Women Claimed Right to participate in Government

In the early 1900s, when Western women were just starting to fight for their rights to participate in government and political affairs, China’s women, who had just broken away from a feudal monarchy, also claimed that they wanted to participate in government and political affairs.In 1912, the Revolution of 1911, led by Sun Yat-sen-pioneer of China’s democratic revolution-overthrew the last feudal monarchy and the bourgeois Republic of China was founded. The women following sun Yat-sen were to put into action their demand to participate in government and political affairs.

消费公益诉讼惩罚赔偿金归属研究

有关消费公益诉讼惩罚赔偿金应当归国家所有还是归广大受害消费者所有的认识,须回归到惩罚赔偿金性质与功能进行检视。目前司法实践中判决惩罚赔偿金缴交国库的做法,有违惩罚赔偿金的基本性质与功能,且难以对广大受害消费者进行赔付。鉴于惩罚赔偿金所具有的民事责任性质,不法商家应当对广大受害消费者进行赔偿,且惩罚赔偿金应当归属于广大受害消费者所有。从伦理与法理的角度上看,惩罚赔偿金归广大受害消费者所有并不存在鼓励贪利思想以及引发滥诉的问题。最高人民法院的有关司法解释应当尽快对惩罚赔偿金的归属、支配、管理及使用做出明确规定。