Influence mechanism of government subsidy on the green transformation of coal company in China

The optimization of government subsidies to enhance the efficiency of coal companies’green transformation constitutes a critical component in the pursuit of global sustainability.We investigate the influence mechanism of government subsidies on the green transformation using data from the listed coal companies in China from 2007 to 2022.According to our findings and hypothesis testing,previous government subsidies did not have a significant direct impact on coal companies’green transformation.Nevertheless,government subsidies can help coal companies transition to greener practices by promoting innovative green initiatives.Furthermore,we confirmed an indirect route:that government subsidies enable the adoption of low-carbon initiatives,which in turn could facilitate the transition of coal companies towards green practices.In addition,we discovered that the coal company’s digitization will improve this indirect route.Thus,we propose increasing the effectiveness of government subsidies in facilitating coal companies’transition to green practices by focusing on technological advancements and enhancing company digitalization.

Pricing Game Model of Wasted Clothing Recycling and Remanufacturing Based on Government Subsidy

In the global environment of pursuing resource regeneration and green environmental protection, more and more wasted clothing need to be solved. In order to make full use of the wasted clothing and save land and soil resources, an idea of wasted clothing's recycling and remanufacturing is put forward. In the new idea a pricing game model is established basing on Stacklberg differential game theory between traditional and remanufactured clothing. In this model, the differences in consumers' willingness to pay and the government's subsidies are considered. Government's optimal subsidy are obtained which ensure not only the interests of manufacturers but also environmental reputation and maximum social benefits. The study is helpful to push the wasted clothing's recycling and remanufacturing plan. It makes some index more precise quantification as government's subsidy, manufacturers and the social benefits. Government and manufactures can make the detailed cooperation plan reference to it.

Government subsidies, dual-credit policy, and enterprise performance: Empirical evidence from Chinese listed new energy vehicle companies

The development of the new energy vehicle industry has become a key force driving the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutralization.To better guide future strategies,this study investigates the dual impact of subsidy and dual-integral policies on the performance of new energy vehicle enterprises.This study first theorizes the influential mechanism according to the institutional-based approach and technical innovation theory,and then collects data from listed companies in the new energy vehicle industry from 2016 to 2020.The hypotheses are examined using a two-way fixed-effects model.The findings show that:(1)subsidy policies are can still improve enterprise performance,but not through green technology innovation;(2)the dual-credit policy can improve enterprise performance through green technology innovation;and(3)under current policy conditions,with subsidies declining annually,the interaction effects between the subsidy and dual-integral policies will also decrease.Thus,this study suggests that non-monetary industrial policy,represented by the dual credit policy is a more effective alternative to government subsidies.

Role of government subsidies in the new energy vehicle charging infrastructure industry:a three-party game perspective

With the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,China has posited the direction of“new infrastructure”in 2020.As one of the seven major industries of the“new infrastructure”,the charging infrastructure(CI)industry not only supports the upgrade of the new energy vehicle industry but also provides developing platforms for emerging industries,such as wireless charging,energy storage,smart microgrid,and new energy consumption.Therefore,the government’s supporting role is crucial for the CI industry.To effectively explore the effectiveness of government’s subsidy policy in the CI industry and promote its healthy development,we employed a game model and discussed the government's evolution process of different game strategies between CI and battery-swapping station(BSS)operators in this study.First,China's government subsidies for the electric vehicle(EV)industry were classified into CIs and BSSs.The subsidies obtained by the CI operators were operating subsidies,whereas those obtained by BSSs were investment subsidies.Second,a game model was constructed,involving the government,operators,and users.The model used backward induction to seek the refined Nash equilibrium solution for CIs and BSS operators.The Nash equilibrium solution indicated that the optimal investment amount and BSS quantity of the operator were positively correlated with the government subsidy intensity.When the profitability of the operators increased and the amount of the subsidies increased,consumers’willingness to use EVs increased and the policy effects were closely related to the benefits of government management.The decisions made by either the users or the operators were inversely related to the operators’management efficiency.Besides,the subsidy policy was affected by the government management.Therefore,in the implementation stage of the government’s future subsidy policies,the government needs to innovate and improve management effectiveness.The government could use subsidy policies as a driving force for developing the CI industry to build a comprehensive ecosystem of the industry,which is also the next key point for the government to promote the development of the CI industry in the future.

The Relationship between Government Subsidies and Research & Development Investment of Chinese Agricultural Listed Companies

Based on the background of China's emerging and transitional market,government subsidies to enterprises are regarded as a " helping hand" of promoting economic structural adjustment. In this paper,using China's A-share agricultural listed companies from 2010 to 2015 as research samples,we discuss the influence of government subsidies on research and development( hereinafter referred to as R & D) investment,and the difference in the relationships between the two from the perspective of different nature of property rights. The results show that,on the whole,the increase in government subsidies does not promote the intensity of R & D investment of agricultural listed companies. And after distinguishing the nature of property rights,the results show that state-owned enterprises can get more government subsidies than private enterprises,and the increase in government subsidies boosts the increase in R & D investment in private enterprises,but there is a negative correlation between government subsidies and R & D investment of state-owned enterprises. This conclusion can broaden the research perspective of the influence factors of corporate R & D investment,and it is of practical significance to further clarify the role of government subsidies in R & D investment decisions of enterprises with different nature of property rights.

Government Subsidies and Enterprise Innovation:Moderation Effect of Absorbed Slack

It is worth studying whether enterprises receiving government subsidies can transform them into innovative achievements under the constraints of enterprise resources.The data from the three industries of electronics,pharmaceuticals,and information technology during 2013-2016 were empirical tested to verify the moderating effect of the absorbed slack on the relationship between government subsidies and enterprise innovation.The results show that government subsidies can promote enterprise innovation;absorbed slack promotes enterprise innovation;the absorbed slack of enterprises plays a positive moderation role in the relationship between government subsidy and enterprise innovation.In other words,the enterprises with high absorbed slack can promote the innovation of enterprises by government subsidies.The conclusions provide theoretical guidance for government departments to select the most suitable enterprises which accept innovative subsidies.

Impact of Quality and Government Subsidies on Elderly Care Services

In order to solve the problem of imbalance resource allocation and service income in the elderly care service industry,this article establishes three service income models in different situations for a single provider and a single integrator while considering the quality as well as government subsidies.The results showed that government subsidies can significantly improve quality efforts and service income with a mutual restriction between quality and service income.Government subsidies would have an impact on the quality,and they are more conducive to the service income of providers.When government subsidies are less than 80% of the service income,the incentive effect is better.

A Study of Indian Government Policy on Production and Processing of Cotton and Its Implications

India is a major player in international cotton markets as it is the world＇s second largest cotton producer, consumer and exporter in 2009-2010. In this context, this paper assesses the competitiveness of Indian cotton producers and potential implications for India as a competitor in the world cotton market. This paper developed an updated estimate of the costs of cotton production in India and developed representative farm models for cotton production in three important cotton production states （Gujarat, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh） of India. In this research, Rapid Rural Appraisal （RRA） methodology has been adopted to collect information for developing representative farm models. These models are further subjected to stochastic simulation to understand the impact of government policies like subsidies to various inputs on farm level profitability and ultimately on the competitiveness of Indian cotton in international markets. This paper also analyzed the impact of national fiber policy of the government of India on the cotton processing sector in India. The results demonstrate that the net income of the cotton farmers will decrease considerably without the presence of fertilizer subsidies. The study also concludes that if the objectives of the national fiber policy are fulfilled, India will export more of value added cotton products like textiles and garments rather than raw cotton.

Manufacturers’strategy for introducing remanufactured products under a government subsidy:Introduce or not?

With strong government advocacy and encouragement,many manufacturers hope to enter the remanufacturing market.Manufacturers who have entered the remanufacturing market hope to increase their profits through effective decision-making.Using game-theoretic models,this study investigates manufacturers’conditions for introducing remanufactured products and the production decisions after the introduction by constructing a consumer utility model.Our study demonstrates that manufacturers’decision-making method directly affects their decision to introduce remanufactured products.If a manufacturer plans to introduce remanufactured products,they should adopt a centralized decision-making method for the two products.Under this decision-making method,when the ratio of the government subsidy to the cost of new products is not too large or too small,the manufacturer can introduce remanufactured products.Additionally,the range of the ratio of the government subsidy to the cost of new products is related to the difference between the ratio of the cost of remanufactured products to that of new products and the substitutability of the remanufactured products.Therefore,when formulating a subsidy,the government should control it within a reasonable range and formulate differentiated subsidy strategies based on different enterprises’specific conditions to give full play to the benefits of the government subsidy.Moreover,after the manufacturer has introduced remanufactured products,the consumer surplus and manufacturer’s profit increase with the government subsidy.However,social welfare increases only when the government subsidy is within a reasonable range.Furthermore,compared with subsidizing consumers,it is found that subsidizing the manufacturer does not affect their profit,the consumer surplus,and social welfare;however,the range within which the manufacturer can introduce remanufactured products narrows.

双重制度视角下政府补贴对企业研发投入影响悖论的新解与验证

本文利用中国A股上市公司2008—2020年的样本数据实证考察了政府补贴对企业研发投入的影响,并基于双重视角,即企业外部非正式制度层面的政治关联和内部正式制度层面的股权激励,探讨其对政府补贴与企业研发投入之间关系的调节作用。研究结果表明:(1)适度的政府补贴有助于促进企业研发投入,即政府补贴对研发投入会产生倒U型影响;(2)政治关联会负向调节政府补贴与研发投入之间的倒U型关系;(3)股权激励与政府补贴之间具有互补作用,不仅能抵消过度补贴可能带来的抑制效应,还能进一步增强补贴初期对企业研发投入的激励效应,将两者的倒U型关系转变为正向线性关系。此外,内生性问题分析结果表明上述结论具有稳健性。该研究结论有助于我国政府合理制定补贴政策,为企业科学使用政府补贴以促进研发活动提供有益启示。

碳税机制下政府补贴对生产减排决策的影响

在政府实施碳税政策的大背景下,对不同形式的政府补贴如何影响制造商的生产减排决策进行研究。在无补贴、技术减排投资成本补贴和回收再制造补贴三种情形下,分别建立了三种不同的模型,分析比较三种模型对制造商产品产量和减排决策的影响。分析结果表明:(1)随着碳税税率的增加,产品碳减排水平并不总是增加。不仅如此,碳税政策的实施还会对低碳产品的产量和利润起到负面效果。但政府补贴政策的实施确实能够缓解碳税给制造商带来的压力,在碳税税率较高时,采取回收再制造补贴能够更大程度起到提高制造商积极性的作用。(2)不同的政府补贴对产品产量和利润产生了不同的影响,当η<0.38时,选取技术减排补贴能够获得更大的产品产量和总体利润;当η>0.38时,选取回收再制造补贴更经济。

政府补助在激励企业“卡脖子”技术创新中能否提供助力——以企业参与内循环程度为调节变量

如何推动“卡脖子”技术企业创新,是近年来我国面临的重要战略问题。尝试引入锦标赛理论解释政府补助的激励机理,基于2011—2020年我国半导体及芯片行业上市企业数据,结合近年国家提出以内循环为主的新发展战略,以企业参与内循环程度为调节变量,实证研究政府补助对“卡脖子”技术企业创新产出的激励作用。结果表明,政府补助与“卡脖子”技术企业创新产出间具有倒U型关系,企业参与内循环程度在政府补助与“卡脖子”技术企业创新产出的倒U型关系中起调节作用。研究结论可为“卡脖子”技术企业在新发展格局下开展高质量创新提供参考。

环境规制、绿色技术创新与可持续发展——被调节的中介效应分析

基于创新理论、可持续发展理论,探讨环境规制、绿色技术创新对可持续发展的影响路径。对中国30个省区市2000—2020年的面板数据样本的研究发现:环境规制正向影响可持续发展,环境规制显著促进绿色技术创新,绿色技术创新对可持续发展有正向推动作用。环境规制通过绿色技术创新对可持续发展发挥部分正向中介效应,政府补贴正向调节绿色技术创新在环境规制与可持续发展之间第二阶段的中介效应。此外研究还发现企业规模、政府干预在各自的最优区间内,能够最大程度提高环境规制对可持续发展的正向影响。

颠覆性技术多元化投入的利益分配及激励机制

我国颠覆性创新多元化投入机制的平台支撑体系建设亟待完善,因此需深入研究适用于颠覆性技术多元化投入的利益分配以及政府补贴机制。其中,公平的利益分配和合理化的激励机制是促使颠覆性技术多元投入有效性的关键因素。因此,针对颠覆性技术多元化投入利益分配以及激励机制设计等问题,采取合作-非合作博弈分析颠覆性技术多元投入的各个参与主体行为,引入风险因子探讨不同主体主导下的情况,并进一步研究政府补贴对各主体投入积极性的影响,进而以明晰多元化投入的激励机制方案选择。研究发现:在颠覆性创新多元化投入的过程中会存在创新投入积极性不足的情况,这是由于各主体出于自身利益最大化考虑;由政府牵头时,整个颠覆性技术投入合作较由其他主体主导下的合作收益高;在政府主导下采取政府补贴形式,可以有效激励其他各个颠覆性创新投入主体的积极性。为此,促进颠覆性创新的投入多元化,政府要构建多元化投入机制,设计合理的利益分配机制与激励机制,并在参与合作时设定恰当的成本补贴额度。

产业政策促进企业创新的传递机制与情境条件——来自沪深A股上市公司的经验证据

近年来,随着中国企业逐渐接近技术创新的前沿,技术追赶的空间被进一步压缩,经济发展和产业政策面临着越来越大的挑战。文章以2008—2021年沪深A股上市公司为样本,考察产业政策对企业创新的影响,并分析了其传递机制和情境条件。实证结果表明,产业政策对企业的创新活动表现出“双重利好”效应,将同时提高被支持行业中企业的创新数量与创新质量。传递机制分析表明,产业政策主要通过抑制企业金融化程度、提高政府补贴力度、降低债务融资成本、带来更多分析师关注等中介因素驱动企业创新水平的提升。情境条件分析发现,产品竞争市场治理、新闻媒体治理、公司治理、研发投入和高管团队研发经验会加强产业政策对企业创新的正向效应。进一步研究表明,发明专利对企业价值有正向影响且该效应具有一定的持续性,而非发明专利对企业价值有负向影响且该效应不具有持续性。研究揭示了产业政策促进企业创新的传递机制与情境条件,为客观评估中国产业政策的经济效应提供了微观依据。

政府补贴会提升返乡农民工创业绩效吗——基于西部地区脱贫县的调查

借助892份西部地区脱贫县的调研数据,运用Logit模型实证研究政府补贴对返乡农民工创业绩效的影响。研究发现,政府补贴显著提升返乡农民工的创业绩效,结果在进行稳健性检验后依然有效。异质性分析结果表明,政府补贴对涉农创业、新生代及家庭位于山区的农民工创业绩效的促进作用更明显;获得政府补贴的返乡农民工通过扩大创业规模来提高创业绩效。因此,应有效利用政府补贴,促进返乡农民工创业规模扩张;鼓励新生代农民工返乡创业,为涉农创业者群体提供多元指导,优化山区农民工家庭的创业保障体系,拓宽贫困山区农民创业路径。

电厂和政府行为策略演化博弈与仿真研究——基于农林生物质与煤耦合发电产业发展视角

“双碳”背景下,农林生物质与煤耦合发电成为煤电转型的新路径。政府如何制定有效的补贴和监管政策,以及电厂如何进行正确的策略选择是促进农林生物质与煤耦合发电产业发展的关键。通过构建政府和电厂的混合策略博弈模型,分析双方的博弈关系和行为策略动态演变过程,并运用系统动力学进行建模仿真,进一步探析关键因素对政府和电厂行为策略的影响路径。结果表明:政府和电厂的行为策略在较长时期里无法趋于稳定,而是在相互影响中波动变化。政府制定补贴和监管策略、提高耦合发电收益、降低耦合发电成本,都将促进更多电厂选择农林生物质与煤耦合发电,从而进一步促进产业发展。

“低碳”目标下的企业创新行为:实质还是策略?

创新对于促进企业减污降碳、实现绿色发展转型的重要性日益凸显。区别于已有研究侧重分析低碳城市试点政策对绿色技术创新的影响,本文利用工业企业数据库和专利数据库的微观数据,探讨低碳城市试点政策对企业策略性创新行为的影响及其作用机制。实证结果显示,低碳城市试点显著促进企业创新,其影响源于诱发企业策略性创新行为,但无法激励企业实质性创新行为。在经过一系列识别检验、稳健性检验、不同的估计方法后,上述结论依然成立。异质性分析发现,低碳城市试点对非国有企业、污染行业企业的策略性创新的影响更为显著。基于传递效应模型的机制分析表明低碳城市试点政策扶持下,企业为寻求政府补贴而进行策略性创新。研究结论对于探索“双碳”引领、创新驱动的发展之路具有一定的参考价值。

数字化转型能否促进企业绿色创新绩效的提高?——基于我国A股上市公司数据

以2016—2021年沪深两市A股上市公司的数据作为研究样本,运用固定效应面板模型就数字化转型对企业绿色创新绩效的影响进行实证分析,同时探究融资约束的中介效应及风险承担水平、政府补助的调节作用。研究发现:数字化转型能显著促进企业绿色创新绩效的提高,且该作用在国有企业、非重污染企业及市场化程度较低的企业中更明显。进一步分析发现:融资约束在数字化转型对企业绿色创新绩效影响的过程中发挥了部分中介作用;风险承担水平和政府补助均发挥了正向调节作用。因此,企业层面应积极进行数字化转型,通过缓解融资约束来促进绿色创新绩效的提高,并积极发挥风险承担水平和政府补助的调节作用;政府层面应完善补助政策,推动企业绿色创新绩效的持续提高。

数字赋能“有效论”:数字化转型对重污染企业绿色创新的双向效应

当前,以大数据、云计算等为代表的数字技术快速发展,为企业绿色创新提供了新动能。然而,数字赋能的“有效性”问题一直在学术界存在争议。基于2010—2020年中国沪深A股重污染企业数据,实证检验了数字化转型对企业绿色创新的影响及作用机制。研究发现,数字化转型与绿色创新之间存在显著的倒“U”型关系,且样本企业广泛分布于倒“U”型曲线最高点的左侧;管控投入在数字化转型与企业绿色创新的关系中发挥部分中介作用。同时,政府补助能够显著强化数字化转型与企业绿色创新之间的倒“U”型关系。异质性分析表明,上述倒“U”型关系主要存在于国有企业和媒体报道较多的企业中。这说明,“技术驱动”有助于重污染企业绿色创新“增量提质”,但过度数字化会诱使企业陷入“技术鸿沟”,不利于数字化与绿色创新的协同推进。因此,重污染企业应找准数字技术赋能生态环境保护的契合点与着力点,政府可以利用补贴政策进一步激励企业数字赋能绿色创新。