The Relationship between Government Subsidies and Research & Development Investment of Chinese Agricultural Listed Companies

Based on the background of China's emerging and transitional market,government subsidies to enterprises are regarded as a " helping hand" of promoting economic structural adjustment. In this paper,using China's A-share agricultural listed companies from 2010 to 2015 as research samples,we discuss the influence of government subsidies on research and development( hereinafter referred to as R & D) investment,and the difference in the relationships between the two from the perspective of different nature of property rights. The results show that,on the whole,the increase in government subsidies does not promote the intensity of R & D investment of agricultural listed companies. And after distinguishing the nature of property rights,the results show that state-owned enterprises can get more government subsidies than private enterprises,and the increase in government subsidies boosts the increase in R & D investment in private enterprises,but there is a negative correlation between government subsidies and R & D investment of state-owned enterprises. This conclusion can broaden the research perspective of the influence factors of corporate R & D investment,and it is of practical significance to further clarify the role of government subsidies in R & D investment decisions of enterprises with different nature of property rights.

Local Government Behavior behind China's Excessive Investment under Decentralization——Theoretical and Empirical Analysis Based on Manufacturing Sector

This paper investigates the effect of local government intervention on capital deepening of manufacturing sector by using interprovincial panel data sets of 28 Chinese provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions between 1994 and 2011.Theoretical research indicates that as a transitional economy,China's local government intervention in corporate investment behaviors will cause excessive investment,thus bringing about a long-term and sustained tendency of capital deepening in manufacturing sector.Empirical test further discovers that in a certain range,the phenomenon of capital deepening in manufacturing sector is not an inevitable result endogenous to economic development and technology progress,and that investment behaviors of manufacturing sector are largely subject to the external institutional environment.Fiscal decentralization has indeed promoted capital deepening of manufacturing sector.Financial credit expansion and interventions in SOEs are major instruments for local governments to intervene in the capital deepening of manufacturing sector and such an influence is particularly significant for China's central,western and northeast regions.Therefore,clarifying government functions and improving local government performance review mechanism are of great significance to the healthy development of China's manufacturing sector.

Employment Creation and Investment Attraction by Means of the Internet Portal of Puebla （Mexico） Government

Some transactional governmental services are now offered to citizens world-wide by means of the internet. Principally, these transactions consist of applications for birth certificates, tax payments, payments of fines, however, very rarely, or never can someone incorporate a business by means of e-government services. Rare also, are cases in which the consequences of business incorporation can be evaluated through the internet--for example employment creation or the attraction of investments. With respect to business incorporation the internet portal of the government of the state of Puebla is of no help, since it must be done in person in every case.

Government Inspectors' Penalties and Charging Fee of Investment Banks--Empirical research based on data of Chinese public companies

This paper uses data of Chinese public companies from 2004-2015 to test the relationship between government inspectors'penalties and charging fee of investment bank.The test results show that after getting the penalties from government inspectors the charging fee of investment bank would decrease significantly.This negative impact of penalties on charging fee is more significant to the investment bank that has high reputation.This indicates that the penalties of government inspectors damage the reputation of investment banks.This research could help understand the effects of the government inspection on the reputation of investment banks.

The effects of local government investment on economic growth and employment: evidence from transitional China

Based on the panel data of 28 provinces in the year of 1987-2001, this paper examines the effects of the local government investment on economic growth and employment. The empirical result shows that the local government investment plays a significant positive role in economic growth and employment. However, while the proportion of local government investment to GDP had a remarkable rise after 1998, the elasticity of local government investment on economic growth declined, which shows that there is a big room for raising the efficiency of local government investment. Moreover. the empirieal examination shows that although local government investment had positive effect on employment, the elasticity had a decrease after 1994 when the tax-sharing system reform was put into practice. This shows that the positive role of local government investment on employment is also limited This paper argues that the role of local governments as investors must be weakened, and local governments of different levels should lessen direct economic intervention and concentrate on public regulation.

The Chinese Government Increases S&T Investment

The Chinese government has made great efforts to increase investment in science, technology and education, Vice Premier Li Lanqing told the country’s top legislators on August 24. A total of 146 billion yuan (about US$17.6 billion) was raised nationwide for science and technology in 1999, representing an increase of 12.5% over the previous year, among which funds for research and development

The Association Between Corporate Governance Mechanisms and Stock Investment Risk： Empirical Evidence From Thailand

This study examines the association between corporate governance mechanisms （i.e., internal corporate governance, ownership structure, and external corporate govemance） and stock investment risk （i.e., idiosyncratic risk, systematic risk, and total risk of non-financial listed firms in Thailand in 2007）. The multiple regression analysis is employed to test the hypotheses, and the results suggest that firms with higher market power have lower systematic risk. It implies that firms with higher market power can reduce the unavoidable risk when compared with firms that have lower market power. Firms with more media coverage will have higher systematic risk, which indicates that firms which publish more news will have higher unavoidable risk. This research may be the first to provide the evidence of the association between corporate govemance mechanisms and stock investment risk. Interestingly still, this study has utilized the data of Thailand, which is an emerging market economy with a capital market structure different from those of the developed market economies, and the results of this study are anticipated to be applicable to other similar studies in other emerging market economies.

Analysis on the Effect of Government Investment on Private Investment in Western China——Take Province A as an Example

Since China began reforming and opening up its economy,and especially since the launch of development projects in western China,province A has attracted an increasing amount of investment,which is the main driving force for provincial economic growth.Hence,this study uses a state space model to examine how government investment has affected economic growth in province A in western China,and explains whether there is a crowding-in effect or a crowding-out effect of local government investment on private investment.The findings indicate that both government and private investments have a positive,stimulating influence on economic growth in province A,with the latter being more impactful than the former.Productive and non-productive investments have different effects on province A’s economic growth.From the perspective of the trajectory of government investment elasticity,the elasticity of government and private investments in province A presents a very large spatio-temporal change.That is,from 1994 to 2009,government investment in province A had a crowding-in effect on private investment,but from 2010 to 2017,a crowding-out effect was observed.

An Enquiry Into the Responsiveness of Corporate Profitability to Corporate Governance Mechanism＂ Evidences From Malaysian Government-Linked Companies （GLCs）

Realizing the importance of corporate governance, many governments have embarked upon various initiatives. In Malaysia, the recently introduced Green Book program aims to strengthen the corporate governance among the government-linked companies （GLCs）, in view of their significant contributions to the national socio-economic development. The Green Book initiative, launched in 2005, contains, among other things, a provision to create a high-performing board. Performance of GLCs, therefore, is likely to scale better heights with the modification of the constitution of the boards. The present paper aims to examine the association between the selected corporate governance attributes and performance of GLCs in 2010, approximately five years since the implementation of the transformation program. The regression analysis reveals that none of the selected corporate governance indicators has significantly impacted the performance of GLCs. The findings serve as a wake-up call to the authorities to appraise the effectiveness of the transformation program in enhancing the performance of GLCs.

Risk and Regulation of Chinese Online Investment Products

The emergence of Yu＇E Bao and the like provides Chinese investors with a new and flexible investment option. Such new investment instrument forces up the cost of capital of local banks and also takes away the market share from them. Yu＇E Bao has allocated most investments in inter-bank money market due to the liquidity concerns. This study investigates Yu＇E Bao＇s portfolio allocation and potential risk, and also provides policy implications for regulators. The research findings suggest that regulators should issue more provisions to further regulate the operation of online investment products and keep the liquidity risk under control, i.e. require money market funds to hold more capital in reserve on a gradual basis. By examining the case of Yu＇E Bao, a new online investment product in China, this study sheds light on the recent financial development and reform of China.

Investments in the Russian Agriculture Under the Economic, Political Volatility

The article states that the purpose of the agricultural industry of Russia is the creation of a market for innovation and investment to improve productivity and competitiveness in the context of growing economic, political, and natural climatic instability and volatility, both in Russia and abroad （membership in the WTO, industry globalization, etc.）. Foreign economic and political sanctions have a growing negative impact. It is very important for the agriculture industry to be supported by the Russian state budget and to have administrative support, the institutional structure of the state, quantitative and qualitative indicators of national support： federal, regional, and municipal. Positive development of the regional and city aspect is also important.

Efficiency evaluation of government investment for air pollution control in city clusters:A case from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei areas in China

Air pollution poses a significant threat to human health,particularly in urban areas with high levels of industrial activities.In China,the government plays a crucial role in managing air quality through the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan.The government provides direct financial support and guides the investment direction of social funds to improve air quality.While government investment has led to improvements in air quality across China,concerns remain regarding the efficiency of such large-scale investments.To address this concern,we conducted a study using a three-stage data envelopment analysis(DEA)-Malmquist model to assess the efficiency of government investment in improving air quality in China.Our analysis revealed regional disparities and annual dynamic changes.Specifically,we focused on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei areas as a case study,as the investment primarily targeted industrial activities in urban areas with the goal of improving living conditions for urban residents.The results demonstrate significant differences in investment efficiency between regions.Beijing exhibits relatively high investment efficiency,while cities in Hebei Province require improvement.We identified scale inefficiency,which refers to the ratio of air pollutant reduction to financial investment,as the main factor contributing to regional disparities.However,we found that increasing the total investment scale can help mitigate this effect.Furthermore,our study observed positive but fluctuating annual changes in investment efficiency within this city cluster from 2014 to 2018.Investment-combined technical efficiency,which represents the investment strategy,is the main obstacle to improving yearly investment efficiency.Therefore,in addition to promoting investment strategies at the individual city level,it is crucial to enhance coordination and cooperation among cities to improve the investment efficiency of the entire city cluster.Evaluating the efficiency of government investment and understanding its influencing factors can guide future investment measures and directions.This knowledge can also support policymaking for other projects involving substantial investments.

Analysis of the Pull Effect of Local Government Special-Purpose Bond Investment on Economic Growth Under the Input-Output Framework

In this paper,we discuss the development process of local government special bonds,and the role channels of local government special debt investment in driving China’s economic growth.Based on the specific decomposition of Xinjiang local government special bond investment,this paper uses the non-competitive input-output model for the first time to analyze the net pulling effect of Xinjiang local government special bond investment on Xinjiang’s GDP and employment in 2020.Two measure calibers are set in this paper based on whether the financing costs are considered or not;in addition,we set up four scenarios based on two conditions:Whether to consider retained fun and whether to consider using special-purpose bond investment to leverage social capital.The results show that:1)when financing costs are not considered,the RMB77.4 billion local government special-purpose bonds can push the GDP of Xinjiang to grow by RMB42.27 billion,RMB35.12 billion,RMB77.548billion and RMB69.34 billion respectively under the four scenarios;2)when financing costs are not considered,the number of jobs driven by the RMB77.4 billion local government special-purpose bonds was respectively 372,300,324,500,718,500 and 601,300 in the four scenarios;3)when financing costs are considered,the RMB77.4 billion local government special-purpose bonds can push the GDP of Xinjiang to grow by RMB71.876 billion and RMB64.268 billion under scenario 3)and scenario 4).

颠覆性技术多元化投入的利益分配及激励机制

我国颠覆性创新多元化投入机制的平台支撑体系建设亟待完善,因此需深入研究适用于颠覆性技术多元化投入的利益分配以及政府补贴机制。其中,公平的利益分配和合理化的激励机制是促使颠覆性技术多元投入有效性的关键因素。因此,针对颠覆性技术多元化投入利益分配以及激励机制设计等问题,采取合作-非合作博弈分析颠覆性技术多元投入的各个参与主体行为,引入风险因子探讨不同主体主导下的情况,并进一步研究政府补贴对各主体投入积极性的影响,进而以明晰多元化投入的激励机制方案选择。研究发现:在颠覆性创新多元化投入的过程中会存在创新投入积极性不足的情况,这是由于各主体出于自身利益最大化考虑;由政府牵头时,整个颠覆性技术投入合作较由其他主体主导下的合作收益高;在政府主导下采取政府补贴形式,可以有效激励其他各个颠覆性创新投入主体的积极性。为此,促进颠覆性创新的投入多元化,政府要构建多元化投入机制,设计合理的利益分配机制与激励机制,并在参与合作时设定恰当的成本补贴额度。

双重制度视角下政府补贴对企业研发投入影响悖论的新解与验证

本文利用中国A股上市公司2008—2020年的样本数据实证考察了政府补贴对企业研发投入的影响,并基于双重视角,即企业外部非正式制度层面的政治关联和内部正式制度层面的股权激励,探讨其对政府补贴与企业研发投入之间关系的调节作用。研究结果表明:(1)适度的政府补贴有助于促进企业研发投入,即政府补贴对研发投入会产生倒U型影响;(2)政治关联会负向调节政府补贴与研发投入之间的倒U型关系;(3)股权激励与政府补贴之间具有互补作用,不仅能抵消过度补贴可能带来的抑制效应,还能进一步增强补贴初期对企业研发投入的激励效应,将两者的倒U型关系转变为正向线性关系。此外,内生性问题分析结果表明上述结论具有稳健性。该研究结论有助于我国政府合理制定补贴政策,为企业科学使用政府补贴以促进研发活动提供有益启示。

政府扶持能改善企业投资效率吗?——基于政府采购的经验证据

政府采购作为政府在需求端的市场化扶持手段引起了学界广泛关注。本文以2015—2020年沪深A股上市公司为研究对象,实证检验了政府采购对企业投资效率的影响。研究发现,政府采购能够提高企业投资效率,且能够同时抑制企业过度投资和投资不足;区分订单特征发现,仅异地政府采购能提高企业投资效率。机制检验表明,政府采购能够通过降低企业经营不确定性和信息不对称程度提高企业投资效率,且上述作用在产品市场竞争更为激烈的企业、处于政府审计监督力度较强地区的企业、非国有企业以及处于法治环境较差地区的企业中更加显著。本文的研究结论不仅为如何通过政府扶持提高企业投资效率提供了经验证据,也对如何积极开展政企互动和促进经济高质量发展具有重要启示。

逆向混改助力民企创新——国有资本参股对民营企业双元创新投入的影响研究

逆向混改有利于提高民营企业创新投入吗?以A股民营控股上市公司为样本考察国有资本参股的逆向混改对民营企业双元创新投入的影响后发现:首先,国有资本参股对于民营企业双元创新投入存在异质性影响,即能够显著提高民营企业开发式创新投入,而对探索式创新投入无明显作用(国企“两利一率”考核压力影响了国有资本参股对民营企业探索式创新投入的作用);其次,缓解融资约束与提高风险承担能力是上述关系的作用机制;再次,制度环境、行业竞争和技术董事数量等情境因素会影响国有资本参股对民营企业开发式创新投入的治理效果;最后,国有资本参股能够通过提高开发式创新投入的方式提高民营企业价值。通过揭示国有资本参股对民营企业双元创新投入的影响及其作用机理,回应了国有产权对民营企业创新作用的研究分歧,也拓宽了混合所有制改革思路。

电厂和政府行为策略演化博弈与仿真研究——基于农林生物质与煤耦合发电产业发展视角

“双碳”背景下,农林生物质与煤耦合发电成为煤电转型的新路径。政府如何制定有效的补贴和监管政策,以及电厂如何进行正确的策略选择是促进农林生物质与煤耦合发电产业发展的关键。通过构建政府和电厂的混合策略博弈模型,分析双方的博弈关系和行为策略动态演变过程,并运用系统动力学进行建模仿真,进一步探析关键因素对政府和电厂行为策略的影响路径。结果表明:政府和电厂的行为策略在较长时期里无法趋于稳定,而是在相互影响中波动变化。政府制定补贴和监管策略、提高耦合发电收益、降低耦合发电成本,都将促进更多电厂选择农林生物质与煤耦合发电,从而进一步促进产业发展。

数字金融的绿色效应:数字普惠金融与企业绿色技术创新

在新发展理念下,基于绿色导向与创新导向系统实现企业的绿色技术创新成为企业绿色转型与创新驱动发展的重要突破口。本文选取中国沪深A股上市公司数据,考察了数字普惠金融对企业绿色技术创新的具体影响效应及其机制。研究结果表明:数字普惠金融及其覆盖广度、使用深度和数字化程度均显著促进企业绿色技术创新,数字普惠金融主要通过提高企业创新投入、降低企业风险水平以及增强企业治理水平的三重机制促进企业绿色技术创新,数字普惠金融对企业绿色技术创新的促进效应在融资约束程度高与市场化程度低地区的企业中更为明显。因此,政府要深化金融供给侧结构性改革,推动数字普惠金融发展;企业要高度重视数字普惠金融的赋能效应,完善数字普惠金融助力企业绿色技术创新的协同机制,通过实施绿色技术创新战略实现企业绿色低碳转型升级。