Auxin is throughout the entire life process of plants and is involved in the crosstalk with other hormones,yet its role in apple disease resistance remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the function of auxin/i...Auxin is throughout the entire life process of plants and is involved in the crosstalk with other hormones,yet its role in apple disease resistance remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the function of auxin/indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)gene Md IAA24 overexpression in enhancing apple resistance to Glomerella leaf spot(GLS)caused by Colletotrichum fructicola(Cf).Analysis revealed that,upon Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants exhibited enhanced superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)activity,as well as a greater amount of glutathione(reduced form)and ascorbic acid accumulation,resulting in less H_(2)O_(2)and superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-))in apple leaves.Furthermore,35S::Md IAA24 plants produced more protocatechuic acid,proanthocyanidins B1,proanthocyanidins B2 and chlorogenic acid when infected with Cf.Following Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants presented lower levels of IAA and jasmonic acid(JA),but higher levels of salicylic acid(SA),along with the expression of related genes.The overexpression of Md IAA24 was observed to enhance the activity of chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase in Cfinfected leaves.The results indicated the ability of Md IAA24 to regulate the crosstalk between IAA,JA and SA,and to improve reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging and defense-related enzymes activity.This jointly contributed to GLS resistance in apple.展开更多
Apple Glomerella leaf spot(GLS) is a destructive fungal disease that damages apple leaves during the summer in China.Breeding new diseaseresistant varieties is considered to be the best way of controlling GLS.A geneti...Apple Glomerella leaf spot(GLS) is a destructive fungal disease that damages apple leaves during the summer in China.Breeding new diseaseresistant varieties is considered to be the best way of controlling GLS.A genetic study of resistance to Glomerella leaf spot(GLS) in apple was conducted by using four F_1 hybrid groups(‘Fuji' בGolden Delicious',‘Golden Delicious' בFuji',‘Gala' בFuji',and ‘Fuji' בQF-2') generated from two highly resistant varieties or selections,‘Fuji' and ‘QF-2',and two highly susceptible varieties,‘Golden Delicious' and ‘Gala'.The results showed that the separation ratios of resistant plants to the susceptible ones in the four F_1 hybrid groups were statistically consistent with the theoretical ratios of 1:1,1:1,0:1,and 1:0.Comprehensive analysis enabled us to generate the following conclusions:GLS resistance in apple may be controlled by a single recessive gene.The genotype of the resistant plants was rr,whereas the genotypes of the susceptible ones were RR and Rr.By using ‘Golden Delicious' בFuji' F_1 hybrid groups and the bulked segregation analysis(BSA) method,the marker S0506206-243 bp associated with disease resistance character to GLS was identified through screening 500 SSR primers encompassing the entire apple genome with even coverage,and the genetic distance between the marker and the GLS resistance gene was 9.8 cM.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFD1000307)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32172529)+2 种基金the Special Funds for Major Scientific and Technological Innovation from Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2020zdzx03-0101)the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(Grant No.CARS-27)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2017M610657,2018T111108)。
文摘Auxin is throughout the entire life process of plants and is involved in the crosstalk with other hormones,yet its role in apple disease resistance remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the function of auxin/indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)gene Md IAA24 overexpression in enhancing apple resistance to Glomerella leaf spot(GLS)caused by Colletotrichum fructicola(Cf).Analysis revealed that,upon Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants exhibited enhanced superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)activity,as well as a greater amount of glutathione(reduced form)and ascorbic acid accumulation,resulting in less H_(2)O_(2)and superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-))in apple leaves.Furthermore,35S::Md IAA24 plants produced more protocatechuic acid,proanthocyanidins B1,proanthocyanidins B2 and chlorogenic acid when infected with Cf.Following Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants presented lower levels of IAA and jasmonic acid(JA),but higher levels of salicylic acid(SA),along with the expression of related genes.The overexpression of Md IAA24 was observed to enhance the activity of chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase in Cfinfected leaves.The results indicated the ability of Md IAA24 to regulate the crosstalk between IAA,JA and SA,and to improve reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging and defense-related enzymes activity.This jointly contributed to GLS resistance in apple.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-28-01-07)Project of Science and Technology Development Plan in Shandong Province(2014GNC110017)+2 种基金Shandong Provincial Improved Variety Engineering System Foundation(620902)National Foundation for Science and Technology Twelfth Five-year in Rural Areas(2013BAD02B01)the National Science and Technology Support Projects in Twelfth Five-year Plan of China(2013BAD02B00)
文摘Apple Glomerella leaf spot(GLS) is a destructive fungal disease that damages apple leaves during the summer in China.Breeding new diseaseresistant varieties is considered to be the best way of controlling GLS.A genetic study of resistance to Glomerella leaf spot(GLS) in apple was conducted by using four F_1 hybrid groups(‘Fuji' בGolden Delicious',‘Golden Delicious' בFuji',‘Gala' בFuji',and ‘Fuji' בQF-2') generated from two highly resistant varieties or selections,‘Fuji' and ‘QF-2',and two highly susceptible varieties,‘Golden Delicious' and ‘Gala'.The results showed that the separation ratios of resistant plants to the susceptible ones in the four F_1 hybrid groups were statistically consistent with the theoretical ratios of 1:1,1:1,0:1,and 1:0.Comprehensive analysis enabled us to generate the following conclusions:GLS resistance in apple may be controlled by a single recessive gene.The genotype of the resistant plants was rr,whereas the genotypes of the susceptible ones were RR and Rr.By using ‘Golden Delicious' בFuji' F_1 hybrid groups and the bulked segregation analysis(BSA) method,the marker S0506206-243 bp associated with disease resistance character to GLS was identified through screening 500 SSR primers encompassing the entire apple genome with even coverage,and the genetic distance between the marker and the GLS resistance gene was 9.8 cM.
