魔鬼爪化学成分的研究

目的 研究魔鬼爪中的化学成分。方法 运用各种色谱方法进行化学成分的分离纯化，用理化方法解析其化学结构。结果 从该植物块茎中分得9个化舍物，其中1—5为苯乙醇苷类化合物，6为三萜皂苷，结构分别被鉴定为martynoside（1），6．acetylacteoside（2），β-（3′，4′-dihydroxyphenyl）ethyl-O-α—L—rhanmopyranosyl（1→3）-′-D-glucopyranoside（3），acteoside（4）＋isocteoside（5），7α，23-dihydroxytormentic acid ester glucoside（6），阿魏酸乙酯（7），二十五酸（8）及β-胡萝卜苷（9）。结论化舍物1，6，7，8均为从该植物中首次分离得到。

Isolation and Identification of Ecliptasaponin A andEcliptasaponin B from Eclipta alba(L.)Hassk

Two new triterpenoid glucosides ecliptasaponin A(3)and ecliptasaponin B(4)were isolated together with echinocystic acid(1)and oleanolic acid(2)from Eclipta alba(L.) Hassk.Their structures were deduced as 3β,16a-dihydroxy olean-12-ene-28-oic acid-3β-O-β-D-glu-copyranoside(3)and 3β-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-16a-hydroxy olean-12-ene-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),based on spectral analysis and chemical evidences as well as results ofhydrolysis.

Chemical Constituents of Silene jenisseensis Root

从旱麦瓶草（ＳｉｌｅｎｅｊｅｎｉｓｓｅｅｎｓｉｓＷｉｌｌｄ．）的根中分出３种化合物，根据理化常数及波谱分析鉴定了其中２个为α—菠菜甾醇葡萄糖甙（１），蜕皮甾酮（２）。这两个化合物均为首次从该植物中分得。

Synthesis of Glucoside Compounds of Ferrocenyl Phenols and Their Antianemic Activity

Six glucoside compounds have been synthesized by means of phase-transfer catalytic method and deacetylation from the starting material ferrocene. Their structures have been confirmed by elementary analysis, IR,1HNMR and MS. The antianemic activities of some compounds have also been tested. Results indicate that these glucoside compounds possess the antianemic activities and therefore, the further study is well worth making.

A New Glucoside from Rhodiola fastigiata (Crassulaceae)

A new glucoside, fastigitin A (1), namely 2-O-β-D-glucopyransyl-3-methyl-methyl pinalate, together with twelve known constituents (2-13), was isolated from the root of Rhodiola fastigiata (Hook. f. et Thoms.) S. H. Fu collected from Nujiang Lisu autonomous region, Yunnan, China. Their structures were identified by spectral (including 2D-NMR techniques) and chemical methods. Compounds 2 and 5-9 were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Chemical Components from the Fungus Engleromyces goetzei

A new ceramide, (2S,3S,4R, 10E)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxytetracosanoyl amino]-10-octadecene-1, 3,4-triol (1), together with twelve known compounds, cerebroside A, cerebroside B, cerebroside D, cytochalasin D, epoxycytochalasin D, cytochalasin C, loganin, cerevisterol, ergosta-7,22-dien-3beta, 5alpha, 6alpha-triol, ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one, ergosterol peroxide and ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol, was isolated from ethyl acetate fraction of Engleromyces goetzei P. Henn. The structure of new ceramide (1) was elucidated by spectral data and chemical method, especially by 2D-NMR techniques. All of the compounds except cytochalasin D were first obtained from this fungus.

A New Flavone C glycoside from Scutellaria baicalensis

A new flavone C glycoside, chrysin 8 C β D glucoside (1) and a known phenethyl alcohol glycoside, acteoside (2), were isolated for the first time from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis (Labiatae).

Total glucosides of paeony attenuates animal psoriasis induced inflammatory response through inhibiting STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation

OBJECTIVE Psoriasis is an immune system meditated disease,especially T cells.It disturbed many people around the world and hard to therapy.Paeonia lactiflora Pall has been used as a medicine in china for thousands of years.Recent studies has found that the main component of Paeonia lactiflora Pall can alleviates the immune response in many diseases.In this study,we researched the effects and possible mechanisms of total glucosides of paeony(TGP)on animal psoriasis in order to study the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of TGP in 5%propranolol creaminduced psoriasis in guinea pigs and Imiquimod(IMQ)cream-induced psoriasis in mice.METHODS The effect of TGP was evaluated using a psoriasis-like model of guinea pigs and mice.Ear thickness was accessed,and pathology injury was observed by HE staining.The levels of serum IL-1β,IL-6,IL-12,IL-17,IL-23,TNF-α,and IFN-γ,skin IL-17A,IL-22 and orphan nuclear receptor(RORγt)mRNA expression,proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),total or phosphorylated signal transducers and activators of transcription(STAT1 and STAT3)were determined by ELISA,real time PCR,immu⁃nohistochemical staining,and Western blotting,respectively.RESULTS Compared with model group,TGP treatment decreased the ear thickness,improved pathology of psoriasis,alleviated IMQ-induced keratinocyte proliferation,reduced the inflammatory cytokine,and downregulated IL-17A,IL-22,and RORγt mRNA in mice.Further study indicated that TGP inhibited STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation in lesion skins of psoriasis-like mice.CONCLUSION TGP alleviates the symptoms of psoriasis-like guinea pigs and mice,and the possible mechanism may relate to inhibit T helper 17(TH17)cell differentiation and keratinocytes proliferation by inhibiting STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation.

Effects of total glucosides of peony on immunological hepatic fibrosis in rats

AIM: To study the effects of total glucosides of peony (TGP) on immunological hepatic fibrosis induced by human albumin in rats.METHODS: Sixty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into: Normal group, model group, TGP (60 and 120 mg/kg) treatment groups and colchicines (0.1 mg/kg) treatment group. On the day before the rats were killed, those in TGP or colchicine groups received TGP or colchicine as above from the first day of tail vein injection of human albumin. The rats in normal and model groups were only administered with the same volume of vehicle. At the end of the 16th wk, rats in each group were killed. Blood and tissue specimens were taken. Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), nitric oxide (NO), content of malondialdehyde (MDA), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), were measured by biochemical methods. Serum procollagen type Ⅲ (PC Ⅲ) and laminin (LN) were determined by radioimmunoassay. Liver collagen level was determined by measuring hydroxyproline content in fresh liver samples. Hepatic tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and examined under a light microscope.RESULTS: Histological results showed that TGP improved the human albumin-induced alterations in the liver structure, alleviated lobular necrosis and significantly lowered collagen content. The antifibrotic effect of TGP was also confirmed by decreased serum content of LN and PCⅢ in TGP-treated group. Moreover, the treatment with TGP effectively reduced the hydroxyproline contentin liver homogenates. However, the level of ALT and AST increased in fibrotic rat but had no significance compared with normal control, whereas the ratio of A/G decreased without significance. TGP had no effect on level of ALT, AST and the ratio of A/G. Furthermore, TGP treatment significantly blocked the increase in MDA and NO, associated with a partial elevation in liver total antioxidant capacity including SOD and GSH-px.CONCLUSION: TGP has beneficial effects on hepaticfibrosis in rats by inhibition of collagen synthesis and decreasing oxidative stress.

New diterpenoid glucosides from Siegesbeckia pubescens

Five new diterpenoids isolated from Siegesbeckia pubescens, pubesides A similar toE, were established as ent-2 alpha ,15,16-trihydroxypimar-8(14)-en-2-O-beta -D-glucopyranoside (1), ent-15,16,19-trihydroxypimar-8(14)-en-19-O-beta -D-glucopyranoside (2), beta -D-glucopyranosyl-ent-15,16-dihydroxypimar-8(14)-en-19-oiclate (3), ent-2-oxo-15,16,19-trihydroxypimar-8(14)-en-19-O-beta -D-gluco-pyranoside (4), ent-2-oxo-15,16,19-trihydroxypimar-8(14)-en-19-O-beta -D-glucopyranoside-15,16-acetonide (5) by 1D and 2D NMR techniques.

The treatment of relapsing primary nephrotic syndrome in children

Objective: To explore better therapy and reduce the rate of re-relapse of primary nephritic syndrome in children who had been treated with corticosteroids but relapsed. Methods: Eighty relapsers were enrolled from Jan. 1994 to Apr. 2000, who were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group (n=39) had been treated with tripterysium glucosides for three months,with the control group (n=41) members were treated with cyclophosphmide (CTX) by intermission intravenous pulse, with total dose of CTX not being more than 150 mg/kg. Prednisone, meanwhile, was given to both groups. The total treatment period of prednisone was prolonged by 12-18 months. Results: After following up for 3-7 years, the re-relapse rates of both groups were observed. The re-relapse rate of the treatment group was 28.2% to 29.3% in the CTX-controlled group. The re-relapse rates between two groups were almost similar, and with no observed significant difference (P>0.05). The side effect of tripterysium glucosides was less than that of CTX. Conclusion: For the treatment of relapsing nephritic syndrome in children, the combination of tripterysium glucosides and prolonged corticosteroid therapy is as effective as the regimen of CTX plus prolonged use of prednisone.

Two new glycosides from the genus of Cassia

Two new glycosides were isolated and characterized by spectral analysis from the seeds of Cassia obtusifolia and the leaves of Cassia angustifolia. The structure was elucidated as 1-hydroxyl-2-acetyl-3,8-dimethoxynaphthalene-6-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl- （1→2）-β-D-glucopyranoside and 2-acetyl-3-methyl-8-methoxyl-1,4-naphthoquinone-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside.

Two new glucosides from the pellicle of the walnut (Juglans regia)

A newα-tetralonyl glucoside,6'-O-acetyl-juglanoside E(1),and a new dihydrophaseic acid glucoside,dihydrophaseic acid 1-O-(6-O-acetyl)-glucopyranoside(2),together with two known ones,juglanoside E(3)and dihydrophaseic acid(4),were isolated from the pellicle of the walnut(Juglans regia).The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis,including IR,HRESIMS,1D and 2D NMR data.

Synthesis of Glucoside Bonded Metal Porphyrins

The reactions of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(p-hydroxyphenyl) porphyrin 1 and 5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(p-methoxyphenyl) porphyrin 2 with 1-bromo-2,3,4,6-O-acetyl-alpha -D- glucoside 3 respectively afforded 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[p-(2,3,4,6-O-acetyl-glucoside)-1-O-phenyl]porphyrin 4 and 5,10,15-tris(p-methoxyphenyl)-20-[p-(2,3,4,6-O-acetyl-glucoside)-1-O-phenyl] porphyrin 5. Their metal complexes Co-II(4), Mn-II (4) and Co-II(5), Mn-II'(5) also have been prepared. These new compounds have been identified by IR, UV-visible,H-1 NMR spectra and elemental analysis.

One New Diterpene Glucoside from the Roots of Rhododendron molle

One new grayanane diterpene glucoside, rhodomoside A 1 was isolated from the roots of Rhododendron molle G. Don (Ericaccae). Its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis.

REDUCING NONSELECTIVE PROTEIN ADSORPTION AND CELL ADHESION ON POLYACRYLONITRILE FILMS BY COPOLYMERIZATION OF ACRYLONITRILE WITH α-ALLYL GLUCOSIDE

In this work, the surface properties of novel sugar-containing polymers, α-allyl glucoside (AG)/acrylonitrile (AN)copolymers, were studied by contact angle, protein adsorption and cell adhesion measurements. It was found that the contactangle of the copolymer films decreased from 68° to 30° with the increase of AG content in the copolymer. The adsorptionamount of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the adhesive macrophage onto the film surface also decreased significantly withincreasing α-allyl glucoside content from 0 to 42 wt% in the copolymer. These preliminary results reveal that both thehydrophilicity and the biocompatibility of polyacrylonitrile-based membranes could be improved by copolymerizin gacrylonitrile with vinyl carbohydrates.

Tetrahydroxy Stilbene Glucoside Ameliorates Cognitive Impairments and Pathology in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice

Cognitive impairment is the main clinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease(AD),and amyloid-β(AB)deposition and senile plaques are the characteristic neuropathological hallmarks in AD brains.This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of tetrahydroxy stilbene glucoside(TSG)on cognitive function in APP/PS 1 mice during long-term administration.Here,we treated APP/PS1 model mice of AD with different doses of TSG(50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg)for 5 to 17 months by gavage,and we further observed whether TSG could ameliorate the cognitive decline in APP/PS1 mice using behavioral tests,and investigated the possible mechanisms by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.Our results showed that TSG treatment rescued the spatial and non-spatial learning and memory impairments of APP/PS1 mice at Morris water maze test and novel object recognition test.Furthermore,Aβ40/42 deposition in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice treated with TSG was significantly reduced compared to the wild type mice using the immunohistochemical technique.Finally,Western blotting showed that TSG primarily decreased the APP expression to avoid the Aβplaque deposition in the cortex and hippocampus of mice.These results reveal the beneficial effects of TSG in APP/PSI-AD mice,which may be associated with the reduction of Aβdeposits in the brain.

Two New Iridoid Glucosides from Clerodendrum serratum

Two new iridoid glucosides, serratoside A and serratoside B, were isolated from the aerial parts of Clerodendrum serratum var. amplexifolium Moldenke. Their structures were elucidated by spectral and chemical methods.

Oldhamioside, A New Phenolic Glucoside from Daphniphyllum oldhamii

Further phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of the stem of Daphniphyllum oldhamii afforded a new phenolic glucoside, named oldhamioside 1, together with eleven known compounds, koaburaside 2, betulin, 28-hydroxyl-3-lupenone, pineresinol, syringaresinol, 4-O-methyl- cedrusin, narigenin, eriodictyol, apigenin, loureirin C, and asperuloside. The structures of new and known compounds were characterized by detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison of their spectral data with reported values.

Two new secoiridoid glucosides from Syringa velutina Kom

Chemical investigation of Syringa velutina Kom. led to the isolation of two new secoiridoid glucosides. Their structures were identified as 6＇-O-（6, 7-dihyrofoliamenthoyl）-8-epi-longisidic acid （syrveoside A, 1） and 6＇-O-menthiafoloyl-8-epi-ldngisidic acid （syrveoside B, 2） on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence.