Role of self-help groups on socioeconomic development and the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)among rural women in Cooch Behar District,India

This study examines the transformative role of self-help groups(SHGs)in the socioeconomic development of rural women in Cooch Behar District,India,and their contribution toward achieving Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)of the United Nations.In this study,we explored the effect of SHGs on rural women by specifically addressing SDGs,such as no poverty(SDG 1),zero hunger(SDG 2),good health and well-being(SDG 3),quality education(SDG 4),and gender equality(SDG 5).Given this issue,a cross-sectional survey and comparison analyses are needed to assess the socioeconomic development of rural women and their awareness level before and after the participation of rural women in SHGs.The survey conducted as part of this study was divided into three sections,namely,demographic characteristics,socioeconomic development,and awareness level,with each focusing on different aspects.A group of 400 individuals who were part of SHGs completed the questionnaire survey form.The results showed that the participation of rural women in SHGs significantly improved their socioeconomic development and awareness level,as supported by both mean values and t test results.Memberships in SHGs and microcredit programs were the major elements that boosted the socioeconomic development of rural women,which also achieves SDGs 1,2,3,4,and 5.This study revealed that participation in SHGs and related financial services significantly aided rural women in economically disadvantaged communities in accumulating savings and initiating entrepreneurial ventures.Moreover,participation in SHGs was instrumental in enhancing the self-confidence,self-efficacy,and overall self-esteem of rural women.Finally,doing so enabled them to move more freely for work and other activities and to make family and common decisions.

Spatial differences of Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)among counties(cities)on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains

The county(city)located on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains is the primary area to solidify and extend the success of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China in poverty alleviation.Its Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)are intertwined with the concerted economic and social development of Xinjiang and the objective of achieving shared prosperity within the region.This study established a sustainable development evaluation framework by selecting 15 SDGs and 20 secondary indicators from the United Nations’SDGs.The aim of this study is to quantitatively assess the progress of SDGs at the county(city)level on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains.The results indicate that there are substantial variations in the scores of SDGs among the nine counties and one city located on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains.Notable high scores of SDGs are observed in the central and eastern regions,whereas lower scores are prevalent in the western areas.The scores of SDGs,in descending order,are as follows:62.22 for Minfeng County,54.22 for Hotan City,50.21 for Qiemo County,42.54 for Moyu County,41.56 for Ruoqiang County,41.39 for Qira County,39.86 for Lop County,38.25 for Yutian County,38.10 for Pishan County,and 36.87 for Hotan County.The performances of SDGs reveal that Hotan City,Lop County,Minfeng County,and Ruoqiang County have significant sustainable development capacity because they have three or more SDGs ranked as green color.However,Hotan County,Moyu County,Qira County,and Yutian County show the poorest performance,as they lack SDGs with green color.It is important to establish and enhance mechanisms that can ensure sustained income growth among poverty alleviation beneficiaries,sustained improvement in the capacity of rural governance,and the gradual improvement of social security system.These measures will facilitate the effective implementation of SDGs.Finally,this study offers a valuable support for governmental authorities and relevant departments in their decision-making processes.In addition,these results hold significant reference value for assessing SDGs at the county(city)level,particularly in areas characterized by low levels of economic development.

基于SDGs的乡村可持续发展评价指标体系

在城镇化和工业化不断深入推进的背景下,乡村正面临严峻的人口流失、城乡收入差距扩大、农业资源价值实现不充分、城乡二元结构突出等不可持续问题,已经成为中国全面落实联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)的短板。对接国家乡村振兴战略、可持续发展战略的实施需求,在乡村可持续发展的概念演变与发展形势分析基础上,该研究瞄准实现可持续发展目标的3个基本维度(发展动力、发展质量、发展公平),从乡村生产要素、自然要素、社会要素与乡村治理四个方面讨论了乡村可持续发展的内涵及核心目标,即:激活乡村产业发展动力,保障乡村发展质量,建设公平和谐乡村社会,形成健全乡村治理机制,尝试阐释“什么样的乡村才是可持续发展的乡村?”这一核心命题。借鉴当前国家和城市层面SDGs进展情况的评价经验和评估范式,讨论了乡村可持续发展评价指标体系设计的基本原则、构建思路和评估方法。聚焦乡村可持续发展目标与方向,在SDGs本土化探索经验分析基础上,统筹国家相关战略、规划和政策行动确定的关键指标,识别筛选了乡村可持续发展密切相关的SDGs考核指标,构建了由136项指标组成的乡村可持续发展基础指标库。考虑乡村可持续发展能力和水平评估的现实需求,进一步确定了由4大目标层、13项准则层和34项具体指标组成的乡村可持续发展评估指标体系和评价技术,以期为系统评估乡村SDGs的进展、精准识别乡村发展的不可持续性问题提供依据,为乡村振兴战略与可持续发展战略的融合提供理论、技术与决策支撑,助力乡村落实2030年可持续发展议程。

Cross-national Perspectives on Using Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) Indicators for Monitoring Sustainable Development: A Database and Analysis

Sustainable development is the theme of the 21st century. To monitor the progress of sustainable development, the United Nations launched Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) in 2015. Subsequently, nations of the world have drawn up a list of localized indicators regarding the United Nations SDGs as a paradigm. We established a database including SDGs indicator systems of 11 economies by collecting and determining a large number of materials. Based on this database, we analyzed SDGs indicators by designing a conceptual framework of comparative analysis that included three views. We found that the SDGs indicator systems of 11 economies are different between the number of indicators, the proportion of different categories, and the connotation of indicators. Although the SDGs indicator systems among economies regarded the United Nations SDGs as a framework and included the major social problems related to sustainability, the inconsistency between SDGs indicator systems is large. It is a major reason why scholars lack the systematic method for developing indicators. There are challenges faced in data accessibility. The framework for comparative analysis could be applied to different economies.

基于GTWR的长三角SDGs协同与权衡分析

可持续发展目标(SDGs)存在复杂的相互关联关系,分析指标间的协同权衡关系对可持续发展目标的相互促进与共同实现具有重要意义。收集2000-2020年长三角城市的60个指标数据,采用地理时空加权回归模型,探索指标间协同权衡关系及其时空演变特征,分析长三角区域各城市的权衡转变与缓解情况。结果表明:长三角地区SDGs指标间主要呈现协同促进关系,且存在显著的空间集聚现象;21年来长三角地区权衡关系得到了较大改善,尤其是SDG4(优质教育)、SDG8(体面工作和经济增长)和SDG11(可持续城市和社区),其交互作用变得更加协调。

陆地高分辨率水文—生物地球化学过程CNMM-DNDC三维模型的研发及应用进展

CNMM-DNDC模型是本文作者团队研发的陆地高分辨率水文—生物地球化学过程三维模型。本文系统介绍了建模背景和理念、核心过程和模型特点、模拟功能和观测验证、多尺度区域或流域初步应用以及未来发展展望。自2018年刊发首个版本以来,该模型经过了多方面科学过程改进和模拟功能扩展,在元素化学反应、物质相变和机械迁移等基本物理、化学、生物过程层面,完成了对陆地表层系统碳氮磷水循环全耦合的精细刻画。迄今开展的观测验证表明,CNMM-DNDC模型基本普适于不同生物气候带(从热带到寒区多年冻土地带)的流域或区域长时间序列“三高”(时间、空间和过程高分辨率)综合模拟,实现对陆地生态系统的碳、氮、磷、水三维运移、水土流失、水力驱动溶解态和颗粒态碳氮磷横向迁移、碳氮温室气体和污染气体排放、生态系统生产力、水分蒸散发和水分能量平衡等众多可持续发展目标表征变量的预测。该模型广泛推广应用于多尺度区域或流域的复杂过程虚拟科学试验研究和服务于面向生态环境建设与减污降碳的优化调控决策,可望为协同落实联合国多个可持续发展目标提供先进的数值模拟技术支撑。

顾及地理空间视角的区域SDGs综合评估方法与示范

目前世界各国正积极落实联合国《2030年可持续发展议程》及其17项可持续发展目标(Sustainable Development Goals,英文缩写为SDGs),重要举措之一是利用统计和地理信息进行SDGs进展评估监测。就总体而言,国内外这方面研究尚处于概念设计、方法探讨和单指标、小范围试点阶段。究其原因,主要是涉及因素众多、技术过程复杂,既面临全球指标体系的科学理解、海量时空数据的融合处理、顾及地理视角的指标计算、基于事实的SDGs分析评估等诸多技术难题,还要实现跨学科的综合分析、多机构的沟通协调等。针对这一国际前沿课题,笔者研究提出了统计和地理信息相结合的综合评估方法,完成了浙江省德清县践行2030议程情况的定量综合评估。既为总结当地践行SDGs经验、发现存在问题、制定改进方案提供了重要科学依据,也为国内外其他区域开展SDGs定量评估监测提供了可借鉴的方法与范例。

可持续生态学视角下生态产品价值实现的思路

生态产品价值实现是工业文明向生态文明过渡的产物,是“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念的重要实践。中国在生态产品价值实现的实践探索和理论研究中注重生态产品价值转化,但在一定程度上忽视了生态产品价值可持续实现的问题,导致生态产品价值实现在理念认知、保护修复、产业发展、部门协同、价值共享等方面出现了不可持续的趋势。可持续生态学在生态产品价值实现过程中扮演着核心角色,它不仅关注人类社会经济活动与自然生态系统之间的矛盾,而且致力于探索两者协调发展的可行路径。该研究基于可持续生态学的发展度-协调度-持续度的三维评价体系,采用文本分析与案例研究相结合的方法,以可持续发展理论为指导,结合社会-经济-自然复合生态系统的内在逻辑,综合考虑质量、动力和公平三个关键要素,构建了生态产品价值可持续实现的理论分析框架。该理论分析框架着重关注生态产品价值实现的全过程,特别遵循三个基本原则:在前端,与2030年联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)紧密对接,确保生态产品价值实现与全球可持续发展议程同步;在中端,尊重地域差异性,将地方实践与生态产品价值的转化相结合;在末端,实现生态产品价值的均等共享,与社会持续公平系统相衔接,确保代际公平。基于生态产品价值可持续实现的理论分析框架,提出中国生态产品价值可持续实现的推进思路,即深挖动力要素以支撑健康发展、注重质量元素以调动多方协调、考虑公平元素以确保代际均衡,为促进生态产品价值可持续实现,促进生态文明建设,实现人与自然和谐共生的现代化提供科学依据。

联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)背景下中国人工流产和避孕的现状与对策

目的:分析中国人工流产水平和避孕现状,为实现联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)和《中国落实2030年可持续发展议程国别方案》中的生殖健康目标,制定有效的干预措施提供依据。方法:利用《中国卫生和计划生育统计年鉴》收集全国的已婚育龄妇女避孕现用率、人工流产数、活产数以及《中国统计年鉴》中报告的全国平均育龄妇女数,计算人工流产率和人工流产活产比。结果:我国育龄妇女人工流产率从2014年呈上升趋势,到2016年达28.13‰,2017年略微下降;人工流产活产比的变化趋势与人工流产率基本一致,2014—2017年均在0.5以上;2009—2017年已婚育龄妇女避孕现用率均保持在80%,但从2010年开始呈逐年下降趋势,未婚但性活跃女性的避孕状况缺乏统计数据,但若干全国性调查研究显示,这部分人群的避孕方法使用不足,在人工流产总数中占较大比例。结论:尽管已婚育龄妇女避孕现用率较高,但人工流产指标处于较高水平,提示计划生育服务质量不高,未婚人群对计划生育服务的可及性差,未婚性活跃人群避孕需求未得到满足。建议采取措施提高有避孕需求育龄妇女的避孕质量和落实人工流产后避孕服务规范,降低人工流产率和重复人工流产率,向未婚人群提供与已婚人群"一视同仁"的生殖健康服务,为青少年提供包含性别平等和权利意识的全面性教育。

基于地理信息的可持续发展目标(SDGs)量化评估

执行期为2016-2030年的联合国《2030年可持续发展议程》提出了17项可持续发展目标(Sustainability Development Goals,以下简称SDGs)。为切实做好其后续落实与评估措施,联合国提出了SDGs量化评估的总体思路,要求各成员国综合利用统计和地理信息,对本国可持续发展进程进行定量评估与分析,以发现存在的问题,提出改进措施。目前这项工作刚刚起步,评估指标体系尚待完善和本土化,基础数据的完善与更新任重道远,提取计算方法亟待开发或优化,远不能满足SDGs量化评估与持续监测的实践需要。我国是世界测绘大国,地理信息资源建设居于国际前列,现代通讯技术及基础设施遍及城乡,理应发挥大国作用,加快这方面的试点研究。这既可服务国家和各地可持续发展的实践,又可为国际社会做示范、出经验。此外,还应该加强这一领域的基础研究,以更好地指导SDGs量化评估与持续监测的技术研发与应用实践。

基于SDGs的中国可持续发展评价指标体系设计

可持续发展目标(SDGs)是继千年发展目标(MDGs)之后联合国期望彻底解决社会、经济和环境3个维度发展问题而制定的具有一定约束性的目标指标体系。科学地监测和评估可持续发展目标的进展是确保实现SDGs的关键,也是各国均面临的困难和挑战之一。受制于发展的不充分性与不平衡性,不同国家及地区在实施SDGs上面临的主要问题和关注的重点也不同。文章以可持续发展目标演变为基础,梳理了MDGs到SDGs的变化过程,结合可持续发展目标指标机构间专家组(IAEG-SDGs)提出的全球指标框架及动态发展分析了全球层面落实SDGs的进展情况,指出了当前中国实施SDGs的机遇与挑战。以全球指标框架为基础,统筹国家相关规划和政策行动确定的关键指标,考虑中国当前统计数据的可获得性、相关指标的权威性及频度,对接SDGs语境下17项目标、169项子目标、231个指标的考核基础条件,对SDGs相对应的国内考核指标进行筛选,提出了构建SDGs中国本土化评价指标体系的设计原则与思路,建立了由142项指标组成的SDGs中国本土化指标框架体系。对接当前城市尺度可持续发展相关评价与考核基础,衔接国家可持续发展议程创新示范区建立的目标指标,对中国本土化评价指标体系进行城市层面的二次本地化,建立了由71项指标组成的中国城市可持续发展指标体系;考虑城市可持续发展能力和水平评估的现实需求,确定了23项关键指标,建立了由人类健康福祉指数、资源环境可持续利用指数及社会经济发展动力可持续性指数组成的城市可持续发展水平评估技术体系,以推动SDGs在中国从理念到实践、从目标到结果的实现。

Identifying influencing factors and characterizing key issues in urban sustainable development capacity through machine learning

In response to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and China’s“Dual Carbon”Goals(DCGs means the goals of“Carbon Peak and carbon neutrality”),this paper from the perspective of the construction of China’s Innovation Demonstration Zones for Sustainable Development Agenda(IDZSDAs),combines carbon emission-related metrics to construct a comprehensive assessment system for Urban Sustainable Development Capacity(USDC).After obtaining USDC assessment results through the assessment system,an approach combining Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator(LASSO)regression and Random Forest(RF)based on machine learning is proposed for identifying influencing factors and characterizing key issues.Combining Coupling Coordination Degree(CCD)analysis,the study further summarizes the systemic patterns and future directions of urban sustainable development.A case study on the IDZSDAs from 2015 to 2022 reveals that:(1)the combined identification method based on machine learning and CCD models effectively quantifies influencing factors and key issues in the urban sustainable development process;(2)the correspondence between influencing factors and key subsystems identified by the LASSO-RF combination model is generally consistent with the development situations in various cities;and(3)the machine learning-based combined recognition method is scalable and dynamic.It enables decision-makers to accurately identify influencing factors and characterize key issues based on actual urban development needs.

Overview of Jute Fibre as Thermoplastic Matrix Polymer Reinforcement

Recent decades have seen a substantial increase in interest in research on natural fibres that is aligned with sustainable development goals(SDGs).Due to their renewable resources and biodegradability,natural fiberreinforced composites have been investigated as a sustainable alternative to synthetic materials to reduce the usage of hazardous waste and environmental pollution.Among the natural fibre,jute fibre obtained from a bast plant has an increasing trend in the application,especially as a reinforcement material.Numerous research works have been performed on jute fibre with regard to reinforced thermoset and thermoplastic composites.Nevertheless,current demands on sustainable materials have required new developments in thermoplastic composites.In this paper,the author reviews jute plants as reinforcement materials for thermoplastic matrix polymers.This review provides an overview of the sustainability of jute plants as reinforcement material for thermoplastic matrix polymers.The overview on jute based thermoplastic composites focused on the thermal behavior and mechanical properties.Apart from physical,chemical,and mechanical properties,the study also covers the current and perspectives for future research challenges faced by the researchers on jute fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites.

Assessment of rural sustainable development and analysis and prediction of obstacles and coupled coordinated development:A case study of Zaozhuang City

In China,the Innovation Demonstration Zone for the National Sustainable Development Agenda is a key initiative for executing the United Nations(UN)2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.The Zone also plays critical roles in addressing the developmental bottlenecks that China faces and sharing Chinese insights into global sustainable development efforts.On July 15,2022,the State Council endorsed the Zone’s establishment in Zaozhuang City,Shandong Province,where it focuses on innovation-led sustainable development in rural areas.Research into the levels,impediments,interdependencies,and evolutionary trends of rural sustainable development is crucial.Therefore,this research aimed to assist in comprehensively assessing developmental challenges and facilitating the harmonious advancement of social,economic,and environmental aspects in rural areas.In pursuit of the three fundamental dimensions of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),namely development’s drivers,quality,and equity,this study was grounded in China’s national Rural Revitalization Strategy and the demands of sustainable development strategies.It also aligns with the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the associated SDG indicators.Focusing on four key areas,namely production elements,natural elements,social elements,and rural governance,this study developed an evaluation index system for assessing the level of rural sustainable development.It employed a range of analytical models,including the game theory-based combination empowerment method,barrier degree model,coupling degree model,coupling coordination degree model,and gray prediction GM(1,1)model,to analyze the status and evolving trends of rural sustainable development in Zaozhuang City from 2015 to 2022.The key findings were as follows:①Relative to the baseline year 2015,the sustainable development level in Zaozhuang’s rural areas has shifted toward an improved state overall.②The primary barrier to achieving rural sustainable development in Zaozhuang is the city’s rural governance system.③While the components of rural sustainable development in Zaozhuang are in the early stages of both basic and moderate coordination,an overall enhancement has occurred in their integrative coordination.④Between 2023 and 2025,the level of integrative coordination in Zaozhuang is expected to rise steadily.However,reaching a state of advanced coordination will require additional time for development.

Employment and development levels in rural areas of the Russian Federation

The development of agro-industrial complex is important for ensuring national food security and national health.The development of rural areas is subject to the development of agriculture and local infrastructure,as well as the availability of various services.This study selected 15 indicators in 2021 to analyze the employment and development levels in rural areas of 71 regions of the Russian Federation using the analytical grouping method.The results indicated that 20 regions(Group 1)had the highest percentage of rural population(33.10%).The percentage of population engaged in agriculture had the highest value(12.40%)in 31 regions(Group 2).Moreover,20 regions(Group 3)had the highest investments in fixed assets at the expense of municipal budget(11.80 USD/person).Increasing the investments in fixed assets carried out from the budget of the municipality can improve the employment level in rural areas.Then,we used cluster analysis to divide 14 regions of the Volga Federal District in the Russian Federation into 3 clusters.Cluster 1 covered Kirov Region and Republic of Mari El;Cluster 2 included Ulyanovsk Region,Saratov Region,Nizhny Novgorod Region,Perm Territory,Orenburg Region,Chuvash Region,and Republic of Mordovia;and Cluster 3 contained Republic of Tatarstan,Samara Region,Udmurtian Republic,Penza Region,and Republic of Bashkortostan.Results indicated that the 2 regions of Cluster 1 need to increase the availability of resources and natural gas and improve the investment attractiveness of rural areas.The 7 regions of Cluster 2 needed to develop infrastructure,public services,and agricultural production.We found the highest employment level in rural areas,the largest investments in fixed assets at the expense of municipal budget,the largest residential building area per 10,000 persons,and the largest individual residential building area in the 5 regions of Cluster 3.This study makes it possible to draw up a comprehensive regional development program and proves the need for the development of rural areas,which is especially important for the sustainable development of the Russian Federation.

山坝地域结构中县域城乡社区生活圈划定方法研究

新的国土空间总体规划编制体系提出构建不同层次和类型、功能复合、安全韧性的城乡生活圈,在总体规划层面如何划定城乡社区生活圈是重要的基础性工作。山坝相间是我国西南地区典型的地理特征,山坝地区的经济社会发展水平、居民出行特征,以及公共服务设施配置水平存在较大差异。文章从联合国可持续发展目标(Sustainable Development Goals,SDGs)所倡导的建设包容、安全、有风险抵御能力和可持续的城市及人类住区的目标出发,从地理特征分析入手,提出结合山坝地域结构特征的城乡社区生活圈划定方法:以山坝地域的实际出行时间的差异性框定城乡社区生活圈的基础范围;结合西南地区多民族聚集特征,以及多民族生活交往需求,修正城乡社区生活圈范围;通过抽样调查方法,验证划定范围及公共服务布局的准确性。最后,利用手机信令数据,分析人口分布的时空差异,判断城乡社区生活圈人口活动的空间结构特征,优化分区分级公共服务中心体系的布局和标准。

SDGs框架下中国可持续发展评价指标研究

联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)是2030年可持续发展议程的核心内容,全球可持续发展指标框架以此为基础,用多领域指标监测可持续发展进展。SDGs通过后,各国都将其作为自身经济社会协调发展的重要指导,中国政府也将其上升到战略层面,并与国家"十三五"规划等实践路径有机结合。然而,SDGs的评价主体是全球和区域进展,对于可持续发展程度各异的国家进行统一评价并不适用,亟待研究一套适合于中国情况的评估体系,一方面形成国内可持续发展各领域的综合现状评价,摸清基本情况,另一方面形成对SDGs评估的对标,以促成SDGs各项目标的落地。基于此背景,本文重点分析了全球可持续发展指标框架的出台过程、概念框架、以及评估应用中的具体问题,以中国落实2030年可持续发展议程为基础,以可持续发展强调的经济、社会、资源环境的协调发展为理论支撑,对标SDGs的各项目标和具体目标,构建了一套适用于中国国家层面可持续发展进展评估的指标体系,旨在形成对中国落实联合国2030年议程的评价指标建议。选择2012—2016年为研究期,综合运用层次分析法、专家咨询法构建了针对民生改善、经济发展、资源利用、环境质量综合评价的指标体系,同时与SDGs评价目标相对应。评价结果表明:可持续发展的总得分在研究期内均保持增长的趋势,可持续发展的总体态势始终改善。总分增长较快的年份,资源环境质量改善的得分也较高,其中贡献率较大的主要是与能耗和污染物排放下降相关的指标,通过现状评价明确了发展的薄弱环节,形成了SDGs框架下适用于中国评估的指标建议。

世界各国是如何执行全球可持续发展目标(SDGs)的?

全球可持续发展目标(SDGs)明确指出了2015—2030年全球发展的目标和方向。然而,该项议程的执行和落实却面临着重重挑战,执行进展也饱受质疑。基于此,本文从公共政策执行的视角出发,对2016年和2017年已经参与联合国可持续发展高级别政治论坛(HLPF)的64个国家进行了梳理和总结,依据在SDGs执行中发挥主导作用的行为主体区分了四种执行模式:政府主导、社会主导、共同治理与执行阻滞模式。文章以中国、瑞典、日本和博茨瓦纳为例,重点比较和分析了这四种执行模式的实现形式和治理特点。研究显示:(1)不同国家SDGs执行模式的选择与其资源条件高度相关,包括经济发展水平、政治支持环境与社会组织发育程度;(2)国家层面的SDGs执行模式仍处于动态演化过程中,政府主导模式与社会主导模式都出现一些向共同治理模式演化的趋势;(3)参与意愿和能力不足的发展中国家更可能陷入SDGs执行阻滞。观察和比较不同SDGs执行模式有助于我们拓展对于公共管理视角下全球治理的理解,促进国际社会更有针对性地解决SDGs执行中所面临的问题。同时,也为中国推动进一步落实SDGs提供实践参考与借鉴。

基于地理设计框架和SDGs评估体系的区域规划方法

长期以来,区域规划方法研究一直是景观、资源管理及空间规划等领域中的研究热点,且现有的规划方法缺少对规划成果优劣程度的判断依据。为解决这一问题,提出一种基于地理设计框架(Geodesign Framework)与联合国2030可持续发展目标(Sustainable Development Goals,SDGs)评估体系的区域规划方法。采用移动设备、地理信息系统(GIS)作为数据获取、数据管理、数据分析及可视化的工具,并以南昌市瑶湖岛为案例进行实证研究。该研究首次提出基于SDGs评估指标的实现程度T模型,充分发挥地理设计框架在区域规划过程中的迭代优化作用,利用评估矩阵表计算不同规划方案的累计分值,从而定量判断不同规划方案对实现SDGs程度的优劣。本研究是该方法在中国区域规划上的首次应用,可为中国的区域规划理论研究与区域规划实践提供借鉴。

中国绿色建筑实践对SDGs的贡献及其测量方法

绿色建筑因具有减少能源与材料使用、降低温室气体排放等优点而被广泛实践。然而,在全球加速实施联合国2030可持续发展议程的当前,尚缺乏关于我国绿色建筑实践对可持续发展目标(SDGs)推动作用的讨论。在借鉴相关研究思路的基础上,通过适当调整和优化,确定了研究框架和方法:首先,以我国的《绿色建筑评价标准》为桥梁,以德国DGNB所提供的评价指标与SDGs相关性的定性描述为基准;然后,借助德尔菲法和层次分析法,将指标与SDGs之间的定性关系进行补充和定量转化;再将我国绿色建筑评价指标的权重与定量分析结果相结合,得到我国绿色建筑对SDGs贡献的一般性特征;最后,将绿色建筑认证项目的指标得分率,与其评价标准对SDGs的贡献相结合,得到特定绿色建筑对SDGs贡献的个性特征。结果显示,拟议方法可有效测量《绿色建筑评价标准》及其认证项目对SDGs的贡献,进而反映了我国绿色建筑实践对SDGs贡献的一般性和个性特征。具体而言,《绿色建筑评价标准》及认证案例对不同SDGs的贡献有所差异,但两者对SDG12(可持续消费与生产)、SDG7(能源保障与清洁能源)和SDG6(饮水安全)的贡献均较为突出。厘清我国绿色建筑实践对SDGs的贡献将有利于利益相关者更加积极地采纳绿色建筑,进而促进我国加速实现SDGs。