Large-scale fabrication of re duce d graphene oxide-sulfur composite films for flexible lithium-sulfur batteries

The rapid development of flexible electronic devices requires the design of flexible energy-storage devices. Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries are attracting much interest due to their high energy density. Therefore, flexible Li-S batteries with high areal capacity are desired. Herein, we fabricated freestanding reduced graphene oxide-sulfur(RGO@S) composite films with a cross-linked structure using a blade coating technique, followed by a subsequent chemical reduction. The porous cross-linked structure endows the composite films with excellent electrochemical performance. The batteries based on RGO@S composite films could exhibit a high discharge capacity of 1381 m Ah/g at 0.1 C and excellent cycle stability. Furthermore, the freestanding composite film possesses excellent conductivity and high mechanical strength. Therefore, they can be used as the cathodes of flexible Li-S batteries. As a proof of concept, soft-packaged Li-S batteries were assembled and remained stable electrochemical performance under different bending states.

Preparation and Characterization of Co_(3)O_(4)/Graphene/Cellulose Nanofiber Composite Films

Nanocellulose has served as an eye-catching nanomaterial for constructing advanced functional devices with renewability,light weight,flexibility,and environmental friendliness.In this study,Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/cellulose nanofiber(CNF)flexible composite films,in which the CNF acted as a spacer for the graphene,were prepared via a facile and scalable vacuum filtration method.The effects of the CNF on the microstructure,hydrophilicity,thermal stability,tensile strength,surface resistance,and electrochemical performance of the Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/CNF composite films were systematically investigated.The results showed that the synergistic interaction of the CNF and graphene substantially improved the overall properties of the Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/CNF composite films,particularly their hydrophilicity and tensile strength.Meanwhile,Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/CNF composite films with a CNF content of 4%appeared to have the optimal electrochemical performance,with an area specific capacitance of 56 mF/cm^(2) and prominent capacitance retention of 95.6%at a current density of 1 A/g after 1000 cycles.This work demonstrated that the prepared Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/CNF flexible composite films have great application potential in the field of flexible energy storage devices.

Manufacturing N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan-reduced graphene oxide under freeze-dying for performance improvement of Li-S battery

Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries can provide far higher energy density than currently commercialized lithium ion batteries, but challenges remain before it they are used in practice.One of the challenges is the shuttle effect that originates from soluble intermediates, like lithium polysulfides. To address this issue, we report a novel laminar composite, N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan-reduced graphene oxide(CC-rGO), which is manufactured via the self-assembly of CC onto GO and subsequent reduction of GO under an extreme condition of 1 Pa and-50°C. The synthesized laminar CC-rGO composite is mixed with acetylene black(AB) and coated on a commercial polypropylene(PP) membrane, resulting in a separator(CC-rGO/AB/PP) that can not only completely suppress the polysulfides penetration, but also can accelerate the lithium ion transportation, providing a Li-S battery with excellent cyclic stability and rate capability. As confirmed by theoretic simulations, this unique feature of CC-rGO is attributed to its strong repulsive interaction to polysulfide anions and its benefit for fast lithium ion transportation through the paths paved by the heteroatoms in CC.

A graphene-enhanced high-barrier and fast-curing film for deep in situ condition preserved coring in coal seams

Scientific research on deep in situ resources is highly important to the theory and technology system construction for deep in-situ resource exploitation.To obtain high-condition preserved core samples,it is vital to maintain the original material,humidity and luminous flux information inside the core.Therefore,this study proposes a research and development strategy for a high-toughness and highbarrier sealing film based on the molecular structure design and filler synergistic enhancement via a deep solid-state sealing film using in situ substance preservation(ISP),in situ moisture preservation(IMP)and in situ light preservation(ILP)coring principles.A graphene/epoxy composite sealing film with a high barrier,high strength and high toughness was developed.The oxygen permeability of the film was 0.23 cm^(3)/(m^(2)·d),the water vapor permeability was 1.26 g/(m^(2)·d),and the light transmittance was 0.The tensile strength reached 15.4 MPa,and the toughness was 5242.9 kJ/m^(3).The results from the film substance and moisture preservation performance verification experiments showed that the sealing film had an excellent sealing effect on small molecules,such as water,alkanes and even ions,which further verified that the sealing film greatly contributed to the maintenance and preservation of deep in-situ resource reserves and abundance.

Electrochemical study and application on rutin at chitosan/graphene films modified glassy carbon electrode

Graphene（G） was dispersed into 0.5% chitosan（Chit） solution,then the composite films were coated on glassy carbon electrode（GCE）,the electrochemical behavior of rutin on a Chit/G modified GCE was investigated and the electrochemical parameters of rutin were calculated.Rutin effectively accumulated on the Chit/G/GCE and caused a pair of redox peaks at around 408 mV and 482 mV（vs.SCE） in 0.1M phosphate buffer solution（pH 4.0）.Under optimized conditions,the anodic peak current was linear to the rutin concentration in the range of 5×107-1.04×105M.The regression equation was：y 9.9219x-0.0025,r=0.9958.The proposed method was successfully used for the determination of rutin content in tablet samples with satisfactory results.

Investigation of Chitosan-PVA Composite Films and Their Adsorption Properties

Viscous aqueous solutions of chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were blended to enhance miscibility and avoid polymer phase separation. The mixtures were drop-casted and air dried to yield composite film materials that were characterized by equilibrium water uptake, physical stability in aqueous solution, and thermal stability. Chitosan/PVA blends have greater thermal stability, unique morphology, and reduced solubility in acidic solution, thus extending the useful pH range for chitosan as a sorbent material. The uptake properties of the films was investigated using methylene blue (MB) and a p-nitrophenol (PNP) dyes, where it was found that each single component polymer has greater uptake toward MB than PNP. A direct relationship between film composition (chitosan:PVA) with solution pH and the uptake of MB was observed. The results are in agreement with electrostatic interactions and contributions due to the hydrophobic effect for such composite materials.

基于MAPbI_(3)/Graphene/Si复合结构的高灵敏宽带太赫兹调制器

高性能硅基太赫兹调制器是构建超宽带太赫兹-光纤混合通信系统的关键器件之一.提出了一种基于钙钛矿/石墨烯/硅(MAPbI_(3)/Graphene/Si)复合结构的近红外光驱动的超宽带大调制深度太赫兹调制器.实验结果表明,石墨烯薄膜和钙钛矿空穴传输层在近红外光驱动下可有效地促进界面电荷分离,增大载流子复合寿命,显著增强器件的表面电导率,进一步调控太赫兹波的传输幅度,实现光控型太赫兹波调制器的功能.通过波长808 nm的近红外调制激励源,对器件在0.2—2.5 THz超宽频率范围的太赫兹透射特性进行表征,实验用6.1 mW/mm^(2)的低功率密度近红外光驱动下实现了高达88.3%的大调制深度,远高于裸硅基底的调制深度(约14.0%),具有高灵敏、宽带和大调制深度等显著优势,并且建立了相应的半解析器件模型,仿真验证了实验结果.所提出的MAPbI_(3)/Graphene复合薄膜在增强硅基调制器性能方面效果显著,为未来实现硅基太赫兹调制器在近红外太赫兹-光纤混合通信系统的集成提供了一种新策略.

Composite bilayer films with organic compound-triggered bending properties

Organic compounds are widely used in both industry and daily life,and composite bilayer films with organic compound-triggered bending properties are promising for applications of transducers,soft robotics,and so on.Here,a universal and straightforward strategy to generate composite bilayer films with organic compoundtriggered bending properties is demonstrated.The composite bilayer films with organic compound-triggered bending properties are designed with bilayer structures,in which one layer is a porous polymeric membrane with appropriate solubility parameter that matches the value of organic solvents in order to produce prominent affinity to the solvent molecules,and the other layer is reduced graphene oxide membrane stacked on the porous polymeric membrane as an inert layer for restraining the swelling of the polymeric membrane on one side.Guided by matching the solubility parameters between solvent and polymer,a significant bending curvature of 27.3 cm-1 is obtained in acetone vapor.The results in this study will provide valuable guidance for designing and developing functional composite materials with significant organic compound-triggered bending properties.

Reduction Band Gap Energy of TiO₂Assembled with Graphene Oxide Nanosheets

This research work aims to reduce the band gap of thin layers of titanium oxide by the incorporation of graphene oxide sheets. Thin layers of the TiO2-GO composites were prepared on a glass substrate by the spin-coating technique from GO and an aqueous solution of TiO2. A significant decrease in optical band gap was observed at the TiO2-GO compound compared to that of pure TiO2. Samples as prepared were characterized using XRD, SEM and UV-visible spectra. XRD analysis revealed the amorphous nature of the deposited layers. Scanning electron microscope reveals the dispersion of graphene nanofiles among titanium oxide nanoparticles distributed at the surface with an almost uniform size distribution. The band gap has been calculated and is around 2 eV after incorporation of Graphene oxide. The chemical bond C-Ti between the titanium oxide and graphene sheets is at the origin of this reduction.

石墨烯/碳纳米管复合电热膜制备过程工艺优化及预测模型

目的本文利用响应面法和神经网络遗传算法对石墨烯/碳纳米管复合电热膜的固化工艺进行优化,并对2种方法的优化结果进行比较,为复合电热膜制备提供了最佳的工艺参数。方法通过单因素实验探讨浆料定量、固化温度和固化时间对复合电热膜体积电阻率的影响,在此基础上进行BB试验设计,在BB试验结果上进行响应面法(RSM)和BP神经网络分析及优化。结果单因素实验结果表示随电热膜定量增加,体积电阻率先下降后上升,随着固化温度的升高或固化时间增加,体积电阻率逐渐下降直至趋于稳定。对BB响应面法和GA-BP遗传神经网络法优化获得的最佳工艺进行实验验证,GA-BP遗传神经网络模型优化的结果相对误差较小为1.06%,因此得出最佳固化工艺参数:定量为0.056 g/cm^(2)、固化温度为85.71℃、固化时间为11.13 h。该研究结果对石墨烯碳纳米管复合电热膜的制备工艺具有参考价值。结论通过响应面方差分析表明,定量、固化温度和固化时间三因素对体积电阻率既有显著的线性影响,也有极其显著的平方影响。BP神经网络预测模型的准确性很好,可用于石墨烯/碳纳米管复合电热膜体积电阻率的预测。

Freestanding reduced graphene oxide/sodium vanadate composite films for flexible aqueous zinc-ion batteries

With the booming development of portable and wearable electronic devices, flexible energy storage devices have attracted great attention. Among various energy storage devices, aqueous zinc ion batteries(ZIBs) are one of the promising candidates due to their low cost, good safety, high energy and power densities. However, the conventional cathodes of aqueous ZIBs were often prepared by mixing active materials with binders and conductive additives and then coating them onto current collectors. The resultant cathodes often suffer from unsatisfied flexibility. Herein, we fabricated freestanding reduced graphene oxide/NaV_3O_8·1.5H_2O(RGO/NVO) composite films with interlinked multilayered architecture by a vacuum filtrating process. Such composite films exhibit excellent mechanical property and high electronic conductivity. Owing to unique architecture, they display a high capacity of 410 mA h g^(-1) and excellent cycling performance up to 2000 cycles with a high capacity retention of 94%. Moreover, RGO/NVO composite films can directly serve as the cathodes of flexible aqueous ZIBs. As a proof of concept,flexible ZIBs were assembled based on the composite films. Impressively, they exhibit stable performance at different bending states, demonstrating great potential application in flexible energy storage devices.

Flexible and disposable paper-based gas sensor using reduced graphene oxide/chitosan composite

Nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))is a representative toxicant in air pollution that mostly arises from the exhaust gas released by automobiles.It is related to various respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and sudden infant death syndrome.Additionally,because the toxicity of nitrogen dioxide is high in overpopulated areas(i.e.,a capital or metropolis),the development of simple,practical,and facile sensors is highly needed.This work presents a flexible and disposable paper-based NO_(2)sensor based on a reduced graphene oxide/chitosan(r GO/CS)composite.The synthesized r GO/CS composite can be easily flexed and deformed into various shapes,which are attributed to chitosan molecules that function as a dispersion and reduction agent and support material.In addition,this composite can be attached to paper owing to its adhesive property;hence it can be utilized in versatile applications in a disposable manner.By analyzing the conductive change of the r GO/CS composite when it reacts with NO_(2),we can detect nitrogen dioxide in a concentration range of 0–100 ppm with a detection limit of 1 ppm.Moreover,we performed NO_(2)detection in the exhaust gas released by automobiles using the r GO/CS composite for practical application.The results indicated that the r GO/CS composite has the potential to be used in feasible gas sensing as a facile and disposable sensor under various conditions.

PEO/rGO复合电热膜的制备及电热性能研究

采用导电性能优异的还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)为导电填料,以高分子聚合物聚氧化乙烯(PEO)为粘结剂,以N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)为溶剂配制成导电浆料,通过刮涂法高温固化得到聚氧化乙烯/还原氧化石墨烯(PEO/rGO)复合电热膜。通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对复合电热膜进行分析表征,并测试了其电学特性和电加热性能。结果表明:PEO/rGO复合电热膜的方阻随着rGO含量的增加而逐渐下降,且方阻的下降速度由快到慢;PEO/rGO复合电热膜的升温速度随着导电填料rGO含量的增加逐渐变缓;当rGO含量较多、PEO含量较少时,会造成升温速率下降,也会造成电热平台不稳定;当rGO质量分数为20%时,在施加18V直流电压下复合电热膜可快速升温至43℃,并且表现出平稳的电热平台和较高的电加热效率,能够满足低温高效率复合电热膜的使用要求。

新型纳米金刚石薄膜电极研究综述

文章基于纳米金刚石薄膜电极的电化学领域研究,综述了本课题组的相关工作。内容关注于纳米金刚石薄膜中导电晶粒和晶界对电化学贡献规律,新型纳米金刚石/石墨烯复合薄膜电极的电化学性能研究及在能源催化领域的应用研究等。

柑橘皮/壳聚糖复合膜制备及性能研究

柑橘废弃物处理困难是限制柑橘加工业发展的重要因素。为了将柑橘果皮加工成生物基复合薄膜,并研究其结构和性能,先以脐橙皮、壳聚糖和甘油为原料,最大拉伸强度和断裂伸长率为响应值,通过响应面中心组合试验,制备力学性能较佳的脐橙皮/壳聚糖复合膜。再以优化后的配方制备马家柚皮复合膜、南丰蜜桔皮复合膜和纯壳聚糖膜,通过扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱对壳聚糖膜和3种柑橘皮复合膜进行表征,并测定了薄膜的水蒸气渗透性、光阻隔性和抗氧化能力。响应面优化结果为壳聚糖含量1.10%,脐橙皮含量4.10%,甘油含量0.90%(均为质量分数)。优化后脐橙皮复合膜拉伸强度为(15.76±0.66)MPa,断裂伸长率为(19.23±1.52)%。表征结果显示柑橘皮均匀分散在薄膜结构中,与壳聚糖具有良好的混溶性,两者可能通过氢键进行结合。此外,柑橘皮复合膜在紫外光区和可见光区的光透射率均低于10%,在食品模拟物(体积分数为10%的乙醇溶液和95%乙醇溶液)中能够释放抗氧化物质。综上所述,柑橘皮与壳聚糖能够加工成具有一定力学性能、良好光阻隔性和抗氧化活性的生物基薄膜,为脐橙、南丰蜜桔和马家柚果皮资源化利用提供参考。

嘉宝果提取物/壳聚糖复合膜的制备及应用研究

以嘉宝果果皮为原料,利用超临界流体萃取技术对嘉宝果果皮多酚进行了提取。采用溶液共混法制备不同嘉宝果提取物质量分数的壳聚糖复合膜,并对其红外光谱、透光率、溶解度、厚度、抗氧化性能等进行了测试。最后,将该复合膜应用于圣女果保鲜,通过失重率检测了贮藏期间圣女果的品质变化。结果表明该复合膜在圣女果保鲜上具有可行性,也为嘉宝果提取物与壳聚糖复合膜的开发和应用提供参考。

诺丽多糖复合膜的制备及性能研究

为开发出良好环保的可食性复合膜,该研究利用亚临界水萃取法从诺丽果中提取出天然的植物多糖,并以不同比例的诺丽多糖与壳聚糖共混从而制备出可食性诺丽多糖复合膜,并对其物理性质和光学性能进行了表征。将共混比例不同的复合膜进行30 d的土壤埋藏实验,并测试其耐油性能。结果表明,随着复合膜中诺丽多糖添加比例的增大,提高了复合膜的溶解度、阻氧率和抗拉伸强度,降低了复合膜的水蒸气透过率和断裂伸长率,膜的色度a^(*)、b^(*)、ΔE值和不透明度显著增加,而L^(*)值显著降低,复合膜表观良好。电镜观察到膜的形貌结构光滑致密,X衍射和热分析可知复合膜各组分良好相容,同时具有良好的土壤生物降解率和耐油性能。因此诺丽多糖复合膜有望作为良好的环保型可食性复合膜应用到食品包装材料中。

壳聚糖纳米复合食品包装抗菌材料研究进展

基于壳聚糖纳米复合抗菌材料在食品包装中的应用潜力,介绍了壳聚糖薄膜材料的制备方法,综述了壳聚糖与银纳米粒子、氧化镁、氧化锌、二氧化钛、二氧化硅、碳酸钙等纳米材料复合制备复合抗菌材料的研究进展,指出壳聚糖是性能优异的食品包装材料,但是壳聚糖复合薄膜还存在机械强度低、阻隔性能差、抗氧化性弱和水溶性差等缺点。溶液流延法是简单方便且使用广泛的制备壳聚糖复合薄膜的方法;层层挤出法制备的壳聚糖复合薄膜具有良好的机械性能和热稳定性;与纯壳聚糖薄膜相比,壳聚糖与纳米材料复合制备的复合薄膜具有更好的抗菌性能。未来应加强对壳聚糖纳米复合食品包装抗菌材料安全性以及制备方法的研究,推动壳聚糖纳米复合材料的规模化生产和在食品包装中的应用。

猪肝蛋白复合膜性能及其在肉品保鲜中的应用

目的:开发一种以猪肝为主要原料的新型天然食品保鲜剂。方法:以水溶性猪肝蛋白(WSLP)、盐溶性猪肝蛋白(SSLP)和壳聚糖(CS)制备可食性复合膜,通过测定机械性能、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、微观结构等对可食膜组分之间进行多角度研究,并将其用于猪肉保鲜,通过对比猪肉冷藏过程中理化指标的变化探究复合膜的保鲜性能。结果:随着WSLP和SSLP的加入,可食膜的机械性能呈先升高后降低的趋势,当添加量为40%时膜的性能最佳,其膜厚分别为(0.267±0.00143),(0.264±0.00121)mm,拉伸强度分别为(9.63±0.29),(4.43±0.37)MPa,断裂延伸率分别为(58.37±0.90)%,(28.24±0.63)%,均与CS膜差异显著(P<0.05);40%的WSLP和SSLP能最大程度提升膜基质间的相互交联,其制得的复合膜表面光滑平整,微观结构最佳。猪肉冷藏12 d后,40%SSLP复合膜的保鲜性能最佳,其pH、菌落总数、TVB-N值及TBARS值均为最小。结论:40%WSLP和SSLP制得的复合膜各项性能均最佳。