Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) lines T1, T4, and T6 were genetically modified to increase glycine betaine(GB) synthesis by introduction of the BADH(betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, BADH)gene from mountain spinach(Atriplex...Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) lines T1, T4, and T6 were genetically modified to increase glycine betaine(GB) synthesis by introduction of the BADH(betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, BADH)gene from mountain spinach(Atriplex hortensis L.). These transgenic lines and WT of wheat(T. aestivum L.) were used to study the effect of increased GB synthesis on wheat tolerance to salt stress. Salt stress due to 200 mmol L-1Na Cl impaired the photosynthesis of the four wheat lines, as indicated by declines in net photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs),maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII(Fv/Fm), and actual photochemical efficiency of PSII(ФPSII) and an increase in intercellular CO2concentration(Ci). In comparison with WT, the effect of salinity on the three transgenic lines was mild. Salt stress caused disadvantageous changes in lipids and their fatty acid compositions in the thylakoid membrane of the transgenic lines and WT. Under salt stress, the three transgenic lines showed slightly higher chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and higher Hill reaction activities and Ca2+-ATPase activity than WT. All the results suggest that overaccumulation of GB resulting from introduction of the BADH gene can enhance the salt tolerance of transgenic plants, especially in the protection of the components and function of thylakoid membranes, thereby making photosynthesis better. Changes in lipids and fatty acid compositions in the thylakoid membrane may be involved in the increased salt stress tolerance of the transgenic lines.展开更多
Many plants accumulate compatible solutes in response to the imposition of environmental stresses.Glycine betaine, which is one of compatible solutes in cell of plants,has been shown to have surviving ability for plan...Many plants accumulate compatible solutes in response to the imposition of environmental stresses.Glycine betaine, which is one of compatible solutes in cell of plants,has been shown to have surviving ability for plant from salt stress.Effect of glycine betaine on improving plant salt resistance was discussed in plants under salt stress.The accumulation of glycine betaine protects plants against the damaging effects of stress.Strategies of glycine betaine against the damaging effects of stress were analyzed to clarify the roles of glycine betaine in salt stress tolerance of plants.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the relationship between Glycine betaine and the salt-tolerance mechanism of different pumpkins and confirm the mechanism of betaine in salt-tolerance physiology.[Method] Taki...[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the relationship between Glycine betaine and the salt-tolerance mechanism of different pumpkins and confirm the mechanism of betaine in salt-tolerance physiology.[Method] Taking the seedlings of C.ficifolia and Qingli pumpkin as test materials,the effects of glycine betaine on the cell membrane permeability,MDA and root activity of two varieties of pumpkin seedlings under 300 mmol/L NaCl stress were studied.[Result] At suitable concentrations,glycine betaine could d...展开更多
Growth and osmotic response of Lactobacillus bulgaricus ATCC 11842 under hyperosmotic constraint were investigated in a chemically defined medium （CDM） and MRS medium. NaCl could inhibit the growth of L. bulgaricus ...Growth and osmotic response of Lactobacillus bulgaricus ATCC 11842 under hyperosmotic constraint were investigated in a chemically defined medium （CDM） and MRS medium. NaCl could inhibit the growth of L. bulgaricus which decreased with increasing NaCl concentration. In the MRS, NaCl of 1.0 mol·L-1 was the biggest salt stress concentration; in the CDM, 0.8 mol·L-1 was the biggest inhibition concentration. In contrast to what was observed in other lactic acid bacteria, proline, glycine betaine and related molecules were unable to relieve inhibition of growth of L. bulgaricus under osmotic constraint. This was correlated to the absence of sequences homologous to the genes coding for glycine-betaine and/or proline transporters described in Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus subtilis. The amino acid aspartate and alanine were proved to be osmoprotective under NaCl stress. Addition of peptone （0.25% w/v） in the presence of salt led to a stimulation of the growth, as the decrease of the lag time and generation time, and the final biomass increased from 0.31 to 0.64.展开更多
采用石蜡切片和光学显微技术,对生长在白城郊区和长春市不同生态环境下的001号和010号野生大豆(Glycine soja Seib.et Zucc).,进行同步栽培试验、同步结构比较研究。结果发现,生长在白城郊区的野生大豆根演化出比长春市生长的野生大豆...采用石蜡切片和光学显微技术,对生长在白城郊区和长春市不同生态环境下的001号和010号野生大豆(Glycine soja Seib.et Zucc).,进行同步栽培试验、同步结构比较研究。结果发现,生长在白城郊区的野生大豆根演化出比长春市生长的野生大豆较高级的抗盐结构。盐渍环境下白城郊区的野生大豆001号和010号的根变粗、周皮厚度增大、次生木质部导管孔径大、数量多,木质部管孔链多,长春市的野生大豆根较细,单管孔多。试验结果表明,野生大豆植物在盐碱环境胁迫下,根已经演化出颉颃逆境结构,这些变化证明盐胁迫直接影响了野生大豆植物体根形态结构的形成。展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31370304)the Opening Foundation of the State Key Laboratory ofCrop Biology (No 2013KF01)funded by the Education Department of Henan Province (No. 14A180036)
文摘Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) lines T1, T4, and T6 were genetically modified to increase glycine betaine(GB) synthesis by introduction of the BADH(betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, BADH)gene from mountain spinach(Atriplex hortensis L.). These transgenic lines and WT of wheat(T. aestivum L.) were used to study the effect of increased GB synthesis on wheat tolerance to salt stress. Salt stress due to 200 mmol L-1Na Cl impaired the photosynthesis of the four wheat lines, as indicated by declines in net photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs),maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII(Fv/Fm), and actual photochemical efficiency of PSII(ФPSII) and an increase in intercellular CO2concentration(Ci). In comparison with WT, the effect of salinity on the three transgenic lines was mild. Salt stress caused disadvantageous changes in lipids and their fatty acid compositions in the thylakoid membrane of the transgenic lines and WT. Under salt stress, the three transgenic lines showed slightly higher chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and higher Hill reaction activities and Ca2+-ATPase activity than WT. All the results suggest that overaccumulation of GB resulting from introduction of the BADH gene can enhance the salt tolerance of transgenic plants, especially in the protection of the components and function of thylakoid membranes, thereby making photosynthesis better. Changes in lipids and fatty acid compositions in the thylakoid membrane may be involved in the increased salt stress tolerance of the transgenic lines.
基金Supported by 11th Five Years Key Programs for Science and Technology Development of China(2006BAD03A0306)
文摘Many plants accumulate compatible solutes in response to the imposition of environmental stresses.Glycine betaine, which is one of compatible solutes in cell of plants,has been shown to have surviving ability for plant from salt stress.Effect of glycine betaine on improving plant salt resistance was discussed in plants under salt stress.The accumulation of glycine betaine protects plants against the damaging effects of stress.Strategies of glycine betaine against the damaging effects of stress were analyzed to clarify the roles of glycine betaine in salt stress tolerance of plants.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30660015)Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology of Ministry of Agriculture of the People s Republic of China(2003-2005)~~
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the relationship between Glycine betaine and the salt-tolerance mechanism of different pumpkins and confirm the mechanism of betaine in salt-tolerance physiology.[Method] Taking the seedlings of C.ficifolia and Qingli pumpkin as test materials,the effects of glycine betaine on the cell membrane permeability,MDA and root activity of two varieties of pumpkin seedlings under 300 mmol/L NaCl stress were studied.[Result] At suitable concentrations,glycine betaine could d...
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Funds (31201397)Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT0959)Doctor Start Fund of Northeast Agricultural University (2010RCB59)
文摘Growth and osmotic response of Lactobacillus bulgaricus ATCC 11842 under hyperosmotic constraint were investigated in a chemically defined medium （CDM） and MRS medium. NaCl could inhibit the growth of L. bulgaricus which decreased with increasing NaCl concentration. In the MRS, NaCl of 1.0 mol·L-1 was the biggest salt stress concentration; in the CDM, 0.8 mol·L-1 was the biggest inhibition concentration. In contrast to what was observed in other lactic acid bacteria, proline, glycine betaine and related molecules were unable to relieve inhibition of growth of L. bulgaricus under osmotic constraint. This was correlated to the absence of sequences homologous to the genes coding for glycine-betaine and/or proline transporters described in Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus subtilis. The amino acid aspartate and alanine were proved to be osmoprotective under NaCl stress. Addition of peptone （0.25% w/v） in the presence of salt led to a stimulation of the growth, as the decrease of the lag time and generation time, and the final biomass increased from 0.31 to 0.64.
文摘采用石蜡切片和光学显微技术,对生长在白城郊区和长春市不同生态环境下的001号和010号野生大豆(Glycine soja Seib.et Zucc).,进行同步栽培试验、同步结构比较研究。结果发现,生长在白城郊区的野生大豆根演化出比长春市生长的野生大豆较高级的抗盐结构。盐渍环境下白城郊区的野生大豆001号和010号的根变粗、周皮厚度增大、次生木质部导管孔径大、数量多,木质部管孔链多,长春市的野生大豆根较细,单管孔多。试验结果表明,野生大豆植物在盐碱环境胁迫下,根已经演化出颉颃逆境结构,这些变化证明盐胁迫直接影响了野生大豆植物体根形态结构的形成。
