BACKGROUND Breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma(BIDC)represents the largest heterotypic tumor group,and an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of BIDC is key to improving its prognosis.AIM To analyze the expres...BACKGROUND Breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma(BIDC)represents the largest heterotypic tumor group,and an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of BIDC is key to improving its prognosis.AIM To analyze the expression profiles and clinical implications of forkhead box M1(FOXM1),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),and glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78)in BIDC.METHODS A total of 65 BIDC patients and 70 healthy controls who presented to our hospital between August 2019 and May 2021 were selected for analysis.The peripheral blood FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 levels in both groups were measured and the association between their expression profiles in BIDC was examined.Additionally,we investigated the diagnostic value of FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 in patients with BIDC and their correlations with clinicopathological features.Furthermore,BIDC patients were followed for 1 year to identify factors influencing patient prognosis.RESULTS The levels of FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 were significantly higher in BIDC patients compared to healthy controls(P<0.05),and a positive correlation was observed among them(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 had excellent diagnostic value in predicting the occurrence of BIDC(P<0.05).Subsequently,we found significant differences in FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 levels among patients with different histological grades and metastasis statuses(with vs without)(P<0.05).Cox analysis revealed that FOXM1,COX-2,GRP78,increased histological grade,and the presence of tumor metastasis were independent risk factors for prognostic death in BIDC(P<0.001).CONCLUSION FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 exhibit abnormally high expression in BIDC,promoting malignant tumor development and closely correlating with prognosis.These findings hold significant research implications for the future diagnosis and treatment of BIDC.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the correlation between clinicopathology and expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glucose-regulated protein 94 (grp94) in human colonic carcinoma. METHODS: The expression of HSP70 and gr...AIM: To investigate the correlation between clinicopathology and expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glucose-regulated protein 94 (grp94) in human colonic carcinoma. METHODS: The expression of HSP70 and grp94 was studied in 80 human colonic cancers with or without metastasis as well as in their adjacent mucous membrane by way of immunohistochemistry and pathology photograph analysis. RESULTS: The expression of HSP70 and grp94 was significantly higher in cancer than that in adjacent mucous membrane (92.5%, 85.0% vs 56.3%, 42.5%, P<0.01). HSP70 and grp94 expressed higher in moderately- and poorly-differentiated colonic cancers than that in their adjacent tissues (93.7%, 87.5%; 100%, 90% vs56.3%, 42.5%;P<0.01). Dukes C and D stages of colonic cancers showed higher positive rates than Dukes A and B stage groups (97.1%, 91.2%; 100%, 90.9%; vs 80%, 70%; 78.6%, 71.4%; P<0.05). There were definite differences in HSP70 and grp94 expression between metastasis groups and non-metastasis groups (100% vs 75%, 100% CONCLUSION: The HSP70 and grp94 expression rates in colonic cancer groups are significantly higher than that in their adjacent mucous membrane. The HSP70 and grp94 expression in poorly-differentiated colonic cancers with metastasis is significantly higher than well-differentiated cancers without metastasis. The overexpression of HSP70 and grp94 can be used as diagnostic or prognostic markers for colonic cancer.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the expression and significance of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glucose-regulated protein 94 (grp94) in human esophageai carcinoma and adjacent normal tissues. METHODS: The expression of HSP70...AIM: To investigate the expression and significance of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glucose-regulated protein 94 (grp94) in human esophageai carcinoma and adjacent normal tissues. METHODS: The expression of HSP70 and grp94 in 78 human esophageai cancer and adjacent normal tissues was studied by immunohistochemistry and pathology photograph analysis. RESULTS: Both esophageai cancer and adjacent normal tissues could express HSP70 and grp94. Of the 78 cases of esophageai carcinoma, 95.0%(72/78) showed positive HSP70, mainly stained in nuclei, while grp94 was mainly stained in cell plasma, and the positive rate was 71.8% (56/78).There was a significant difference in the expression of HSP70 and grp94 between esophageai cancer and adjacent normal tissues (P<0.01). Compared with adjacent normal tissues, there was a significant difference between differential types and HSP70 expression (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: HSP70 and grp94 express differently in cell plasma and nuclei. The expression intensity of HSP70 is related to the differentiation of esophageai carcinoma.展开更多
AIM To investigate the protective effect of prostaglandin E1(PGE1) against endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stressinduced hepatocyte apoptosis, and to explore its underlying mechanisms.METHODS Thapsigargin(TG) was used to in...AIM To investigate the protective effect of prostaglandin E1(PGE1) against endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stressinduced hepatocyte apoptosis, and to explore its underlying mechanisms.METHODS Thapsigargin(TG) was used to induce ER stress in the human hepatic cell line L02 and hepatocarcinomaderived cell line Hep G2. To evaluate the effects of PGE1 on TG-induced apoptosis, PGE1 was used an hour prior to TG treatment. Activation of unfolded protein response signaling pathways were detected by western blotting and quantitative real-time RTPCR. Apoptotic index and cell viability of L02 cells and Hep G2 cells were determined with flow cytometry and MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2 H-tetrazolium] assay. RESULTS Pretreatment with 1 μmol/L PGE1 protected against TG-induced apoptosis in both L02 cells and Hep G2 cells. PGE1 enhanced the TG-induced expression of C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP), glucose-regulated protein(GRP) 78 and spliced X box-binding protein 1 at 6 h. However, it attenuated their expressions after 24 h. PGE1 alone induced protein and m RNA expressions of GRP78; PGE1 also induced protein expression of DNA damage-inducible gene 34 and inhibited the expressions of phospho-PKR-like ER kinase, phosphoeukaryotic initiation factor 2α and CHOP. Treatment with protein kinase A(PKA)-inhibitor H89 or KT5720 blocked PGE1-induced up-regulation of GRP78. Further, the cytoprotective effect of PGE1 on hepatocytes was not observed after blockade of GRP78 expression by H89 or small interfering RNA specifically targeted against human GRP78.CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that PGE1 protects against ER stress-induced hepatocyte apoptosis via PKA pathwaydependent induction of GRP78 expression.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the co-expression and significance of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glucose-regulated protein 94 (grp94) in human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823. METHODS: The expression and localization of...AIM:To investigate the co-expression and significance of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glucose-regulated protein 94 (grp94) in human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823. METHODS: The expression and localization of HSP70 and grp94 in human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823 were determined by immunocytochemistry and indirect immunofluorescence cytochemical staining. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the correlation between expression of HSP70, grp94 and cell cycle in BGC-823 cell line. RESULTS: Gastric cancer cell line BGC-823 expressed high level of HSP70 and grp94. The positive rate of HSP70 and grp94 was 84.9±4.94% and 79.6±5.16%, respectively. Both of them were stained in cell plasma. There was a significant difference compared with control group (1.9±0.94%, P<0.01). During the cell cycle, HSP70 and grp94 were continuously expressed in BGC-823. CONCLUSION: HSP70 and grp94 are highly expressed in human gastric carcinoma BGC-823 cells through the whole cell cycle. There is no relationship between expression of HSP70, grp94 and cell cycle.展开更多
Early brain injury（EBI） plays a key role in the pathogenesis of subarachnoid hemorrhage（SAH）. This study investigated the role of glucose-regulated protein 78（GRP78） in EBI after SAH. Male Sprague-Dawley rats（n...Early brain injury（EBI） plays a key role in the pathogenesis of subarachnoid hemorrhage（SAH）. This study investigated the role of glucose-regulated protein 78（GRP78） in EBI after SAH. Male Sprague-Dawley rats（n=108） weighing 260±40 g were divided into control, sham-operated, and operated groups. Blood was injected into the prechiasmatic cistern of rats in the operated group. Neurological scores, ultrastructures of neurons, apoptosis, and GRP78 expression in the hippocampus were examined using Garcia scoring system, transmission electron microscopy, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP nick-end labelling, and Western blotting at 1, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after SAH, respectively. The results showed that neurological scores were significantly decreased in the operated group as compared with those in control and sham-operated groups at 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. Metachromatin, chromatin pyknosis at the edge, endoplasmic reticulum swelling, and invagination of nuclear membrane were observed at 24 h in the operated group, indicating the early morphological changes of apoptosis. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly increased in the operated group as compared with that in control and sham-operated groups at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The GRP78 protein expression levels in the operated group were significantly elevated at all time points and reached the peak at 12 h. GRP78 expression was positively associated with apoptosis cells and negatively with neurological scores. In conclusion, EBI was demonstrated to occur after SAH and GRP78 was involved in the development of EBI after SAH.展开更多
目的：研究多种细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（cytokine-induced killing cells,CIK）对乳腺癌细胞株ZK-75-1的杀伤作用,并探讨其作用机制.方法：通过HE染色观察凋亡细胞ZK-75-1的形态学改变.应用TUNEL（TdT-mediated dUTPnick end labeling...目的：研究多种细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（cytokine-induced killing cells,CIK）对乳腺癌细胞株ZK-75-1的杀伤作用,并探讨其作用机制.方法：通过HE染色观察凋亡细胞ZK-75-1的形态学改变.应用TUNEL（TdT-mediated dUTPnick end labeling）法检测CIK细胞的凋亡.通过免疫细胞化学染色法检测ZK-75-1细胞中p53、p16、C-myc、Bcl-2及Bax的表达率.结果：HE染色显示,CIK细胞向ZK-75-1细胞靠近,形成典型的玫瑰花环状;肿瘤细胞的胞浆中出现颗粒状物,有的肿瘤细胞只见颗粒状碎片;而作为对照的乳腺癌细胞生长良好.TUNEL法检测显示,对照组细胞未染色或染呈均匀的淡蓝色;实验组凋亡的细胞缩小,核或核周染呈深蓝色.CIK细胞作用4～12 h ZK-75-1细胞的凋亡率上升,作用12～24h细胞的凋亡率下降,与对照组相比较有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.免疫细胞化学染色的结果表明,CIK细胞实验组p53、pi6、C-myc及Bcl-2蛋白随作用时间的延长均下降,Bax蛋白的表达上调,与对照组相比较均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论：CIK细胞对乳腺癌细胞ZK-75-1杀伤作用的机制之一,可能与p53、p16、C-myc、Bcl-2蛋白表达的下调及Bax蛋白表达的上调有关,并与CIK细胞作用的时间关系密切.展开更多
目的探讨银杏叶提取物对帕金森患者血清黑质二价金属离子转运蛋白(divalent metal transporter1,DMT1)、葡萄糖调节蛋白75(glucose regulated protein 75,grp75)及神经功能的影响。方法帕金森患者38例,根据用药不同分为对照组和实验组,...目的探讨银杏叶提取物对帕金森患者血清黑质二价金属离子转运蛋白(divalent metal transporter1,DMT1)、葡萄糖调节蛋白75(glucose regulated protein 75,grp75)及神经功能的影响。方法帕金森患者38例,根据用药不同分为对照组和实验组,每组各19例,对照组患者给予多巴丝肼片,实验组在对照组的基础上给予银杏叶提取物片,治疗连续4周。治疗结束后,对所有患者黑质DMT1、grp75及认知功能进行检测。结果与治疗前相比,治疗后2组患者的黑质DMT1水平较低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗后黑质DMT1水平较低(P<0.05)。与治疗前相比,治疗后2组患者的grp75水平较高(P<0.05),与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗后grp75水平较高(P<0.05)。与治疗前相比,治疗后2组患者的Mo CA评分较高(P<0.05),HAMD评分较低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗后Mo CA评分较高(P<0.05),HAMD评分较低(P<0.05)。结论银杏叶提取物能够显著降低帕金森患者黑质DMT1水平,升高grp75水平,改善认知功能。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma(BIDC)represents the largest heterotypic tumor group,and an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of BIDC is key to improving its prognosis.AIM To analyze the expression profiles and clinical implications of forkhead box M1(FOXM1),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),and glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78)in BIDC.METHODS A total of 65 BIDC patients and 70 healthy controls who presented to our hospital between August 2019 and May 2021 were selected for analysis.The peripheral blood FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 levels in both groups were measured and the association between their expression profiles in BIDC was examined.Additionally,we investigated the diagnostic value of FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 in patients with BIDC and their correlations with clinicopathological features.Furthermore,BIDC patients were followed for 1 year to identify factors influencing patient prognosis.RESULTS The levels of FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 were significantly higher in BIDC patients compared to healthy controls(P<0.05),and a positive correlation was observed among them(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 had excellent diagnostic value in predicting the occurrence of BIDC(P<0.05).Subsequently,we found significant differences in FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 levels among patients with different histological grades and metastasis statuses(with vs without)(P<0.05).Cox analysis revealed that FOXM1,COX-2,GRP78,increased histological grade,and the presence of tumor metastasis were independent risk factors for prognostic death in BIDC(P<0.001).CONCLUSION FOXM1,COX-2,and GRP78 exhibit abnormally high expression in BIDC,promoting malignant tumor development and closely correlating with prognosis.These findings hold significant research implications for the future diagnosis and treatment of BIDC.
基金Supported by the Research Fund for Young Scholars of Beijing,No. 02120031
文摘AIM: To investigate the correlation between clinicopathology and expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glucose-regulated protein 94 (grp94) in human colonic carcinoma. METHODS: The expression of HSP70 and grp94 was studied in 80 human colonic cancers with or without metastasis as well as in their adjacent mucous membrane by way of immunohistochemistry and pathology photograph analysis. RESULTS: The expression of HSP70 and grp94 was significantly higher in cancer than that in adjacent mucous membrane (92.5%, 85.0% vs 56.3%, 42.5%, P<0.01). HSP70 and grp94 expressed higher in moderately- and poorly-differentiated colonic cancers than that in their adjacent tissues (93.7%, 87.5%; 100%, 90% vs56.3%, 42.5%;P<0.01). Dukes C and D stages of colonic cancers showed higher positive rates than Dukes A and B stage groups (97.1%, 91.2%; 100%, 90.9%; vs 80%, 70%; 78.6%, 71.4%; P<0.05). There were definite differences in HSP70 and grp94 expression between metastasis groups and non-metastasis groups (100% vs 75%, 100% CONCLUSION: The HSP70 and grp94 expression rates in colonic cancer groups are significantly higher than that in their adjacent mucous membrane. The HSP70 and grp94 expression in poorly-differentiated colonic cancers with metastasis is significantly higher than well-differentiated cancers without metastasis. The overexpression of HSP70 and grp94 can be used as diagnostic or prognostic markers for colonic cancer.
基金Supported by the Youth Research Scientific Foundation of Beijing (02-31)
文摘AIM: To investigate the expression and significance of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glucose-regulated protein 94 (grp94) in human esophageai carcinoma and adjacent normal tissues. METHODS: The expression of HSP70 and grp94 in 78 human esophageai cancer and adjacent normal tissues was studied by immunohistochemistry and pathology photograph analysis. RESULTS: Both esophageai cancer and adjacent normal tissues could express HSP70 and grp94. Of the 78 cases of esophageai carcinoma, 95.0%(72/78) showed positive HSP70, mainly stained in nuclei, while grp94 was mainly stained in cell plasma, and the positive rate was 71.8% (56/78).There was a significant difference in the expression of HSP70 and grp94 between esophageai cancer and adjacent normal tissues (P<0.01). Compared with adjacent normal tissues, there was a significant difference between differential types and HSP70 expression (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: HSP70 and grp94 express differently in cell plasma and nuclei. The expression intensity of HSP70 is related to the differentiation of esophageai carcinoma.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81160067 and No.814600124
文摘AIM To investigate the protective effect of prostaglandin E1(PGE1) against endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stressinduced hepatocyte apoptosis, and to explore its underlying mechanisms.METHODS Thapsigargin(TG) was used to induce ER stress in the human hepatic cell line L02 and hepatocarcinomaderived cell line Hep G2. To evaluate the effects of PGE1 on TG-induced apoptosis, PGE1 was used an hour prior to TG treatment. Activation of unfolded protein response signaling pathways were detected by western blotting and quantitative real-time RTPCR. Apoptotic index and cell viability of L02 cells and Hep G2 cells were determined with flow cytometry and MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2 H-tetrazolium] assay. RESULTS Pretreatment with 1 μmol/L PGE1 protected against TG-induced apoptosis in both L02 cells and Hep G2 cells. PGE1 enhanced the TG-induced expression of C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP), glucose-regulated protein(GRP) 78 and spliced X box-binding protein 1 at 6 h. However, it attenuated their expressions after 24 h. PGE1 alone induced protein and m RNA expressions of GRP78; PGE1 also induced protein expression of DNA damage-inducible gene 34 and inhibited the expressions of phospho-PKR-like ER kinase, phosphoeukaryotic initiation factor 2α and CHOP. Treatment with protein kinase A(PKA)-inhibitor H89 or KT5720 blocked PGE1-induced up-regulation of GRP78. Further, the cytoprotective effect of PGE1 on hepatocytes was not observed after blockade of GRP78 expression by H89 or small interfering RNA specifically targeted against human GRP78.CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that PGE1 protects against ER stress-induced hepatocyte apoptosis via PKA pathwaydependent induction of GRP78 expression.
基金Supported by the Research Fund for Young Scholars of Beijing,No.02120031Research Program of Beijing Education Committee,No.0410025002
文摘AIM:To investigate the co-expression and significance of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glucose-regulated protein 94 (grp94) in human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823. METHODS: The expression and localization of HSP70 and grp94 in human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823 were determined by immunocytochemistry and indirect immunofluorescence cytochemical staining. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the correlation between expression of HSP70, grp94 and cell cycle in BGC-823 cell line. RESULTS: Gastric cancer cell line BGC-823 expressed high level of HSP70 and grp94. The positive rate of HSP70 and grp94 was 84.9±4.94% and 79.6±5.16%, respectively. Both of them were stained in cell plasma. There was a significant difference compared with control group (1.9±0.94%, P<0.01). During the cell cycle, HSP70 and grp94 were continuously expressed in BGC-823. CONCLUSION: HSP70 and grp94 are highly expressed in human gastric carcinoma BGC-823 cells through the whole cell cycle. There is no relationship between expression of HSP70, grp94 and cell cycle.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81360185)the Foundation of the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shihezi University of China(No.SS2011-095)
文摘Early brain injury（EBI） plays a key role in the pathogenesis of subarachnoid hemorrhage（SAH）. This study investigated the role of glucose-regulated protein 78（GRP78） in EBI after SAH. Male Sprague-Dawley rats（n=108） weighing 260±40 g were divided into control, sham-operated, and operated groups. Blood was injected into the prechiasmatic cistern of rats in the operated group. Neurological scores, ultrastructures of neurons, apoptosis, and GRP78 expression in the hippocampus were examined using Garcia scoring system, transmission electron microscopy, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP nick-end labelling, and Western blotting at 1, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after SAH, respectively. The results showed that neurological scores were significantly decreased in the operated group as compared with those in control and sham-operated groups at 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. Metachromatin, chromatin pyknosis at the edge, endoplasmic reticulum swelling, and invagination of nuclear membrane were observed at 24 h in the operated group, indicating the early morphological changes of apoptosis. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly increased in the operated group as compared with that in control and sham-operated groups at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The GRP78 protein expression levels in the operated group were significantly elevated at all time points and reached the peak at 12 h. GRP78 expression was positively associated with apoptosis cells and negatively with neurological scores. In conclusion, EBI was demonstrated to occur after SAH and GRP78 was involved in the development of EBI after SAH.
文摘目的：研究多种细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（cytokine-induced killing cells,CIK）对乳腺癌细胞株ZK-75-1的杀伤作用,并探讨其作用机制.方法：通过HE染色观察凋亡细胞ZK-75-1的形态学改变.应用TUNEL（TdT-mediated dUTPnick end labeling）法检测CIK细胞的凋亡.通过免疫细胞化学染色法检测ZK-75-1细胞中p53、p16、C-myc、Bcl-2及Bax的表达率.结果：HE染色显示,CIK细胞向ZK-75-1细胞靠近,形成典型的玫瑰花环状;肿瘤细胞的胞浆中出现颗粒状物,有的肿瘤细胞只见颗粒状碎片;而作为对照的乳腺癌细胞生长良好.TUNEL法检测显示,对照组细胞未染色或染呈均匀的淡蓝色;实验组凋亡的细胞缩小,核或核周染呈深蓝色.CIK细胞作用4～12 h ZK-75-1细胞的凋亡率上升,作用12～24h细胞的凋亡率下降,与对照组相比较有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.免疫细胞化学染色的结果表明,CIK细胞实验组p53、pi6、C-myc及Bcl-2蛋白随作用时间的延长均下降,Bax蛋白的表达上调,与对照组相比较均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论：CIK细胞对乳腺癌细胞ZK-75-1杀伤作用的机制之一,可能与p53、p16、C-myc、Bcl-2蛋白表达的下调及Bax蛋白表达的上调有关,并与CIK细胞作用的时间关系密切.
文摘目的探讨银杏叶提取物对帕金森患者血清黑质二价金属离子转运蛋白(divalent metal transporter1,DMT1)、葡萄糖调节蛋白75(glucose regulated protein 75,grp75)及神经功能的影响。方法帕金森患者38例,根据用药不同分为对照组和实验组,每组各19例,对照组患者给予多巴丝肼片,实验组在对照组的基础上给予银杏叶提取物片,治疗连续4周。治疗结束后,对所有患者黑质DMT1、grp75及认知功能进行检测。结果与治疗前相比,治疗后2组患者的黑质DMT1水平较低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗后黑质DMT1水平较低(P<0.05)。与治疗前相比,治疗后2组患者的grp75水平较高(P<0.05),与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗后grp75水平较高(P<0.05)。与治疗前相比,治疗后2组患者的Mo CA评分较高(P<0.05),HAMD评分较低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗后Mo CA评分较高(P<0.05),HAMD评分较低(P<0.05)。结论银杏叶提取物能够显著降低帕金森患者黑质DMT1水平,升高grp75水平,改善认知功能。
