A cruise was conducted from late August to early September 2004 with the intention of obtaining an interdisciplinary understanding of the Yangtze River Estuary including the biological, chemical and physical subjects....A cruise was conducted from late August to early September 2004 with the intention of obtaining an interdisciplinary understanding of the Yangtze River Estuary including the biological, chemical and physical subjects. Water sample analysis indicated that total phytoplankton species richness was 137. Of them 81 were found in Bacillariophyta and 48 in Pyrrophyta, accounting for 59.1% and 35.0% respectively. The average cell abundance of surface water samples was 8.8 ×104 cells L^-1, with the maximum, 102.9×104 cells L^-1, encountered in the area （31.75°N, 122.33°E） and the minimum, 0.2×10^4 cells L^-1, in （30.75°N, 122.17°E）. The dominant species at most stations were Skeletonema costatum and Proboscia alata f. gracillima with the dominance of 0.35 and 0.27. Vertical distribution analysis indicated that obvious stratification of cell abundance and dominant species was found in the representative stations of 5, 18 and 33. Shannon-Wiener index and evenness of phytoplankton assemblage presented negative correlation with the cell abundance, with the optimum appearing in （30.75°N, 122.67°E）. According to the PCA analysis of the environmental variables, elevated nutrients of nitrate, silicate and phosphate through river discharge were mainly responsible for the phytoplankton bloom in this area.展开更多
The study aimed to develop beverages composed of fruits and soy extract,to evaluate the microbiology,colorimetry and the effects of refrigerated storage(4±2℃)on the physicochemical parameters.Mango concentrate(5...The study aimed to develop beverages composed of fruits and soy extract,to evaluate the microbiology,colorimetry and the effects of refrigerated storage(4±2℃)on the physicochemical parameters.Mango concentrate(50,55,60,65,70,75 and 80%)and myrtle pulp(30,25,20,15,10,5 and 0%)were used for the preparation of seven beverage formulations composed in different proportions,added with inulin and sweetened with honey bee.All analyzes were performed after processing and physicochemical stability was determined every 4 days for 8 days.The beverages composed showed adequate microbiological quality after processing.The partial replacement of myrtle pulp by mango concentrate influenced mainly the colorimetric parameters,as well as pH,total acidity,total soluble solids and TSS/TTA ratio.The beverages with greater stability were those made with 50 and 55%mango and 30 and 25%myrtle,respectively,both with 13%soy extract.It is inferred that the development of beverage composed of fruits and soy for specific emerging audiences may be viable,and complementary analyzes and a longer storage period are recommended for more stable beverages.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.50339040,40306025)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZCX3-SW-232).The authors are also very much indebted to the crews of the cruise.
文摘A cruise was conducted from late August to early September 2004 with the intention of obtaining an interdisciplinary understanding of the Yangtze River Estuary including the biological, chemical and physical subjects. Water sample analysis indicated that total phytoplankton species richness was 137. Of them 81 were found in Bacillariophyta and 48 in Pyrrophyta, accounting for 59.1% and 35.0% respectively. The average cell abundance of surface water samples was 8.8 ×104 cells L^-1, with the maximum, 102.9×104 cells L^-1, encountered in the area （31.75°N, 122.33°E） and the minimum, 0.2×10^4 cells L^-1, in （30.75°N, 122.17°E）. The dominant species at most stations were Skeletonema costatum and Proboscia alata f. gracillima with the dominance of 0.35 and 0.27. Vertical distribution analysis indicated that obvious stratification of cell abundance and dominant species was found in the representative stations of 5, 18 and 33. Shannon-Wiener index and evenness of phytoplankton assemblage presented negative correlation with the cell abundance, with the optimum appearing in （30.75°N, 122.67°E）. According to the PCA analysis of the environmental variables, elevated nutrients of nitrate, silicate and phosphate through river discharge were mainly responsible for the phytoplankton bloom in this area.
文摘The study aimed to develop beverages composed of fruits and soy extract,to evaluate the microbiology,colorimetry and the effects of refrigerated storage(4±2℃)on the physicochemical parameters.Mango concentrate(50,55,60,65,70,75 and 80%)and myrtle pulp(30,25,20,15,10,5 and 0%)were used for the preparation of seven beverage formulations composed in different proportions,added with inulin and sweetened with honey bee.All analyzes were performed after processing and physicochemical stability was determined every 4 days for 8 days.The beverages composed showed adequate microbiological quality after processing.The partial replacement of myrtle pulp by mango concentrate influenced mainly the colorimetric parameters,as well as pH,total acidity,total soluble solids and TSS/TTA ratio.The beverages with greater stability were those made with 50 and 55%mango and 30 and 25%myrtle,respectively,both with 13%soy extract.It is inferred that the development of beverage composed of fruits and soy for specific emerging audiences may be viable,and complementary analyzes and a longer storage period are recommended for more stable beverages.
