Graphene oxide and its derivatives,which carry abundant functional groups,have large surface area,excellent aqueous dispersity,biocompatibility and high drug-loaded rate characteristics.They become a kind of safe,effi...Graphene oxide and its derivatives,which carry abundant functional groups,have large surface area,excellent aqueous dispersity,biocompatibility and high drug-loaded rate characteristics.They become a kind of safe,efficient and optional targeting drug vectors in tumor therapy.Graphene oxide and its derivatives can load various of natural and artificial antineoplastic drugs and gene drugs,as well as treat tumor with optothermal.This report attempts to review the applications of Graphene oxide in tumor therapy.展开更多
Magnesium(Mg) has attracted wide interest in orthopedic applications as they exhibit great biodegradability and strong biocompatibility,while corrosion is the main concern for Mg that should be addressed prior to biom...Magnesium(Mg) has attracted wide interest in orthopedic applications as they exhibit great biodegradability and strong biocompatibility,while corrosion is the main concern for Mg that should be addressed prior to biomedical applications. In this work, ZM31(Mg-3Zn-1Mn)/x RGO(x = 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 wt%) biocomposites were synthesized by semi-powder metallurgy method. The results showed that the RGO acting as an effective reinforcing filler to prevent deformation and showed better compressive strength(282.3 ± 9 MPa) and revealed enhancement in failure Strain(7.8 ± 2.1%) at 1 wt% RGO concentration compared to Mg alloy(244.5 ± 9 MPa and 7.1 ± 1.5%respectively). Moreover, fracture analysis indicated a more ductile fracture of the nanocomposites after the incorporation of RGO. Crack bridging, crack deflection and crack branching are dominant mechanisms for reinforcement of Mg-based containing RGO. Mg composites containing 0.5 wt% RGO showed a low corrosion rate(2.75 mm/year), while more incorporation of RGO resulted in an increased corrosion rate(4.38 mm/year). In addition, the degradation rate of ZM31 alloy(2.57 mg·cm-2·d-1) obviously decreased with the addition of 0.5 wt%RGO(1.84 mg·cm-2·d-1) in the SBF. Besides, continuous apatite layers were created on the composites in the SBF solution. Also, the cell culture examinations showed good cell viability and adhesion on composites with 0.5 and 1 wt% RGO, which was demonstrated by the SEM and MTT assay The alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity of the ZM3–0.5RGO composite was considerably higher than that of ZM31matrix alloy in 24 h and 48 h, implying higher osteoblastic differentiation. The antibacterial behavior toward both bacteria(E. coli and S.aureus) exhibited that escalating RGO concentration in Mg-matrix composites leads to further inhibition of bacteria growth. These findings suggested that ZM31–0.5RGO biocomposite could be a more promising candidate for orthopedic implants.展开更多
This study investigates the effect of graphene oxide(GO)on the mechanical and corrosion behavior,antibacterial performance,and cell response of Mg–Zn–Mn(MZM)nanocomposite.MZM/GO nanocomposites with different amounts...This study investigates the effect of graphene oxide(GO)on the mechanical and corrosion behavior,antibacterial performance,and cell response of Mg–Zn–Mn(MZM)nanocomposite.MZM/GO nanocomposites with different amounts of GO(i.e.,0.5 wt%,1.0 wt%,and1.5 wt%)were fabricated by the semi-powder metallurgy method.The influence of GO on the MZM nanocomposite was analyzed through the hardness,compressive,corrosion,antibacterial,and cytotoxicity tests.The experimental results showed that,with the increase in the amount of GO(0.5 wt%and 1.5 wt%),the hardness value,compressive strength,and antibacterial performance of the MZM nanocomposite increased,whereas the cell viability and osteogenesis level decreased after the addition of 1.5 wt%GO.Moreover,the electrochemical examination results showed that the corrosion behavior of the MZM alloy was significantly enhanced after encapsulation in 0.5 wt%GO.In summary,MZM nanocomposites reinforced with GO can be used for implant applications because of their antibacterial performance and mechanical property.展开更多
In this study,we designed a double layer-coated vascular stent of 316L stainless steel using an ultrasonic spray system to achieve both antiproliferation and antithrombosis.The coating included an inner layer of graph...In this study,we designed a double layer-coated vascular stent of 316L stainless steel using an ultrasonic spray system to achieve both antiproliferation and antithrombosis.The coating included an inner layer of graphene oxide(GO)loaded with docetaxel(DTX)and an outer layer of carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC)loaded with heparin(Hep).The coated surface was uniform without aggregation and shedding phenomena before and after stent expanded.The coating treatment was able to inhibit the adhesion and activation of platelets and the proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells,indicating the excellent biocompatibility and antiproliferation ability.The toxicity tests showed that the GO/DTX and CMC/Hep coating did not cause deformity and organ abnormalities in zebrafish under stereomicroscope.The stents with GO double-layer coating were safe and could effectively prevent thrombosis and in-stent restenosis after the implantation into rabbit carotid arteries for 4–12 weeks.展开更多
Nanocomposite hydrogels are one of the most important types of biomaterials which can be used in many different applications such as drug delivery and tissue engineering.Incorporatio n of nano particles within a hydro...Nanocomposite hydrogels are one of the most important types of biomaterials which can be used in many different applications such as drug delivery and tissue engineering.Incorporatio n of nano particles within a hydrogel matrix can provide unique characteristics like remote stimulate and improved mechanical strength.In this study,the synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene oxide nanocomposite hydrogel has been studied.Nanocomposite hydrogel was synthesized using carboxymethyl cellulose as a natural base,acrylic acid as a comonomer,graphene oxide as a filler,ammonium persulfate as an initiator,and iron nanoparticles as a crosslinking agent.The effect of reaction variables such as the iron nanoparticles,graphene oxide,ammonium persulfate,and acrylic acid were examined to achieve a hydrogel with maximum absorbency.Doxorubicin,an anti-cancer chemotherapy drug,was loaded into this hydrogel and its release behaviors were examined in the phosphate buffer solutions with different pH values.The structure of the graphene oxide and the optimized hydrogel were confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and atomic force microscopy.展开更多
Two-dimensional graphene offers interesting electronic,thermal,and mechanical properties that are currently being explored for advanced electronics,membranes,and composites.Here we synthesize and explore the biologica...Two-dimensional graphene offers interesting electronic,thermal,and mechanical properties that are currently being explored for advanced electronics,membranes,and composites.Here we synthesize and explore the biological applications of nano-graphene oxide(NGO),i.e.,single-layer graphene oxide sheets down to a few nanometers in lateral width.We develop functionalization chemistry in order to impart solubility and compatibility of NGO in biological environments.We obtain size separated pegylated NGO sheets that are soluble in buffers and serum without agglomeration.The NGO sheets are found to be photoluminescent in the visible and infrared regions.The intrinsic photoluminescence(PL)of NGO is used for live cell imaging in the near-infrared(NIR)with little background.We found that simple physisorption viaπ-stacking can be used for loading doxorubicin,a widely used cancer drug onto NGO functionalized with antibody for selective killing of cancer cells in vitro.Owing to its small size,intrinsic optical properties,large specifi c surface area,low cost,and useful non-covalent interactions with aromatic drug molecules,NGO is a promising new material for biological and medical applications.展开更多
A novel methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) modified nano-graphene oxide(NGO-mPEG) was designed and synthesized as a photosensitizer(PS) carrier for photodynamic therapy of cancer.NGO with a size below 200 nm was prepared u...A novel methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) modified nano-graphene oxide(NGO-mPEG) was designed and synthesized as a photosensitizer(PS) carrier for photodynamic therapy of cancer.NGO with a size below 200 nm was prepared using a modified Hummers' method.NGO was observed by AFM to exhibit a structure with single-layer graphene oxide sheets down to a few nanometers in height.Hydrophilic mPEG conjugation of NGO(NGO-mPEG) was found to enhance solubility in cell culture media.No apparent cytotoxicity of the NGO-mPEG was observed towards MCF-7 carcinoma cell line.Zinc phthalocyanine(ZnPc),a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy,was loaded in the NGO-PEG through π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions,with the drug loading efficiency up to 14 wt%.Hydrophobic ZnPc was internalized in MCF-7 cells,exhibiting a pronounced phototoxicity in the cells under Xe light irradiation.The results indicate a great potential of NGO-mPEG for photodynamic therapy of cancer.展开更多
Perivascular delivery of therapeutic agents against established aetiologies for occlusive vascular remodelling has great therapeutic potential for vein graft failure.However,none of the perivascular drug delivery syst...Perivascular delivery of therapeutic agents against established aetiologies for occlusive vascular remodelling has great therapeutic potential for vein graft failure.However,none of the perivascular drug delivery systems tested experimentally have been translated into clinical practice.In this study,we established a novel strategy to locally and sustainably deliver the cyclin-dependent kinase 8/19 inhibitor Senexin A(SenA),an emerging drug candidate to treat occlusive vascular disease,using graphene oxide-hybridised hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels.We demonstrated an approach to accommodate SenA in hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels through utilising graphene oxide nanosheets allowing for non-covalent interaction with SenA.The resulting hydrogels produced sustained delivery of SenA over 21 days with tunable release kinetics.In vitro assays also demonstrated that the hydrogels were biocompatible.This novel graphene oxide-incorporated hyaluronic acid hydrogel offers an optimistic outlook as a perivascular drug delivery system for treating occlusive vascular diseases,such as vein graft failure.展开更多
背景:随着口腔纳米材料不断的进步与发展,大量研究发现碳纳米材料在口腔种植领域有着广泛的应用。目的:文章就碳纳米材料主要分类、结构特征、成骨、抗菌、蛋白/药物载体作用以及在口腔种植方面的相关应用作一综述。方法:明确碳纳米材...背景:随着口腔纳米材料不断的进步与发展,大量研究发现碳纳米材料在口腔种植领域有着广泛的应用。目的:文章就碳纳米材料主要分类、结构特征、成骨、抗菌、蛋白/药物载体作用以及在口腔种植方面的相关应用作一综述。方法:明确碳纳米材料的分类后,以“石墨烯/碳纳米管/碳纳米纤维/碳纳米材料,口腔种植/成骨AND口腔/抗菌AND口腔/载药AND口腔”为中文检索词检索,以“Graphene/carbon nanotubes/Carbon Nanofibers/carbon nanomaterials,dental implant/osteogenesis AND oral/antibacterial AND oral/drug loaded AND oral”为英文检索词检索,由第一作者通过计算机在中国知网、万方、维普及PubMed等数据库检索1998年1月至2021年8月已发表的相关文献,部分经典文献延长检索时间限制。最终选取符合纳入标准的英文文献64篇、中文文献9篇。结果与结论:①碳纳米材料主要分为3类,即零维、一维和二维碳纳米材料,因其具有独特的空间结构和良好的理化性质,在种植体表面涂层、支架材料改性、载药和制备屏障膜等方面具有较大应用潜力。②此外材料的成骨和抗菌作用还有利于形成稳定的骨整合和良好的软组织封闭作用,在种植体周围炎的预防与治疗中也有一定的研究意义。③碳纳米材料种类繁多,许多研究还将碳纳米材料与其他生物分子材料功能化组合成复合材料,从而可以获得某种特性。此外,碳纳米材料本身也具备抗菌作用,石墨烯也常与其他抗菌剂(如银纳米粒子)功能化来增强抗菌性能。④综合来看,碳纳米材料中石墨烯作为典型的二维碳纳米材料,一直是口腔种植及其他领域研究的热点,其中氧化石墨烯是应用较为广泛的一类石墨烯衍生物材料。有研究发现将其应用于种植体表面改性时,对种植体周围炎的治疗及预防方面具有一定的研究意义。⑤但关于碳纳米材料诱导干细胞分化/成骨相关信号通路以及免疫调节机制的研究还不太明确,材料的细胞毒性、降解和不良反应也仍需进一步研究。⑥目前也有待研究出一种具有成本效益、可扩展性和可重复制备碳纳米材料的工艺方法和材料生物相容性的评价指标,此外也需进一步深入研究当碳纳米材料应用于植体表面涂层时,对种植体周围炎的预防与治疗意义。展开更多
基金The Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Provincial Department of Education(KJ2018A0237)The Anhui University Undergraduate Innovative Training Program(201810367007).
文摘Graphene oxide and its derivatives,which carry abundant functional groups,have large surface area,excellent aqueous dispersity,biocompatibility and high drug-loaded rate characteristics.They become a kind of safe,efficient and optional targeting drug vectors in tumor therapy.Graphene oxide and its derivatives can load various of natural and artificial antineoplastic drugs and gene drugs,as well as treat tumor with optothermal.This report attempts to review the applications of Graphene oxide in tumor therapy.
文摘Magnesium(Mg) has attracted wide interest in orthopedic applications as they exhibit great biodegradability and strong biocompatibility,while corrosion is the main concern for Mg that should be addressed prior to biomedical applications. In this work, ZM31(Mg-3Zn-1Mn)/x RGO(x = 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 wt%) biocomposites were synthesized by semi-powder metallurgy method. The results showed that the RGO acting as an effective reinforcing filler to prevent deformation and showed better compressive strength(282.3 ± 9 MPa) and revealed enhancement in failure Strain(7.8 ± 2.1%) at 1 wt% RGO concentration compared to Mg alloy(244.5 ± 9 MPa and 7.1 ± 1.5%respectively). Moreover, fracture analysis indicated a more ductile fracture of the nanocomposites after the incorporation of RGO. Crack bridging, crack deflection and crack branching are dominant mechanisms for reinforcement of Mg-based containing RGO. Mg composites containing 0.5 wt% RGO showed a low corrosion rate(2.75 mm/year), while more incorporation of RGO resulted in an increased corrosion rate(4.38 mm/year). In addition, the degradation rate of ZM31 alloy(2.57 mg·cm-2·d-1) obviously decreased with the addition of 0.5 wt%RGO(1.84 mg·cm-2·d-1) in the SBF. Besides, continuous apatite layers were created on the composites in the SBF solution. Also, the cell culture examinations showed good cell viability and adhesion on composites with 0.5 and 1 wt% RGO, which was demonstrated by the SEM and MTT assay The alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity of the ZM3–0.5RGO composite was considerably higher than that of ZM31matrix alloy in 24 h and 48 h, implying higher osteoblastic differentiation. The antibacterial behavior toward both bacteria(E. coli and S.aureus) exhibited that escalating RGO concentration in Mg-matrix composites leads to further inhibition of bacteria growth. These findings suggested that ZM31–0.5RGO biocomposite could be a more promising candidate for orthopedic implants.
文摘This study investigates the effect of graphene oxide(GO)on the mechanical and corrosion behavior,antibacterial performance,and cell response of Mg–Zn–Mn(MZM)nanocomposite.MZM/GO nanocomposites with different amounts of GO(i.e.,0.5 wt%,1.0 wt%,and1.5 wt%)were fabricated by the semi-powder metallurgy method.The influence of GO on the MZM nanocomposite was analyzed through the hardness,compressive,corrosion,antibacterial,and cytotoxicity tests.The experimental results showed that,with the increase in the amount of GO(0.5 wt%and 1.5 wt%),the hardness value,compressive strength,and antibacterial performance of the MZM nanocomposite increased,whereas the cell viability and osteogenesis level decreased after the addition of 1.5 wt%GO.Moreover,the electrochemical examination results showed that the corrosion behavior of the MZM alloy was significantly enhanced after encapsulation in 0.5 wt%GO.In summary,MZM nanocomposites reinforced with GO can be used for implant applications because of their antibacterial performance and mechanical property.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC1102305)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2018CDPTCG0001-10)the support from the Chongqing Engineering Laboratory in Vascular Implants and the Public Experiment Center of State Bioindustrial Base(Chongqing).
文摘In this study,we designed a double layer-coated vascular stent of 316L stainless steel using an ultrasonic spray system to achieve both antiproliferation and antithrombosis.The coating included an inner layer of graphene oxide(GO)loaded with docetaxel(DTX)and an outer layer of carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC)loaded with heparin(Hep).The coated surface was uniform without aggregation and shedding phenomena before and after stent expanded.The coating treatment was able to inhibit the adhesion and activation of platelets and the proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells,indicating the excellent biocompatibility and antiproliferation ability.The toxicity tests showed that the GO/DTX and CMC/Hep coating did not cause deformity and organ abnormalities in zebrafish under stereomicroscope.The stents with GO double-layer coating were safe and could effectively prevent thrombosis and in-stent restenosis after the implantation into rabbit carotid arteries for 4–12 weeks.
文摘Nanocomposite hydrogels are one of the most important types of biomaterials which can be used in many different applications such as drug delivery and tissue engineering.Incorporatio n of nano particles within a hydrogel matrix can provide unique characteristics like remote stimulate and improved mechanical strength.In this study,the synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene oxide nanocomposite hydrogel has been studied.Nanocomposite hydrogel was synthesized using carboxymethyl cellulose as a natural base,acrylic acid as a comonomer,graphene oxide as a filler,ammonium persulfate as an initiator,and iron nanoparticles as a crosslinking agent.The effect of reaction variables such as the iron nanoparticles,graphene oxide,ammonium persulfate,and acrylic acid were examined to achieve a hydrogel with maximum absorbency.Doxorubicin,an anti-cancer chemotherapy drug,was loaded into this hydrogel and its release behaviors were examined in the phosphate buffer solutions with different pH values.The structure of the graphene oxide and the optimized hydrogel were confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and atomic force microscopy.
基金by NIH-NCI funded CCNE TR at Stanford University.We are grateful to Drs.Alice Fan and Dean Felsher for providing the antibodies used in this work.
文摘Two-dimensional graphene offers interesting electronic,thermal,and mechanical properties that are currently being explored for advanced electronics,membranes,and composites.Here we synthesize and explore the biological applications of nano-graphene oxide(NGO),i.e.,single-layer graphene oxide sheets down to a few nanometers in lateral width.We develop functionalization chemistry in order to impart solubility and compatibility of NGO in biological environments.We obtain size separated pegylated NGO sheets that are soluble in buffers and serum without agglomeration.The NGO sheets are found to be photoluminescent in the visible and infrared regions.The intrinsic photoluminescence(PL)of NGO is used for live cell imaging in the near-infrared(NIR)with little background.We found that simple physisorption viaπ-stacking can be used for loading doxorubicin,a widely used cancer drug onto NGO functionalized with antibody for selective killing of cancer cells in vitro.Owing to its small size,intrinsic optical properties,large specifi c surface area,low cost,and useful non-covalent interactions with aromatic drug molecules,NGO is a promising new material for biological and medical applications.
基金supported by the Shanghai Nanotechnology (0952nm04800)Shanghai Postdoctoral Fund (10R21415700)+2 种基金Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (10ZR1432100)Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (20091619)the Program for Young Excellent Talents in Tongji University
文摘A novel methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) modified nano-graphene oxide(NGO-mPEG) was designed and synthesized as a photosensitizer(PS) carrier for photodynamic therapy of cancer.NGO with a size below 200 nm was prepared using a modified Hummers' method.NGO was observed by AFM to exhibit a structure with single-layer graphene oxide sheets down to a few nanometers in height.Hydrophilic mPEG conjugation of NGO(NGO-mPEG) was found to enhance solubility in cell culture media.No apparent cytotoxicity of the NGO-mPEG was observed towards MCF-7 carcinoma cell line.Zinc phthalocyanine(ZnPc),a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy,was loaded in the NGO-PEG through π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions,with the drug loading efficiency up to 14 wt%.Hydrophobic ZnPc was internalized in MCF-7 cells,exhibiting a pronounced phototoxicity in the cells under Xe light irradiation.The results indicate a great potential of NGO-mPEG for photodynamic therapy of cancer.
基金The work was supported by United States NIH under the award Nos.R01 GM136877(to QW,JF),R43 HL137525(to TC),R21 EB022131(to TC),P20 GM1090991(to TC),and R01 HL160541(to TC).
文摘Perivascular delivery of therapeutic agents against established aetiologies for occlusive vascular remodelling has great therapeutic potential for vein graft failure.However,none of the perivascular drug delivery systems tested experimentally have been translated into clinical practice.In this study,we established a novel strategy to locally and sustainably deliver the cyclin-dependent kinase 8/19 inhibitor Senexin A(SenA),an emerging drug candidate to treat occlusive vascular disease,using graphene oxide-hybridised hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels.We demonstrated an approach to accommodate SenA in hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels through utilising graphene oxide nanosheets allowing for non-covalent interaction with SenA.The resulting hydrogels produced sustained delivery of SenA over 21 days with tunable release kinetics.In vitro assays also demonstrated that the hydrogels were biocompatible.This novel graphene oxide-incorporated hyaluronic acid hydrogel offers an optimistic outlook as a perivascular drug delivery system for treating occlusive vascular diseases,such as vein graft failure.
文摘背景:随着口腔纳米材料不断的进步与发展,大量研究发现碳纳米材料在口腔种植领域有着广泛的应用。目的:文章就碳纳米材料主要分类、结构特征、成骨、抗菌、蛋白/药物载体作用以及在口腔种植方面的相关应用作一综述。方法:明确碳纳米材料的分类后,以“石墨烯/碳纳米管/碳纳米纤维/碳纳米材料,口腔种植/成骨AND口腔/抗菌AND口腔/载药AND口腔”为中文检索词检索,以“Graphene/carbon nanotubes/Carbon Nanofibers/carbon nanomaterials,dental implant/osteogenesis AND oral/antibacterial AND oral/drug loaded AND oral”为英文检索词检索,由第一作者通过计算机在中国知网、万方、维普及PubMed等数据库检索1998年1月至2021年8月已发表的相关文献,部分经典文献延长检索时间限制。最终选取符合纳入标准的英文文献64篇、中文文献9篇。结果与结论:①碳纳米材料主要分为3类,即零维、一维和二维碳纳米材料,因其具有独特的空间结构和良好的理化性质,在种植体表面涂层、支架材料改性、载药和制备屏障膜等方面具有较大应用潜力。②此外材料的成骨和抗菌作用还有利于形成稳定的骨整合和良好的软组织封闭作用,在种植体周围炎的预防与治疗中也有一定的研究意义。③碳纳米材料种类繁多,许多研究还将碳纳米材料与其他生物分子材料功能化组合成复合材料,从而可以获得某种特性。此外,碳纳米材料本身也具备抗菌作用,石墨烯也常与其他抗菌剂(如银纳米粒子)功能化来增强抗菌性能。④综合来看,碳纳米材料中石墨烯作为典型的二维碳纳米材料,一直是口腔种植及其他领域研究的热点,其中氧化石墨烯是应用较为广泛的一类石墨烯衍生物材料。有研究发现将其应用于种植体表面改性时,对种植体周围炎的治疗及预防方面具有一定的研究意义。⑤但关于碳纳米材料诱导干细胞分化/成骨相关信号通路以及免疫调节机制的研究还不太明确,材料的细胞毒性、降解和不良反应也仍需进一步研究。⑥目前也有待研究出一种具有成本效益、可扩展性和可重复制备碳纳米材料的工艺方法和材料生物相容性的评价指标,此外也需进一步深入研究当碳纳米材料应用于植体表面涂层时,对种植体周围炎的预防与治疗意义。
