholars who have done research on advantages, negative effects and implementation of this strategy, there are still not enough studies have been made about the enlightenments for China. Therefore, this study aims at representing more modern and advanced opinions by stating superiority and inferior of multinational corporations' human resources localization strategy on the basis of predecessors' studies. This study is based on multinational corporation human resources localization theories, research on certain multinational corporations located in China, and data and information from relative journals, books,newspapers and internet. The conclusion of this paper is as below: though human resources localization strategy has obvious advantages, the management shall control the"degree"in case of"over-localization"; secondly, as Chinese corporations, it is necessary to possess their own core technology instead of being a manufacturer only; and last, Chinese corporations should learn from foreign multinationals that balancing between globalization and localization, to maximize the benefits.

Protective and Constructive Strategies of Rural Landscape Elements in Local Landscape Planning

As a carrier of traditional techniques and local culture, local landscape contains profound theories of garden aesthetics and landscape ecology. Creating a local landscape is not only important to modern urban landscape design and urban planning, but also an important part of the construction of current distinctive towns. Based on the analysis of the application of native landscape elements in urban gardens, the research points out the innovative design and application of the local landscape elements. Moreover, it uses the artistic expression techniques of extracting the native landscape elements into the garden landscape as the entry point, and analyzes the designing principle and planning key points in the process of creating a local landscape of the cultural square park in characteristic towns, providing constructing and protecting strategies for creating a landscape of rural landscapes in China's landscape planning.

The Research of the Localization Marketing Strategy of Amazon in Germany

Amazon Germany has formulated a series of marketing strategies based on the shopping habits of German consumers and it has achieved success.This article summarizes the current marketing strategies of Amazon in Germany,and explores the key factors for the success of this marketing strategy.By comparing with other e-commerce platforms,this article critically analyzes the innovation and deficiency of Amazon in Germany.

Discussion on Localization Management Strategy of KFC

In the contemporary society, localization and globalization are inseparable. For multinational corporations, enhancing the relationship between multinational corporations and host countries can achieve a win-win situation. Through analyze the localization management strategies in the field of menu, slogan,ingredient and public relationship of of KFC and conclude that Chinese culture, the needs, preference of Chinese people, good government relationship is more important to multinational corporations.

On the Problems and Strategies Addressed to the Development of Local Colleges

Local colleges are the main bodies of Chinese higher education. Their proper and sound development will do good to the development of local economy and society. Compared with famous and key universities, their development is in inferior state and there are lots of problems. This article analyses the problems during their development process, then it puts forward relevant strategies so as to provide reference for the development of local colleges.

车内单座椅局部区域有源噪声控制研究

目前,汽车局部区域降噪主要通过有源降噪头枕来降低人耳处的噪声,但乘客的移动会影响降噪效果.结合人头跟踪系统可解决这一问题,代价是增加系统的复杂性和成本.以车门扬声器为次级声源,在副驾驶位置乘客头部周围较大的区域进行局部降噪,并优化误差传感策略提升其降噪性能.首先,建立轻度阻尼边界的闭空间声场有限元模型;然后,基于该模型研究了某一局部区域内取得3 dB降噪效果的频率上限、误差点数量和位置对降噪效果的影响以及误差点布放的优化问题;最后,在典型城市道路上进行不同车速下的有源噪声控制实验.结果表明,车速为50,60和80 km·h^(-1)时,副驾驶头部区域内(0.4 m×0.4 m×0.2 m)3 dB降噪的频率上限约为370 Hz,误差点位置对降噪效果有较大影响.采用遗传算法优化误差点选择可提高降噪性能,使用12个优选误差点即可达到使用75个均匀布放误差点的降噪效果.

“在地国际化”视域下高等职业教育中外合作办学质量认证体系研究

“在地国际化”是突破高校师生跨境流动的传统观念,在本土创设国际化学习环境、教学资源和育人机制的教育模式。中外合作办学是高等职业教育“在地国际化”的载体与表现形式。在“在地国际化”视域下,中外合作办学存在理念更迭滞缓、认证系统与评价体系未协同、缺乏国际通行认证指标体系等问题,高等职业教育中外合作办学质量认证体系的建构将满足面向全球,培养国际化人才质量保障需求。依据“输入-环境-输出”理论模型,高等职业教育中外合作办学“在地”发展质量认证体系的构建与应用旨在凸显夯实高等职业教育国际化人才培养质量观、实现国际化高技能人才在地培养的实质等效和增强“在地”培养国际化技术技能型人才实力的应用价值。

基于强化学习的离散层级萤火虫算法检测蛋白质复合物

蛋白质复合物的检测有助于从分子水平上理解生命的活动过程。针对群智能算法检测蛋白质复合物时假阳/阴性率高、准确率低、种群多样性下降等问题,提出了基于强化学习的离散层级萤火虫算法检测蛋白质复合物(reinforcement learning-based discrete level firefly algorithm for detecting protein complexes,RLDLFA-DPC)。引入强化学习思想提出一种自适应层级划分策略,动态调整层级结构,能有效解决迭代后期种群多样性下降的问题。在层级学习策略中个体向两个优秀层级学习,避免算法陷入局部最优。为了提高蛋白质复合物检测的精度,结合个体环境信息提出自适应搜索半径的局部搜索策略。最后,在酵母蛋白质的4个数据集上,与8种经典的蛋白质复合物检测方法进行对比,验证了该方法的有效性。

局部标准差优化的密度峰值聚类算法

密度峰值聚类(clustering by fast search and find of density peaks,DPC)算法是一种基于密度的聚类算法,它可以发现任意形状和维度的类簇,是具有里程碑意义的聚类算法。然而,DPC算法的样本局部密度定义不适用于同时发现数据集的稠密簇和稀疏簇;此外,DPC算法的一步分配策略使得一旦有一个样本分配错误,将导致更多样本的错误分配,产生“多米诺骨牌效应”。针对这些问题,提出一种新的样本局部密度定义,采用局部标准差指数定义样本局部密度,克服DPC的密度定义缺陷;采用两步分配策略代替DPC的一步分配策略,克服DPC的“多米诺骨牌效应”,得到ESDTS-DPC算法。与DPC及其改进算法KNN-DPC、FKNN-DPC、DPC-CE和经典密度聚类算法DBSCAN的实验比较显示,提出的ESDTS-DPC算法具有更好的聚类准确性。

面向密度分布不均数据的加权逆近邻密度峰值聚类算法

针对密度分布不均数据,密度峰值聚类算法易忽略类簇间样本的疏密差异,导致误选类簇中心;分配策略易将稀疏区域的样本误分到密集区域,导致聚类效果不佳的问题,本文提出一种面向密度分布不均数据的加权逆近邻密度峰值聚类算法。该算法首先在局部密度公式中引入基于sigmoid函数的权重系数,增加稀疏区域样本的权重,结合逆近邻思想,重新定义了样本的局部密度,有效提升类簇中心的识别率;其次,引入改进的样本相似度策略,利用样本间的逆近邻及共享逆近邻信息,使得同一类簇样本间具有较高的相似度,可有效改善稀疏区域样本分配错误的问题。在密度分布不均、复杂形态和UCI数据集上的对比实验表明,本文算法的聚类效果优于IDPC-FA、FNDPC、FKNN-DPC、DPC和DPCSA算法。

论人才强国战略下职业启蒙教育发展的时代进路

人才是第一资源,建设人才强国是实现中国式现代化的核心要义。职业启蒙教育作为本体“成己成人成物”的一种早期关照,必然成为人才强国建设的根基性策略。镜鉴美国融合式、日本进阶式和德国链条式职业启蒙教育模式,发现各国均以个人职业潜力培育为策略来提升人力资源的内生质量。因此,为了拓宽我国青少年多元化成长通道,强化国家人才储备的广度与深度,应当以点筑基、以面扩展、以链串联、以网织就,多维结构探赜本土职业启蒙教育发展理路。即以中小学创建校本职业启蒙课来稳固人才培育的启蒙链,以不同类型学校间共建职业启蒙教育基地来拓宽人才成长的进阶链,以校外研学实践基地的活动供给来补强人才育训的陶冶链,以校企联动创设真实职业场域来延伸人才发展的价值链,最终推动职业启蒙教育以高质量的育人品性为人才强国建设服务。

地方管理视角下国土空间规划技术标准优化策略

国土空间治理现代化的重要手段是通过国土空间规划有效落实国家重大战略,而央地协同、因地制宜的技术标准则是支撑地方高质量国土空间规划编制、审查、实施等管理工作的重要保障。结合地方国土空间规划管理工作,梳理“多规合一”新时期地方管理对技术标准的新诉求以及现阶段技术标准对其的支撑状况,提出了构建条块协调、动态优化的“三维”技术标准体系和研制内容精细化、传导标准化、审查智慧化的技术标准,对加强技术标准在地方管理工作中“实用、管用、好用”有所参考。

地方高校新工科国际化人才培养模式探索与实践

通过分析地方高校国际化人才培养的必要性,提出了在新工科背景下提升人才培养质量与国际竞争力的对策。从更新教育理念,构建人才培养体系,强化课程建设,加强校企合作,扩大对外开放,加强师资队伍建设,推进资源建设,提高管理效能等方面给出了具体的措施。最后通过应用实践检验了教师的国际化教育教学能力,学生的创新实践能力、跨文化交流能力均得到有效提升。

求解带容量约束车辆路径问题的改进遗传算法

为解决传统遗传算法求解带容量约束的车辆路径问题时收敛速度慢和局部搜索能力差的问题,对传统遗传算法提出一种改进策略。使用基于贪婪策略的启发式交叉算子加强算法接近最优解的能力,加快算法收敛速度,在变异操作中,引入最近邻搜索算子,缩小基因变异范围,使用单点局部插入算子提高算法的局部优化能力。采用精英选择和轮盘赌法结合的选择策略,保持种群多样性以加强算法的全局搜索能力。实例计算测试表明,与传统遗传算法相比,所提算法求解平均偏差降低了70.25%,求解时间减少了87.41%;与ALNS和AGGWOA算法相比,有更高的求解质量和更好的稳定性。

工位数固定的U型拆卸线部分拆卸平衡问题

为提高工位数固定的U型拆卸线拆卸效率,减少有害部件对操作人员的潜在威胁,针对高价值零部件和有害零部件的拆卸需求,本文提出了工位数固定的U型拆卸线部分拆卸平衡问题,建立了以最小化节拍时间、高危工位数目和负载均衡为目标的优化模型,并设计了改进的变邻域搜索算法进行求解.在编码过程中提出一种基于零部件释放位置的选择策略,以减少前继零部件拆卸顺序对编码的影响;提出最小偏差二分法,有效减少解码的迭代次数;提出瓶颈挤压局部搜索策略,用以优化节拍时间和均衡负载指标.通过与其他算法对比,结果表明改进的变邻域搜索算法求解具有优越性,并且可实现对工位数固定的U型拆卸线部分拆卸平衡问题的高效求解.

阅读理解细节题的策略使用及不同培训状态考生间的对比研究

策略使用在二语阅读理解测试中起着关键作用。同时,策略教学也是备考活动的一个重要组成部分。本研究通过实证方法开发了一份包含39个题项的策略使用问卷。共217名考生在完成阅读理解细节题以及词汇语法测试后,接受了策略使用问卷调查。其中,109人接受过阅读策略培训,108人未接受过培训。对问卷结果进行主成分分析后,得出了包含34个问卷项目的六个策略成分。通过计算加权成分得分,并使用条件随机森林分析,本研究对六个策略成分得分以及词汇语法题项得分对于考生培训状态的预测力进行了分析。研究结果表明,受训组和未受训组在四类策略的使用上存在显著差异。研究揭示了阅读理解细节题测试中策略使用的丰富细节,并为策略教学提供了一定的启示。

健全因地制宜发展新质生产力体制机制推动中国式现代化

党的二十届三中全会决议明确指出:“要健全因地制宜发展新质生产力体制机制”,这对于推动中国式现代化具有重大意义。习近平总书记创造性提出“因地制宜发展新质生产力”,这是一项重大理论和实践创新,将为我国高质量发展注入全新动力。为了深入学习贯彻党的二十届三中全会精神,加快形成同新质生产力更相适应的生产关系,健全因地制宜发展新质生产力体制机制,完善战略性产业发展政策和治理体系,建立未来产业投入增长机制,完善促进数字经济和智能经济发展政策体系,促进耐心资本和各类先进生产要素向发展新质生产力集聚,围绕“健全发展新质生产力体制机制推动中国式现代化”这个新时代经济发展的重要课题,本刊邀请国内著名专家、学者,撰写一组笔谈文章,以飨读者。

结合局部纹理特征滤波的海天线检测方法

针对视频监测下海天线检测图像易出现的海天对比度低、海上物体、海雾、海浪及云层等干扰条件引起的图像模糊和海天线遮挡问题,提出一种基于偏心邻域的灰度共生矩阵对比度滤波的梯度域下海天线检测方法。方法设计使用上下两方向偏心盒状滤波器获取图像的对比度梯度值图,利用滑动窗对分块图像搜索梯度极大值候选位置,根据设计策略通过构建海天线参数的概率统计模型提取拟合直线作为检测结果。仿真实验表明,本文方法能提升视觉图像下含多景物等干扰的复杂场景海天线检测的准确率,与同类方法相比提升7.69%。